/* $FreeBSD$ */
%{
/*
* Copyright (C) 2012 by Darren Reed.
*
* See the IPFILTER.LICENCE file for details on licencing.
*
* Id: iplang_y.y,v 2.9.2.4 2006/03/17 12:11:29 darrenr Exp $
* $FreeBSD$
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#if !defined(__SVR4) && !defined(__svr4__)
# include <strings.h>
#else
# include <sys/byteorder.h>
#endif
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
# include <netinet/ip_var.h>
# include <net/route.h>
# include <netinet/if_ether.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/nameser.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <resolv.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "ipsend.h"
#include "ip_compat.h"
#include "ipf.h"
#include "iplang.h"
extern int opts;
extern struct ipopt_names ionames[];
extern int state, state, lineNum, token;
extern int yylineno;
extern char yytext[];
extern FILE *yyin;
int yylex __P((void));
#define YYDEBUG 1
int yydebug = 1;
iface_t *iflist = NULL, **iftail = &iflist;
iface_t *cifp = NULL;
arp_t *arplist = NULL, **arptail = &arplist, *carp = NULL;
struct in_addr defrouter;
send_t sending;
char *sclass = NULL;
u_short c_chksum __P((u_short *, u_int, u_long));
u_long p_chksum __P((u_short *, u_int));
u_long ipbuffer[67584/sizeof(u_long)]; /* 66K */
aniphdr_t *aniphead = NULL, *canip = NULL, **aniptail = &aniphead;
ip_t *ip = NULL;
udphdr_t *udp = NULL;
tcphdr_t *tcp = NULL;
icmphdr_t *icmp = NULL;
struct statetoopt {
int sto_st;
int sto_op;
};
struct in_addr getipv4addr __P((char *arg));
u_short getportnum __P((char *, char *));
struct ether_addr *geteaddr __P((char *, struct ether_addr *));
void *new_header __P((int));
void free_aniplist __P((void));
void inc_anipheaders __P((int));
void new_data __P((void));
void set_datalen __P((char **));
void set_datafile __P((char **));
void set_data __P((char **));
void new_packet __P((void));
void set_ipv4proto __P((char **));
void set_ipv4src __P((char **));
void set_ipv4dst __P((char **));
void set_ipv4off __P((char **));
void set_ipv4v __P((char **));
void set_ipv4hl __P((char **));
void set_ipv4ttl __P((char **));
void set_ipv4tos __P((char **));
void set_ipv4id __P((char **));
void set_ipv4sum __P((char **));
void set_ipv4len __P((char **));
void new_tcpheader __P((void));
void set_tcpsport __P((char **));
void set_tcpdport __P((char **));
void set_tcpseq __P((char **));
void set_tcpack __P((char **));
void set_tcpoff __P((char **));
void set_tcpurp __P((char **));
void set_tcpwin __P((char **));
void set_tcpsum __P((char **));
void set_tcpflags __P((char **));
void set_tcpopt __P((int, char **));
void end_tcpopt __P((void));
void new_udpheader __P((void));
void set_udplen __P((char **));
void set_udpsum __P((char **));
void prep_packet __P((void));
void packet_done __P((void));
void new_interface __P((void));
void check_interface __P((void));
void set_ifname __P((char **));
void set_ifmtu __P((int));
void set_ifv4addr __P((char **));
void set_ifeaddr __P((char **));
void new_arp __P((void));
void set_arpeaddr __P((char **));
void set_arpv4addr __P((char **));
void reset_send __P((void));
void set_sendif __P((char **));
void set_sendvia __P((char **));
void set_defaultrouter __P((char **));
void new_icmpheader __P((void));
void set_icmpcode __P((int));
void set_icmptype __P((int));
void set_icmpcodetok __P((char **));
void set_icmptypetok __P((char **));
void set_icmpid __P((int));
void set_icmpseq __P((int));
void set_icmpotime __P((int));
void set_icmprtime __P((int));
void set_icmpttime __P((int));
void set_icmpmtu __P((int));
void set_redir __P((int, char **));
void new_ipv4opt __P((void));
void set_icmppprob __P((int));
void add_ipopt __P((int, void *));
void end_ipopt __P((void));
void set_secclass __P((char **));
void free_anipheader __P((void));
void end_ipv4 __P((void));
void end_icmp __P((void));
void end_udp __P((void));
void end_tcp __P((void));
void end_data __P((void));
void yyerror __P((char *));
void iplang __P((FILE *));
int arp_getipv4 __P((char *, char *));
int yyparse __P((void));
%}
%union {
char *str;
int num;
}
%token <num> IL_NUMBER
%type <num> number digits optnumber
%token <str> IL_TOKEN
%type <str> token optoken
%token IL_HEXDIGIT IL_COLON IL_DOT IL_EOF IL_COMMENT
%token IL_INTERFACE IL_IFNAME IL_MTU IL_EADDR
%token IL_IPV4 IL_V4PROTO IL_V4SRC IL_V4DST IL_V4OFF IL_V4V IL_V4HL IL_V4TTL
%token IL_V4TOS IL_V4SUM IL_V4LEN IL_V4OPT IL_V4ID
%token IL_TCP IL_SPORT IL_DPORT IL_TCPFL IL_TCPSEQ IL_TCPACK IL_TCPOFF
%token IL_TCPWIN IL_TCPSUM IL_TCPURP IL_TCPOPT IL_TCPO_NOP IL_TCPO_EOL
