Training courses

Kernel and Embedded Linux

Bootlin training courses

Embedded Linux, kernel,
Yocto Project, Buildroot, real-time,
graphics, boot time, debugging...

Bootlin logo

Elixir Cross Referencer

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2017 Edward Tomasz Napierala <trasz@FreeBSD.org>
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This software was developed by SRI International and the University of
 * Cambridge Computer Laboratory under DARPA/AFRL contract (FA8750-10-C-0237)
 * ("CTSRD"), as part of the DARPA CRASH research programme.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/ptrace.h>
#include <sys/sx.h>
#include <sys/syscallsubr.h>

#include <machine/pcb.h>
#include <machine/reg.h>

#include <amd64/linux/linux.h>
#include <amd64/linux/linux_proto.h>
#include <compat/linux/linux_emul.h>
#include <compat/linux/linux_misc.h>
#include <compat/linux/linux_signal.h>
#include <compat/linux/linux_util.h>

#define	LINUX_PTRACE_TRACEME		0
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_PEEKTEXT		1
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_PEEKDATA		2
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_PEEKUSER		3
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_POKETEXT		4
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_POKEDATA		5
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_POKEUSER		6
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_CONT		7
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_KILL		8
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_SINGLESTEP		9
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_GETREGS		12
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_SETREGS		13
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_GETFPREGS		14
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_SETFPREGS		15
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_ATTACH		16
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_DETACH		17
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_SYSCALL		24
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_SETOPTIONS		0x4200
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_GETREGSET		0x4204
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_SEIZE		0x4206

#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD	1
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK	2
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK	4
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE	8
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC	16
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE	32
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT	64
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACESECCOMP	128
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_EXITKILL		1048576
#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_SUSPEND_SECCOMP	2097152

#define	LINUX_NT_PRSTATUS		1

#define	LINUX_PTRACE_O_MASK	(LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD |	\
    LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK | LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK |	\
    LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE | LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC |	\
    LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE | LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT |	\
    LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACESECCOMP | LINUX_PTRACE_O_EXITKILL |	\
    LINUX_PTRACE_O_SUSPEND_SECCOMP)

static int
map_signum(int lsig, int *bsigp)
{
	int bsig;

	if (lsig == 0) {
		*bsigp = 0;
		return (0);
	}

	if (lsig < 0 || lsig > LINUX_SIGRTMAX)
		return (EINVAL);

	bsig = linux_to_bsd_signal(lsig);
	if (bsig == SIGSTOP)
		bsig = 0;

	*bsigp = bsig;
	return (0);
}

int
linux_ptrace_status(struct thread *td, pid_t pid, int status)
{
	struct ptrace_lwpinfo lwpinfo;
	struct linux_pemuldata *pem;
	register_t saved_retval;
	int error;

	saved_retval = td->td_retval[0];
	error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_LWPINFO, pid, &lwpinfo, sizeof(lwpinfo));
	td->td_retval[0] = saved_retval;
	if (error != 0) {
		linux_msg(td, "PT_LWPINFO failed with error %d", error);
		return (status);
	}

	pem = pem_find(td->td_proc);
	KASSERT(pem != NULL, ("%s: proc emuldata not found.\n", __func__));

	LINUX_PEM_SLOCK(pem);
	if ((pem->ptrace_flags & LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD) &&
	    lwpinfo.pl_flags & PL_FLAG_SCE)
		status |= (LINUX_SIGTRAP | 0x80) << 8;
	if ((pem->ptrace_flags & LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD) &&
	    lwpinfo.pl_flags & PL_FLAG_SCX)
		status |= (LINUX_SIGTRAP | 0x80) << 8;
	LINUX_PEM_SUNLOCK(pem);

	return (status);
}

struct linux_pt_reg {
	l_ulong	r15;
	l_ulong	r14;
	l_ulong	r13;
	l_ulong	r12;
	l_ulong	rbp;
	l_ulong	rbx;
	l_ulong	r11;
	l_ulong	r10;
	l_ulong	r9;
	l_ulong	r8;
	l_ulong	rax;
	l_ulong	rcx;
	l_ulong	rdx;
	l_ulong	rsi;
	l_ulong	rdi;
	l_ulong	orig_rax;
	l_ulong	rip;
	l_ulong	cs;
	l_ulong	eflags;
	l_ulong	rsp;
	l_ulong	ss;
};

struct linux_pt_regset {
	l_ulong	r15;
	l_ulong	r14;
	l_ulong	r13;
	l_ulong	r12;
	l_ulong	rbp;
	l_ulong	rbx;
	l_ulong	r11;
	l_ulong	r10;
	l_ulong	r9;
	l_ulong	r8;
	l_ulong	rax;
	l_ulong	rcx;
	l_ulong	rdx;
	l_ulong	rsi;
	l_ulong	rdi;
	l_ulong	orig_rax;
	l_ulong	rip;
	l_ulong	cs;
	l_ulong	eflags;
	l_ulong	rsp;
	l_ulong	ss;
	l_ulong fs_base;
	l_ulong gs_base;
	l_ulong ds;
	l_ulong es;
	l_ulong fs;
	l_ulong gs;
};