%token IL_TCPO_MSS IL_TCPO_WSCALE IL_TCPO_TS
%token IL_UDP IL_UDPLEN IL_UDPSUM
%token IL_ICMP IL_ICMPTYPE IL_ICMPCODE
%token IL_SEND IL_VIA
%token IL_ARP
%token IL_DEFROUTER
%token IL_SUM IL_OFF IL_LEN IL_V4ADDR IL_OPT
%token IL_DATA IL_DLEN IL_DVALUE IL_DFILE
%token IL_IPO_NOP IL_IPO_RR IL_IPO_ZSU IL_IPO_MTUP IL_IPO_MTUR IL_IPO_EOL
%token IL_IPO_TS IL_IPO_TR IL_IPO_SEC IL_IPO_LSRR IL_IPO_ESEC
%token IL_IPO_SATID IL_IPO_SSRR IL_IPO_ADDEXT IL_IPO_VISA IL_IPO_IMITD
%token IL_IPO_EIP IL_IPO_FINN IL_IPO_SECCLASS IL_IPO_CIPSO IL_IPO_ENCODE
%token <str> IL_IPS_RESERV4 IL_IPS_TOPSECRET IL_IPS_SECRET IL_IPS_RESERV3
%token <str> IL_IPS_CONFID IL_IPS_UNCLASS IL_IPS_RESERV2 IL_IPS_RESERV1
%token IL_ICMP_ECHOREPLY IL_ICMP_UNREACH IL_ICMP_UNREACH_NET
%token IL_ICMP_UNREACH_HOST IL_ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL IL_ICMP_UNREACH_PORT
%token IL_ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG IL_ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL
%token IL_ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN IL_ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN
%token IL_ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED IL_ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB
%token IL_ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB IL_ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET
%token IL_ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST IL_ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB
%token IL_ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE IL_ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF
%token IL_ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH IL_ICMP_REDIRECT IL_ICMP_REDIRECT_NET
%token IL_ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST IL_ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET
%token IL_ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST IL_ICMP_ECHO IL_ICMP_ROUTERADVERT
%token IL_ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT IL_ICMP_TIMXCEED IL_ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS
%token IL_ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS IL_ICMP_PARAMPROB IL_ICMP_PARAMPROB_OPTABSENT
%token IL_ICMP_TSTAMP IL_ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY IL_ICMP_IREQ IL_ICMP_IREQREPLY
%token IL_ICMP_MASKREQ IL_ICMP_MASKREPLY IL_ICMP_SEQ IL_ICMP_ID
%token IL_ICMP_OTIME IL_ICMP_RTIME IL_ICMP_TTIME
%%
file: line
| line file
| IL_COMMENT
| IL_COMMENT file
;
line: iface
| arp
| send
| defrouter
| ipline
;
iface: ifhdr '{' ifaceopts '}' ';' { check_interface(); }
;
ifhdr: IL_INTERFACE { new_interface(); }
;
ifaceopts:
ifaceopt
| ifaceopt ifaceopts
;
ifaceopt:
IL_IFNAME token { set_ifname(&$2); }
| IL_MTU number { set_ifmtu($2); }
| IL_V4ADDR token { set_ifv4addr(&$2); }
| IL_EADDR token { set_ifeaddr(&$2); }
;
send: sendhdr '{' sendbody '}' ';' { packet_done(); }
| sendhdr ';' { packet_done(); }
;
sendhdr:
IL_SEND { reset_send(); }
;
sendbody:
sendopt
| sendbody sendopt
;
sendopt:
IL_IFNAME token { set_sendif(&$2); }
| IL_VIA token { set_sendvia(&$2); }
;
arp: arphdr '{' arpbody '}' ';'
;
arphdr: IL_ARP { new_arp(); }
;
arpbody:
arpopt
| arpbody arpopt
;
arpopt: IL_V4ADDR token { set_arpv4addr(&$2); }
| IL_EADDR token { set_arpeaddr(&$2); }
;
defrouter:
IL_DEFROUTER token { set_defaultrouter(&$2); }
;
bodyline:
ipline
| tcp tcpline
| udp udpline
| icmp icmpline
| data dataline
;
ipline: ipv4 '{' ipv4body '}' ';' { end_ipv4(); }
;
ipv4: IL_IPV4 { new_packet(); }
ipv4body:
ipv4type
| ipv4type ipv4body
| bodyline
;
ipv4type:
IL_V4PROTO token { set_ipv4proto(&$2); }
| IL_V4SRC token { set_ipv4src(&$2); }
| IL_V4DST token { set_ipv4dst(&$2); }
| IL_V4OFF token { set_ipv4off(&$2); }
| IL_V4V token { set_ipv4v(&$2); }
| IL_V4HL token { set_ipv4hl(&$2); }
| IL_V4ID token { set_ipv4id(&$2); }
| IL_V4TTL token { set_ipv4ttl(&$2); }
| IL_V4TOS token { set_ipv4tos(&$2); }
| IL_V4SUM token { set_ipv4sum(&$2); }
| IL_V4LEN token { set_ipv4len(&$2); }
| ipv4opt '{' ipv4optlist '}' ';' { end_ipopt(); }
;
tcp: IL_TCP { new_tcpheader(); }
;
tcpline:
'{' tcpheader '}' ';' { end_tcp(); }
;
tcpheader:
tcpbody
| tcpbody tcpheader
| bodyline
;
tcpbody:
IL_SPORT token { set_tcpsport(&$2); }
| IL_DPORT token { set_tcpdport(&$2); }
| IL_TCPSEQ token { set_tcpseq(&$2); }
| IL_TCPACK token { set_tcpack(&$2); }
| IL_TCPOFF token { set_tcpoff(&$2); }
| IL_TCPURP token { set_tcpurp(&$2); }
| IL_TCPWIN token { set_tcpwin(&$2); }
| IL_TCPSUM token { set_tcpsum(&$2); }
| IL_TCPFL token { set_tcpflags(&$2); }
| IL_TCPOPT '{' tcpopts '}' ';' { end_tcpopt(); }
;
tcpopts:
| tcpopt tcpopts
;
tcpopt: IL_TCPO_NOP ';' { set_tcpopt(IL_TCPO_NOP, NULL); }
| IL_TCPO_EOL ';' { set_tcpopt(IL_TCPO_EOL, NULL); }
| IL_TCPO_MSS optoken { set_tcpopt(IL_TCPO_MSS,&$2);}
| IL_TCPO_WSCALE optoken { set_tcpopt(IL_TCPO_WSCALE,&$2);}
| IL_TCPO_TS optoken { set_tcpopt(IL_TCPO_TS, &$2);}
;
udp: IL_UDP { new_udpheader(); }
;
udpline:
'{' udpheader '}' ';' { end_udp(); }
;
udpheader:
udpbody
| udpbody udpheader
| bodyline
;
udpbody:
IL_SPORT token { set_tcpsport(&$2); }
| IL_DPORT token { set_tcpdport(&$2); }
| IL_UDPLEN token { set_udplen(&$2); }
| IL_UDPSUM token { set_udpsum(&$2); }
;
icmp: IL_ICMP { new_icmpheader(); }
;
icmpline:
'{' icmpbody '}' ';' { end_icmp(); }
;
icmpbody:
icmpheader
| icmpheader bodyline
;
icmpheader:
IL_ICMPTYPE icmptype
| IL_ICMPTYPE icmptype icmpcode
;
icmpcode:
IL_ICMPCODE token { set_icmpcodetok(&$2); }
;
icmptype:
IL_ICMP_ECHOREPLY ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_ECHOREPLY); }
| IL_ICMP_ECHOREPLY '{' icmpechoopts '}' ';'
| unreach
| IL_ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH); }
| redirect
| IL_ICMP_ROUTERADVERT ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_ROUTERADVERT); }
| IL_ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT); }
| IL_ICMP_ECHO ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_ECHO); }
| IL_ICMP_ECHO '{' icmpechoopts '}' ';'
| IL_ICMP_TIMXCEED ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_TIMXCEED); }
| IL_ICMP_TIMXCEED '{' exceed '}' ';'
| IL_ICMP_TSTAMP ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_TSTAMP); }
| IL_ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY); }
| IL_ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY '{' icmptsopts '}' ';'
| IL_ICMP_IREQ ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_IREQ); }
| IL_ICMP_IREQREPLY ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_IREQREPLY); }
| IL_ICMP_IREQREPLY '{' data dataline '}' ';'
| IL_ICMP_MASKREQ ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_MASKREQ); }
| IL_ICMP_MASKREPLY ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_MASKREPLY); }
| IL_ICMP_MASKREPLY '{' token '}' ';'
| IL_ICMP_PARAMPROB ';' { set_icmptype(ICMP_PARAMPROB); }
| IL_ICMP_PARAMPROB '{' paramprob '}' ';'
| IL_TOKEN ';' { set_icmptypetok(&$1); }
;
icmpechoopts:
| icmpechoopts icmpecho
;
icmpecho:
IL_ICMP_SEQ number { set_icmpseq($2); }
| IL_ICMP_ID number { set_icmpid($2); }
;
icmptsopts:
| icmptsopts icmpts ';'
;
icmpts: IL_ICMP_OTIME number { set_icmpotime($2); }
| IL_ICMP_RTIME number { set_icmprtime($2); }
| IL_ICMP_TTIME number { set_icmpttime($2); }
;
unreach:
IL_ICMP_UNREACH
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH '{' unreachopts '}' ';'
;
unreachopts:
IL_ICMP_UNREACH_NET line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_HOST line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_PORT line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG number ';' { set_icmpmtu($2); }
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE line
| IL_ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF line
;
redirect:
IL_ICMP_REDIRECT
| IL_ICMP_REDIRECT '{' redirectopts '}' ';'
;
redirectopts:
| IL_ICMP_REDIRECT_NET token { set_redir(0, &$2); }
| IL_ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST token { set_redir(1, &$2); }
| IL_ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET token { set_redir(2, &$2); }
| IL_ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST token { set_redir(3, &$2); }
;
exceed:
IL_ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS line
| IL_ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS line
;
paramprob:
IL_ICMP_PARAMPROB_OPTABSENT
| IL_ICMP_PARAMPROB_OPTABSENT paraprobarg
paraprobarg:
'{' number '}' ';' { set_icmppprob($2); }
;
ipv4opt: IL_V4OPT { new_ipv4opt(); }
;
ipv4optlist:
| ipv4opts ipv4optlist
;
ipv4opts:
IL_IPO_NOP ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_NOP, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_RR optnumber { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_RR, &$2); }
| IL_IPO_ZSU ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_ZSU, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_MTUP ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_MTUP, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_MTUR ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_MTUR, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_ENCODE ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_ENCODE, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_TS ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_TS, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_TR ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_TR, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_SEC ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_SEC, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_SECCLASS secclass { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_SECCLASS, sclass); }