/*
 * Translate amd64 ptrace registers between Linux and FreeBSD formats.
 * The translation is pretty straighforward, for all registers but
 * orig_rax on Linux side and r_trapno and r_err in FreeBSD.
 */
static void
map_regs_to_linux(struct reg *b_reg, struct linux_pt_reg *l_reg)
{

	l_reg->r15 = b_reg->r_r15;
	l_reg->r14 = b_reg->r_r14;
	l_reg->r13 = b_reg->r_r13;
	l_reg->r12 = b_reg->r_r12;
	l_reg->rbp = b_reg->r_rbp;
	l_reg->rbx = b_reg->r_rbx;
	l_reg->r11 = b_reg->r_r11;
	l_reg->r10 = b_reg->r_r10;
	l_reg->r9 = b_reg->r_r9;
	l_reg->r8 = b_reg->r_r8;
	l_reg->rax = b_reg->r_rax;
	l_reg->rcx = b_reg->r_rcx;
	l_reg->rdx = b_reg->r_rdx;
	l_reg->rsi = b_reg->r_rsi;
	l_reg->rdi = b_reg->r_rdi;
	l_reg->orig_rax = b_reg->r_rax;
	l_reg->rip = b_reg->r_rip;
	l_reg->cs = b_reg->r_cs;
	l_reg->eflags = b_reg->r_rflags;
	l_reg->rsp = b_reg->r_rsp;
	l_reg->ss = b_reg->r_ss;
}

static void
map_regs_to_linux_regset(struct reg *b_reg, unsigned long fs_base,
    unsigned long gs_base, struct linux_pt_regset *l_regset)
{

	l_regset->r15 = b_reg->r_r15;
	l_regset->r14 = b_reg->r_r14;
	l_regset->r13 = b_reg->r_r13;
	l_regset->r12 = b_reg->r_r12;
	l_regset->rbp = b_reg->r_rbp;
	l_regset->rbx = b_reg->r_rbx;
	l_regset->r11 = b_reg->r_r11;
	l_regset->r10 = b_reg->r_r10;
	l_regset->r9 = b_reg->r_r9;
	l_regset->r8 = b_reg->r_r8;
	l_regset->rax = b_reg->r_rax;
	l_regset->rcx = b_reg->r_rcx;
	l_regset->rdx = b_reg->r_rdx;
	l_regset->rsi = b_reg->r_rsi;
	l_regset->rdi = b_reg->r_rdi;
	l_regset->orig_rax = b_reg->r_rax;
	l_regset->rip = b_reg->r_rip;
	l_regset->cs = b_reg->r_cs;
	l_regset->eflags = b_reg->r_rflags;
	l_regset->rsp = b_reg->r_rsp;
	l_regset->ss = b_reg->r_ss;
	l_regset->fs_base = fs_base;
	l_regset->gs_base = gs_base;
	l_regset->ds = b_reg->r_ds;
	l_regset->es = b_reg->r_es;
	l_regset->fs = b_reg->r_fs;
	l_regset->gs = b_reg->r_gs;
}

static void
map_regs_from_linux(struct reg *b_reg, struct linux_pt_reg *l_reg)
{
	b_reg->r_r15 = l_reg->r15;
	b_reg->r_r14 = l_reg->r14;
	b_reg->r_r13 = l_reg->r13;
	b_reg->r_r12 = l_reg->r12;
	b_reg->r_r11 = l_reg->r11;
	b_reg->r_r10 = l_reg->r10;
	b_reg->r_r9 = l_reg->r9;
	b_reg->r_r8 = l_reg->r8;
	b_reg->r_rdi = l_reg->rdi;
	b_reg->r_rsi = l_reg->rsi;
	b_reg->r_rbp = l_reg->rbp;
	b_reg->r_rbx = l_reg->rbx;
	b_reg->r_rdx = l_reg->rdx;
	b_reg->r_rcx = l_reg->rcx;
	b_reg->r_rax = l_reg->rax;