| IL_IPO_LSRR token { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_LSRR,&$2); }
| IL_IPO_ESEC ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_ESEC, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_CIPSO ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_CIPSO, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_SATID optnumber { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_SATID,&$2);}
| IL_IPO_SSRR token { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_SSRR,&$2); }
| IL_IPO_ADDEXT ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_ADDEXT, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_VISA ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_VISA, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_IMITD ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_IMITD, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_EIP ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_EIP, NULL); }
| IL_IPO_FINN ';' { add_ipopt(IL_IPO_FINN, NULL); }
;
secclass:
IL_IPS_RESERV4 ';' { set_secclass(&$1); }
| IL_IPS_TOPSECRET ';' { set_secclass(&$1); }
| IL_IPS_SECRET ';' { set_secclass(&$1); }
| IL_IPS_RESERV3 ';' { set_secclass(&$1); }
| IL_IPS_CONFID ';' { set_secclass(&$1); }
| IL_IPS_UNCLASS ';' { set_secclass(&$1); }
| IL_IPS_RESERV2 ';' { set_secclass(&$1); }
| IL_IPS_RESERV1 ';' { set_secclass(&$1); }
;
data: IL_DATA { new_data(); }
;
dataline:
'{' databody '}' ';' { end_data(); }
;
databody: dataopts
| dataopts databody
;
dataopts:
IL_DLEN token { set_datalen(&$2); }
| IL_DVALUE token { set_data(&$2); }
| IL_DFILE token { set_datafile(&$2); }
;
token: IL_TOKEN ';'
;
optoken: ';' { $$ = ""; }
| token
;
number: digits ';'
;
optnumber: ';' { $$ = 0; }
| number
;
digits: IL_NUMBER
| digits IL_NUMBER
;
%%
struct statetoopt toipopts[] = {
{ IL_IPO_NOP, IPOPT_NOP },
{ IL_IPO_RR, IPOPT_RR },
{ IL_IPO_ZSU, IPOPT_ZSU },
{ IL_IPO_MTUP, IPOPT_MTUP },
{ IL_IPO_MTUR, IPOPT_MTUR },
{ IL_IPO_ENCODE, IPOPT_ENCODE },
{ IL_IPO_TS, IPOPT_TS },
{ IL_IPO_TR, IPOPT_TR },
{ IL_IPO_SEC, IPOPT_SECURITY },
{ IL_IPO_SECCLASS, IPOPT_SECURITY },
{ IL_IPO_LSRR, IPOPT_LSRR },
{ IL_IPO_ESEC, IPOPT_E_SEC },
{ IL_IPO_CIPSO, IPOPT_CIPSO },
{ IL_IPO_SATID, IPOPT_SATID },
{ IL_IPO_SSRR, IPOPT_SSRR },
{ IL_IPO_ADDEXT, IPOPT_ADDEXT },
{ IL_IPO_VISA, IPOPT_VISA },
{ IL_IPO_IMITD, IPOPT_IMITD },
{ IL_IPO_EIP, IPOPT_EIP },
{ IL_IPO_FINN, IPOPT_FINN },
{ 0, 0 }
};
struct statetoopt tosecopts[] = {
{ IL_IPS_RESERV4, IPSO_CLASS_RES4 },
{ IL_IPS_TOPSECRET, IPSO_CLASS_TOPS },
{ IL_IPS_SECRET, IPSO_CLASS_SECR },
{ IL_IPS_RESERV3, IPSO_CLASS_RES3 },
{ IL_IPS_CONFID, IPSO_CLASS_CONF },
{ IL_IPS_UNCLASS, IPSO_CLASS_UNCL },
{ IL_IPS_RESERV2, IPSO_CLASS_RES2 },
{ IL_IPS_RESERV1, IPSO_CLASS_RES1 },
{ 0, 0 }
};
struct in_addr getipv4addr(arg)
char *arg;
{
struct hostent *hp;
struct in_addr in;
in.s_addr = 0xffffffff;
if ((hp = gethostbyname(arg)))
bcopy(hp->h_addr, &in.s_addr, sizeof(struct in_addr));
else
in.s_addr = inet_addr(arg);
return in;
}
u_short getportnum(pr, name)
char *pr, *name;
{
struct servent *sp;
if (!(sp = getservbyname(name, pr)))
return htons(atoi(name));
return sp->s_port;
}
struct ether_addr *geteaddr(arg, buf)
char *arg;
struct ether_addr *buf;
{
struct ether_addr *e;
e = ether_aton(arg);
if (!e)
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid ethernet address: %s\n", arg);
else
# ifdef __FreeBSD__
bcopy(e->octet, buf->octet, sizeof(e->octet));
# else
bcopy(e->ether_addr_octet, buf->ether_addr_octet,
sizeof(e->ether_addr_octet));
# endif
return e;
}
void *new_header(type)
int type;
{
aniphdr_t *aip, *oip = canip;
int sz = 0;
aip = (aniphdr_t *)calloc(1, sizeof(*aip));
*aniptail = aip;
aniptail = &aip->ah_next;
aip->ah_p = type;
aip->ah_prev = oip;
canip = aip;
if (type == IPPROTO_UDP)
sz = sizeof(udphdr_t);
else if (type == IPPROTO_TCP)
sz = sizeof(tcphdr_t);
else if (type == IPPROTO_ICMP)
sz = sizeof(icmphdr_t);
else if (type == IPPROTO_IP)
sz = sizeof(ip_t);
if (oip)
canip->ah_data = oip->ah_data + oip->ah_len;
else
canip->ah_data = (char *)ipbuffer;
/*
* Increase the size fields in all wrapping headers.
*/
for (aip = aniphead; aip; aip = aip->ah_next) {
aip->ah_len += sz;
if (aip->ah_p == IPPROTO_IP)
aip->ah_ip->ip_len += sz;
else if (aip->ah_p == IPPROTO_UDP)
aip->ah_udp->uh_ulen += sz;
}
return (void *)canip->ah_data;
}
void free_aniplist()
{
aniphdr_t *aip, **aipp = &aniphead;
while ((aip = *aipp)) {
*aipp = aip->ah_next;
free(aip);
}
aniptail = &aniphead;
}
void inc_anipheaders(inc)
int inc;
{
aniphdr_t *aip;
for (aip = aniphead; aip; aip = aip->ah_next) {
aip->ah_len += inc;
if (aip->ah_p == IPPROTO_IP)
aip->ah_ip->ip_len += inc;
else if (aip->ah_p == IPPROTO_UDP)
aip->ah_udp->uh_ulen += inc;
}
}
void new_data()
{
(void) new_header(-1);
canip->ah_len = 0;
}
void set_datalen(arg)
char **arg;
{
int len;
len = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
inc_anipheaders(len);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_data(arg)
char **arg;
{
u_char *s = (u_char *)*arg, *t = (u_char *)canip->ah_data, c;
int len = 0, todo = 0, quote = 0, val = 0;
while ((c = *s++)) {
if (todo) {
if (ISDIGIT(c)) {
todo--;
if (c > '7') {
fprintf(stderr, "octal with %c!\n", c);
break;
}
val <<= 3;
val |= (c - '0');
}
if (!ISDIGIT(c) || !todo) {
*t++ = (u_char)(val & 0xff);
todo = 0;
}
if (todo)
continue;
}
if (quote) {
if (ISDIGIT(c)) {
todo = 2;
if (c > '7') {
fprintf(stderr, "octal with %c!\n", c);
break;
}
val = (c - '0');
} else {
switch (c)
{
case '\"' :
*t++ = '\"';
break;
case '\\' :
*t++ = '\\';
break;
case 'n' :
*t++ = '\n';
break;
case 'r' :
*t++ = '\r';
break;
case 't' :
*t++ = '\t';
break;
}
}
quote = 0;
continue;
}
if (c == '\\')
quote = 1;
else
*t++ = c;
}
if (todo)
*t++ = (u_char)(val & 0xff);
if (quote)
*t++ = '\\';
len = t - (u_char *)canip->ah_data;
inc_anipheaders(len - canip->ah_len);
canip->ah_len = len;
}
void set_datafile(arg)
char **arg;
{
struct stat sb;
char *file = *arg;
int fd, len;
if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
perror("open");
exit(-1);
}
if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1) {
perror("fstat");
exit(-1);
}
if ((sb.st_size + aniphead->ah_len ) > 65535) {
fprintf(stderr, "data file %s too big to include.\n", file);
close(fd);
return;
}
if ((len = read(fd, canip->ah_data, sb.st_size)) == -1) {
perror("read");
close(fd);
return;
}
inc_anipheaders(len);
canip->ah_len += len;
close(fd);
}
void new_packet()
{
static u_short id = 0;
if (!aniphead)
bzero((char *)ipbuffer, sizeof(ipbuffer));
ip = (ip_t *)new_header(IPPROTO_IP);
ip->ip_v = IPVERSION;
ip->ip_hl = sizeof(ip_t) >> 2;
ip->ip_len = sizeof(ip_t);
ip->ip_ttl = 63;
ip->ip_id = htons(id++);
}
void set_ipv4proto(arg)
char **arg;
{
struct protoent *pr;
if ((pr = getprotobyname(*arg)))
ip->ip_p = pr->p_proto;
else
if (!(ip->ip_p = atoi(*arg)))
fprintf(stderr, "unknown protocol %s\n", *arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4src(arg)
char **arg;
{
ip->ip_src = getipv4addr(*arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4dst(arg)
char **arg;
{
ip->ip_dst = getipv4addr(*arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4off(arg)
char **arg;
{
ip->ip_off = htons(strtol(*arg, NULL, 0));
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4v(arg)
char **arg;
{
ip->ip_v = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4hl(arg)
char **arg;
{
int newhl, inc;
newhl = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
inc = (newhl - ip->ip_hl) << 2;
ip->ip_len += inc;
ip->ip_hl = newhl;
canip->ah_len += inc;
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4ttl(arg)
char **arg;
{
ip->ip_ttl = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4tos(arg)
char **arg;
{
ip->ip_tos = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4id(arg)
char **arg;
{
ip->ip_id = htons(strtol(*arg, NULL, 0));
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4sum(arg)
char **arg;
{
ip->ip_sum = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ipv4len(arg)
char **arg;
{
int len;
len = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
inc_anipheaders(len - ip->ip_len);
ip->ip_len = len;
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void new_tcpheader()
{
if ((ip->ip_p) && (ip->ip_p != IPPROTO_TCP)) {
fprintf(stderr, "protocol %d specified with TCP!\n", ip->ip_p);
return;
}
ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_TCP;
tcp = (tcphdr_t *)new_header(IPPROTO_TCP);
tcp->th_win = htons(4096);
tcp->th_off = sizeof(*tcp) >> 2;
}
void set_tcpsport(arg)
char **arg;
{
u_short *port;
char *pr;
if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) {
port = &udp->uh_sport;
pr = "udp";
} else {
port = &tcp->th_sport;
pr = "udp";
}
*port = getportnum(pr, *arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_tcpdport(arg)
char **arg;
{
u_short *port;
char *pr;
if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) {
port = &udp->uh_dport;
pr = "udp";
} else {
port = &tcp->th_dport;
pr = "udp";
}