	/*
	 * XXX: Are zeroes the right thing to put here?
	 */
	b_reg->r_trapno = 0;
	b_reg->r_fs = 0;
	b_reg->r_gs = 0;
	b_reg->r_err = 0;
	b_reg->r_es = 0;
	b_reg->r_ds = 0;

	b_reg->r_rip = l_reg->rip;
	b_reg->r_cs = l_reg->cs;
	b_reg->r_rflags = l_reg->eflags;
	b_reg->r_rsp = l_reg->rsp;
	b_reg->r_ss = l_reg->ss;
}

static int
linux_ptrace_peek(struct thread *td, pid_t pid, void *addr, void *data)
{
	int error;

	error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_READ_I, pid, addr, 0);
	if (error == 0)
		error = copyout(td->td_retval, data, sizeof(l_int));
	td->td_retval[0] = error;

	return (error);
}

static int
linux_ptrace_setoptions(struct thread *td, pid_t pid, l_ulong data)
{
	struct linux_pemuldata *pem;
	int mask;

	mask = 0;

	if (data & ~LINUX_PTRACE_O_MASK) {
		linux_msg(td, "unknown ptrace option %lx set; "
		    "returning EINVAL",
		    data & ~LINUX_PTRACE_O_MASK);
		return (EINVAL);
	}

	pem = pem_find(td->td_proc);
	KASSERT(pem != NULL, ("%s: proc emuldata not found.\n", __func__));

	/*
	 * PTRACE_O_EXITKILL is ignored, we do that by default.
	 */

	LINUX_PEM_XLOCK(pem);
	if (data & LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD) {
		pem->ptrace_flags |= LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD;
	} else {
		pem->ptrace_flags &= ~LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD;
	}
	LINUX_PEM_XUNLOCK(pem);

	if (data & LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEFORK)
		mask |= PTRACE_FORK;

	if (data & LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORK)
		mask |= PTRACE_VFORK;

	if (data & LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACECLONE)
		mask |= PTRACE_VFORK;

	if (data & LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEEXEC)
		mask |= PTRACE_EXEC;

	if (data & LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEVFORKDONE)
		mask |= PTRACE_VFORK; /* XXX: Close enough? */

	if (data & LINUX_PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT) {
		linux_msg(td, "PTRACE_O_TRACEEXIT not implemented; "
		    "returning EINVAL");
		return (EINVAL);
	}

	return (kern_ptrace(td, PT_SET_EVENT_MASK, pid, &mask, sizeof(mask)));
}

static int
linux_ptrace_getregs(struct thread *td, pid_t pid, void *data)
{
	struct ptrace_lwpinfo lwpinfo;
	struct reg b_reg;
	struct linux_pt_reg l_reg;
	int error;

	error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_GETREGS, pid, &b_reg, 0);
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);

	map_regs_to_linux(&b_reg, &l_reg);

	error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_LWPINFO, pid, &lwpinfo, sizeof(lwpinfo));
	if (error != 0) {
		linux_msg(td, "PT_LWPINFO failed with error %d", error);
		return (error);
	}
	if (lwpinfo.pl_flags & PL_FLAG_SCE) {
		/*
		 * The strace(1) utility depends on RAX being set to -ENOSYS
		 * on syscall entry; otherwise it loops printing those:
		 *
		 * [ Process PID=928 runs in 64 bit mode. ]
		 * [ Process PID=928 runs in x32 mode. ]
		 */
		l_reg.rax = -38; /* -ENOSYS */

		/*
		 * Undo the mangling done in exception.S:fast_syscall_common().
		 */
		l_reg.r10 = l_reg.rcx;
	}

	error = copyout(&l_reg, (void *)data, sizeof(l_reg));
	return (error);
}

static int
linux_ptrace_setregs(struct thread *td, pid_t pid, void *data)
{
	struct reg b_reg;
	struct linux_pt_reg l_reg;
	int error;

	error = copyin(data, &l_reg, sizeof(l_reg));
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);
	map_regs_from_linux(&b_reg, &l_reg);
	error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_SETREGS, pid, &b_reg, 0);
	return (error);
}

static int
linux_ptrace_getregset_prstatus(struct thread *td, pid_t pid, l_ulong data)
{
	struct ptrace_lwpinfo lwpinfo;
	struct reg b_reg;
	struct linux_pt_regset l_regset;
	struct iovec iov;
	struct pcb *pcb;
	unsigned long fsbase, gsbase;
	size_t len;
	int error;

	error = copyin((const void *)data, &iov, sizeof(iov));
	if (error != 0) {
		linux_msg(td, "copyin error %d", error);
		return (error);
	}

	error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_GETREGS, pid, &b_reg, 0);
	if (error != 0)
		return (error);