*port = getportnum(pr, *arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_tcpseq(arg)
char **arg;
{
tcp->th_seq = htonl(strtol(*arg, NULL, 0));
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_tcpack(arg)
char **arg;
{
tcp->th_ack = htonl(strtol(*arg, NULL, 0));
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_tcpoff(arg)
char **arg;
{
int off;
off = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
inc_anipheaders((off - tcp->th_off) << 2);
tcp->th_off = off;
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_tcpurp(arg)
char **arg;
{
tcp->th_urp = htons(strtol(*arg, NULL, 0));
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_tcpwin(arg)
char **arg;
{
tcp->th_win = htons(strtol(*arg, NULL, 0));
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_tcpsum(arg)
char **arg;
{
tcp->th_sum = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_tcpflags(arg)
char **arg;
{
static char flags[] = "ASURPF";
static int flagv[] = { TH_ACK, TH_SYN, TH_URG, TH_RST, TH_PUSH,
TH_FIN } ;
char *s, *t;
for (s = *arg; *s; s++)
if (!(t = strchr(flags, *s))) {
if (s - *arg) {
fprintf(stderr, "unknown TCP flag %c\n", *s);
break;
}
tcp->th_flags = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
break;
} else
tcp->th_flags |= flagv[t - flags];
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_tcpopt(state, arg)
int state;
char **arg;
{
u_char *s;
int val, len, val2, pad, optval;
if (arg && *arg)
val = atoi(*arg);
else
val = 0;
s = (u_char *)tcp + sizeof(*tcp) + canip->ah_optlen;
switch (state)
{
case IL_TCPO_EOL :
optval = 0;
len = 1;
break;
case IL_TCPO_NOP :
optval = 1;
len = 1;
break;
case IL_TCPO_MSS :
optval = 2;
len = 4;
break;
case IL_TCPO_WSCALE :
optval = 3;
len = 3;
break;
case IL_TCPO_TS :
optval = 8;
len = 10;
break;
default :
optval = 0;
len = 0;
break;
}
if (len > 1) {
/*
* prepend padding - if required.
*/
if (len & 3)
for (pad = 4 - (len & 3); pad; pad--) {
*s++ = 1;
canip->ah_optlen++;
}
/*
* build tcp option
*/
*s++ = (u_char)optval;
*s++ = (u_char)len;
if (len > 2) {
if (len == 3) { /* 1 byte - char */
*s++ = (u_char)val;
} else if (len == 4) { /* 2 bytes - short */
*s++ = (u_char)((val >> 8) & 0xff);
*s++ = (u_char)(val & 0xff);
} else if (len >= 6) { /* 4 bytes - long */
val2 = htonl(val);
bcopy((char *)&val2, s, 4);
}
s += (len - 2);
}
} else
*s++ = (u_char)optval;
canip->ah_lastopt = optval;
canip->ah_optlen += len;
if (arg && *arg) {
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
}
void end_tcpopt()
{
int pad;
char *s = (char *)tcp;
s += sizeof(*tcp) + canip->ah_optlen;
/*
* pad out so that we have a multiple of 4 bytes in size fo the
* options. make sure last byte is EOL.
*/
if (canip->ah_optlen & 3) {
if (canip->ah_lastopt != 1) {
for (pad = 3 - (canip->ah_optlen & 3); pad; pad--) {
*s++ = 1;
canip->ah_optlen++;
}
canip->ah_optlen++;
} else {
s -= 1;
for (pad = 3 - (canip->ah_optlen & 3); pad; pad--) {
*s++ = 1;
canip->ah_optlen++;
}
}
*s++ = 0;
}
tcp->th_off = (sizeof(*tcp) + canip->ah_optlen) >> 2;
inc_anipheaders(canip->ah_optlen);
}
void new_udpheader()
{
if ((ip->ip_p) && (ip->ip_p != IPPROTO_UDP)) {
fprintf(stderr, "protocol %d specified with UDP!\n", ip->ip_p);
return;
}
ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_UDP;
udp = (udphdr_t *)new_header(IPPROTO_UDP);
udp->uh_ulen = sizeof(*udp);
}
void set_udplen(arg)
char **arg;
{
int len;
len = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
inc_anipheaders(len - udp->uh_ulen);
udp->uh_ulen = len;
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_udpsum(arg)
char **arg;
{
udp->uh_sum = strtol(*arg, NULL, 0);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void prep_packet()
{
iface_t *ifp;
struct in_addr gwip;
ifp = sending.snd_if;
if (!ifp) {
fprintf(stderr, "no interface defined for sending!\n");
return;
}
if (ifp->if_fd == -1)
ifp->if_fd = initdevice(ifp->if_name, 5);
gwip = sending.snd_gw;
if (!gwip.s_addr) {
if (aniphead == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"no destination address defined for sending\n");
return;
}
gwip = aniphead->ah_ip->ip_dst;
}
(void) send_ip(ifp->if_fd, ifp->if_MTU, (ip_t *)ipbuffer, gwip, 2);
}
void packet_done()
{
char outline[80];
int i, j, k;
u_char *s = (u_char *)ipbuffer, *t = (u_char *)outline;
if (opts & OPT_VERBOSE) {
ip->ip_len = htons(ip->ip_len);
for (i = ntohs(ip->ip_len), j = 0; i; i--, j++, s++) {
if (j && !(j & 0xf)) {
*t++ = '\n';
*t = '\0';
fputs(outline, stdout);
fflush(stdout);
t = (u_char *)outline;
*t = '\0';
}
sprintf((char *)t, "%02x", *s & 0xff);
t += 2;
if (!((j + 1) & 0xf)) {
s -= 15;
sprintf((char *)t, " ");
t += 8;
for (k = 16; k; k--, s++)
*t++ = (isprint(*s) ? *s : '.');
s--;
}
if ((j + 1) & 0xf)
*t++ = ' ';;
}
if (j & 0xf) {
for (k = 16 - (j & 0xf); k; k--) {
*t++ = ' ';
*t++ = ' ';
*t++ = ' ';
}
sprintf((char *)t, " ");
t += 7;
s -= j & 0xf;
for (k = j & 0xf; k; k--, s++)
*t++ = (isprint(*s) ? *s : '.');