	pcb = td->td_pcb;
	if (td == curthread)
		update_pcb_bases(pcb);
	fsbase = pcb->pcb_fsbase;
	gsbase = pcb->pcb_gsbase;

	map_regs_to_linux_regset(&b_reg, fsbase, gsbase, &l_regset);

	error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_LWPINFO, pid, &lwpinfo, sizeof(lwpinfo));
	if (error != 0) {
		linux_msg(td, "PT_LWPINFO failed with error %d", error);
		return (error);
	}
	if (lwpinfo.pl_flags & PL_FLAG_SCE) {
		/*
		 * The strace(1) utility depends on RAX being set to -ENOSYS
		 * on syscall entry; otherwise it loops printing those:
		 *
		 * [ Process PID=928 runs in 64 bit mode. ]
		 * [ Process PID=928 runs in x32 mode. ]
		 */
		l_regset.rax = -38; /* -ENOSYS */

		/*
		 * Undo the mangling done in exception.S:fast_syscall_common().
		 */
		l_regset.r10 = l_regset.rcx;
	}

	len = MIN(iov.iov_len, sizeof(l_regset));
	error = copyout(&l_regset, (void *)iov.iov_base, len);
	if (error != 0) {
		linux_msg(td, "copyout error %d", error);
		return (error);
	}

	iov.iov_len -= len;
	error = copyout(&iov, (void *)data, sizeof(iov));
	if (error != 0) {
		linux_msg(td, "iov copyout error %d", error);
		return (error);
	}

	return (error);
}

static int
linux_ptrace_getregset(struct thread *td, pid_t pid, l_ulong addr, l_ulong data)
{

	switch (addr) {
	case LINUX_NT_PRSTATUS:
		return (linux_ptrace_getregset_prstatus(td, pid, data));
	default:
		linux_msg(td, "PTRACE_GETREGSET request %ld not implemented; "
		    "returning EINVAL", addr);
		return (EINVAL);
	}
}

static int
linux_ptrace_seize(struct thread *td, pid_t pid, l_ulong addr, l_ulong data)
{

	linux_msg(td, "PTRACE_SEIZE not implemented; returning EINVAL");
	return (EINVAL);
}

int
linux_ptrace(struct thread *td, struct linux_ptrace_args *uap)
{
	void *addr;
	pid_t pid;
	int error, sig;

	pid  = (pid_t)uap->pid;
	addr = (void *)uap->addr;

	switch (uap->req) {
	case LINUX_PTRACE_TRACEME:
		error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_TRACE_ME, 0, 0, 0);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_PEEKTEXT:
	case LINUX_PTRACE_PEEKDATA:
		error = linux_ptrace_peek(td, pid, addr, (void *)uap->data);
		if (error != 0)
			return (error);
		/*
		 * Linux expects this syscall to read 64 bits, not 32.
		 */
		error = linux_ptrace_peek(td, pid,
		    (void *)(uap->addr + 4), (void *)(uap->data + 4));
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_POKETEXT:
		error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_WRITE_I, pid, addr, uap->data);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_POKEDATA:
		error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_WRITE_D, pid, addr, uap->data);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_CONT:
		error = map_signum(uap->data, &sig);
		if (error != 0)
			break;
		error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_CONTINUE, pid, (void *)1, sig);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_KILL:
		error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_KILL, pid, addr, uap->data);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_SINGLESTEP:
		error = map_signum(uap->data, &sig);
		if (error != 0)
			break;
		error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_STEP, pid, (void *)1, sig);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_GETREGS:
		error = linux_ptrace_getregs(td, pid, (void *)uap->data);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_SETREGS:
		error = linux_ptrace_setregs(td, pid, (void *)uap->data);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_ATTACH:
		error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_ATTACH, pid, addr, uap->data);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_DETACH:
		error = map_signum(uap->data, &sig);
		if (error != 0)
			break;
		error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_DETACH, pid, (void *)1, sig);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_SYSCALL:
		error = map_signum(uap->data, &sig);
		if (error != 0)
			break;
		error = kern_ptrace(td, PT_SYSCALL, pid, (void *)1, sig);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_SETOPTIONS:
		error = linux_ptrace_setoptions(td, pid, uap->data);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_GETREGSET:
		error = linux_ptrace_getregset(td, pid, uap->addr, uap->data);
		break;
	case LINUX_PTRACE_SEIZE:
		error = linux_ptrace_seize(td, pid, uap->addr, uap->data);
		break;
	default:
		linux_msg(td, "ptrace(%ld, ...) not implemented; "
		    "returning EINVAL", uap->req);
		error = EINVAL;
		break;
	}

	return (error);
}