*t++ = '\n';
*t = '\0';
}
fputs(outline, stdout);
fflush(stdout);
ip->ip_len = ntohs(ip->ip_len);
}
prep_packet();
free_aniplist();
}
void new_interface()
{
cifp = (iface_t *)calloc(1, sizeof(iface_t));
*iftail = cifp;
iftail = &cifp->if_next;
cifp->if_fd = -1;
}
void check_interface()
{
if (!cifp->if_name || !*cifp->if_name)
fprintf(stderr, "No interface name given!\n");
if (!cifp->if_MTU || !*cifp->if_name)
fprintf(stderr, "Interface %s has an MTU of 0!\n",
cifp->if_name);
}
void set_ifname(arg)
char **arg;
{
cifp->if_name = *arg;
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ifmtu(arg)
int arg;
{
cifp->if_MTU = arg;
}
void set_ifv4addr(arg)
char **arg;
{
cifp->if_addr = getipv4addr(*arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_ifeaddr(arg)
char **arg;
{
(void) geteaddr(*arg, &cifp->if_eaddr);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void new_arp()
{
carp = (arp_t *)calloc(1, sizeof(arp_t));
*arptail = carp;
arptail = &carp->arp_next;
}
void set_arpeaddr(arg)
char **arg;
{
(void) geteaddr(*arg, &carp->arp_eaddr);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_arpv4addr(arg)
char **arg;
{
carp->arp_addr = getipv4addr(*arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
int arp_getipv4(ip, addr)
char *ip;
char *addr;
{
arp_t *a;
for (a = arplist; a; a = a->arp_next)
if (!bcmp(ip, (char *)&a->arp_addr, 4)) {
bcopy((char *)&a->arp_eaddr, addr, 6);
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
void reset_send()
{
sending.snd_if = iflist;
sending.snd_gw = defrouter;
}
void set_sendif(arg)
char **arg;
{
iface_t *ifp;
for (ifp = iflist; ifp; ifp = ifp->if_next)
if (ifp->if_name && !strcmp(ifp->if_name, *arg))
break;
sending.snd_if = ifp;
if (!ifp)
fprintf(stderr, "couldn't find interface %s\n", *arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_sendvia(arg)
char **arg;
{
sending.snd_gw = getipv4addr(*arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_defaultrouter(arg)
char **arg;
{
defrouter = getipv4addr(*arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void new_icmpheader()
{
if ((ip->ip_p) && (ip->ip_p != IPPROTO_ICMP)) {
fprintf(stderr, "protocol %d specified with ICMP!\n",
ip->ip_p);
return;
}
ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
icmp = (icmphdr_t *)new_header(IPPROTO_ICMP);
}
void set_icmpcode(code)
int code;
{
icmp->icmp_code = code;
}
void set_icmptype(type)
int type;
{
icmp->icmp_type = type;
}
void set_icmpcodetok(code)
char **code;
{
char *s;
int i;
for (i = 0; (s = icmpcodes[i]); i++)
if (!strcmp(s, *code)) {
icmp->icmp_code = i;
break;
}
if (!s)
fprintf(stderr, "unknown ICMP code %s\n", *code);
free(*code);
*code = NULL;
}
void set_icmptypetok(type)
char **type;
{
char *s;
int i, done = 0;
for (i = 0; !(s = icmptypes[i]) || strcmp(s, "END"); i++)
if (s && !strcmp(s, *type)) {
icmp->icmp_type = i;
done = 1;
break;
}
if (!done)
fprintf(stderr, "unknown ICMP type %s\n", *type);
free(*type);
*type = NULL;
}
void set_icmpid(arg)
int arg;
{
icmp->icmp_id = htons(arg);
}
void set_icmpseq(arg)
int arg;
{
icmp->icmp_seq = htons(arg);
}
void set_icmpotime(arg)
int arg;
{
icmp->icmp_otime = htonl(arg);
}
void set_icmprtime(arg)
int arg;
{
icmp->icmp_rtime = htonl(arg);
}
void set_icmpttime(arg)
int arg;
{
icmp->icmp_ttime = htonl(arg);
}
void set_icmpmtu(arg)
int arg;
{
icmp->icmp_nextmtu = htons(arg);
}
void set_redir(redir, arg)
int redir;
char **arg;
{
icmp->icmp_code = redir;
icmp->icmp_gwaddr = getipv4addr(*arg);
free(*arg);
*arg = NULL;
}
void set_icmppprob(num)
int num;
{
icmp->icmp_pptr = num;
}
void new_ipv4opt()
{
new_header(-2);
}
void add_ipopt(state, ptr)
int state;
void *ptr;
{
struct ipopt_names *io;
struct statetoopt *sto;
char numbuf[16], *arg, **param = ptr;
int inc, hlen;
if (state == IL_IPO_RR || state == IL_IPO_SATID) {
if (param)
sprintf(numbuf, "%d", *(int *)param);
else
strcpy(numbuf, "0");
arg = numbuf;
} else
arg = param ? *param : NULL;
if (canip->ah_next) {
fprintf(stderr, "cannot specify options after data body\n");
return;
}
for (sto = toipopts; sto->sto_st; sto++)
if (sto->sto_st == state)
break;
if (!sto->sto_st) {
fprintf(stderr, "No mapping for state %d to IP option\n",
state);
return;
}
hlen = sizeof(ip_t) + canip->ah_optlen;
for (io = ionames; io->on_name; io++)
if (io->on_value == sto->sto_op)
break;
canip->ah_lastopt = io->on_value;
if (io->on_name) {
inc = addipopt((char *)ip + hlen, io, hlen - sizeof(ip_t),arg);
if (inc > 0) {
while (inc & 3) {
((char *)ip)[sizeof(*ip) + inc] = IPOPT_NOP;
canip->ah_lastopt = IPOPT_NOP;
inc++;
}
hlen += inc;
}
}
canip->ah_optlen = hlen - sizeof(ip_t);
if (state != IL_IPO_RR && state != IL_IPO_SATID)
if (param && *param) {
free(*param);
*param = NULL;
}
sclass = NULL;
}
void end_ipopt()
{
int pad;
char *s, *buf = (char *)ip;
/*
* pad out so that we have a multiple of 4 bytes in size fo the
* options. make sure last byte is EOL.
*/
if (canip->ah_lastopt == IPOPT_NOP) {
buf[sizeof(*ip) + canip->ah_optlen - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
} else if (canip->ah_lastopt != IPOPT_EOL) {
s = buf + sizeof(*ip) + canip->ah_optlen;
for (pad = 3 - (canip->ah_optlen & 3); pad; pad--) {
*s++ = IPOPT_NOP;
*s = IPOPT_EOL;
canip->ah_optlen++;
}
canip->ah_optlen++;
} else {
s = buf + sizeof(*ip) + canip->ah_optlen - 1;
for (pad = 3 - (canip->ah_optlen & 3); pad; pad--) {
*s++ = IPOPT_NOP;
*s = IPOPT_EOL;
canip->ah_optlen++;
}
}
ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(*ip) + canip->ah_optlen) >> 2;
inc_anipheaders(canip->ah_optlen);
free_anipheader();
}
void set_secclass(arg)
char **arg;
{
sclass = *arg;
*arg = NULL;
}
void free_anipheader()
{
aniphdr_t *aip;
aip = canip;
if ((canip = aip->ah_prev)) {
canip->ah_next = NULL;
aniptail = &canip->ah_next;
}
if (canip)
free(aip);
}
void end_ipv4()
{
aniphdr_t *aip;
ip->ip_sum = 0;
ip->ip_len = htons(ip->ip_len);
ip->ip_sum = chksum((u_short *)ip, ip->ip_hl << 2);
ip->ip_len = ntohs(ip->ip_len);
free_anipheader();
for (aip = aniphead, ip = NULL; aip; aip = aip->ah_next)
if (aip->ah_p == IPPROTO_IP)
ip = aip->ah_ip;
}
void end_icmp()
{
aniphdr_t *aip;
icmp->icmp_cksum = 0;
icmp->icmp_cksum = chksum((u_short *)icmp, canip->ah_len);
free_anipheader();
for (aip = aniphead, icmp = NULL; aip; aip = aip->ah_next)
if (aip->ah_p == IPPROTO_ICMP)
icmp = aip->ah_icmp;
}
void end_udp()
{
u_long sum;
aniphdr_t *aip;
ip_t iptmp;
bzero((char *)&iptmp, sizeof(iptmp));
iptmp.ip_p = ip->ip_p;
iptmp.ip_src = ip->ip_src;
iptmp.ip_dst = ip->ip_dst;
iptmp.ip_len = htons(ip->ip_len - (ip->ip_hl << 2));
sum = p_chksum((u_short *)&iptmp, (u_int)sizeof(iptmp));
udp->uh_ulen = htons(udp->uh_ulen);
udp->uh_sum = c_chksum((u_short *)udp, (u_int)ntohs(iptmp.ip_len), sum);
free_anipheader();
for (aip = aniphead, udp = NULL; aip; aip = aip->ah_next)
if (aip->ah_p == IPPROTO_UDP)
udp = aip->ah_udp;
}
void end_tcp()
{
u_long sum;
aniphdr_t *aip;
ip_t iptmp;
bzero((char *)&iptmp, sizeof(iptmp));
iptmp.ip_p = ip->ip_p;
iptmp.ip_src = ip->ip_src;
iptmp.ip_dst = ip->ip_dst;
iptmp.ip_len = htons(ip->ip_len - (ip->ip_hl << 2));
sum = p_chksum((u_short *)&iptmp, (u_int)sizeof(iptmp));
tcp->th_sum = 0;
tcp->th_sum = c_chksum((u_short *)tcp, (u_int)ntohs(iptmp.ip_len), sum);
free_anipheader();
for (aip = aniphead, tcp = NULL; aip; aip = aip->ah_next)
if (aip->ah_p == IPPROTO_TCP)
tcp = aip->ah_tcp;
}
void end_data()
{
free_anipheader();
}
void iplang(fp)
FILE *fp;
{
yyin = fp;
yydebug = (opts & OPT_DEBUG) ? 1 : 0;
while (!feof(fp))
yyparse();
}
u_short c_chksum(buf, len, init)
u_short *buf;
u_int len;
u_long init;
{
u_long sum = init;
int nwords = len >> 1;
for(; nwords > 0; nwords--)
sum += *buf++;
sum = (sum>>16) + (sum & 0xffff);
sum += (sum >>16);
return (~sum);
}
u_long p_chksum(buf,len)
u_short *buf;
u_int len;
{
u_long sum = 0;
int nwords = len >> 1;
for(; nwords > 0; nwords--)
sum += *buf++;
return sum;
}