# Generate zic format 'leapseconds' from NIST format 'leap-seconds.list'.
# This file is in the public domain.
# This program uses awk arithmetic. POSIX requires awk to support
# exact integer arithmetic only through 10**10, which means for NTP
# timestamps this program works only to the year 2216, which is the
# year 1900 plus 10**10 seconds. However, in practice
# POSIX-conforming awk implementations invariably use IEEE-754 double
# and so support exact integers through 2**53. By the year 2216,
# POSIX will almost surely require at least 2**53 for awk, so for NTP
# timestamps this program should be good until the year 285,428,681
# (the year 1900 plus 2**53 seconds). By then leap seconds will be
# long obsolete, as the Earth will likely slow down so much that
# there will be more than 25 hours per day and so some other scheme
# will be needed.
BEGIN {
print "# Allowance for leap seconds added to each time zone file."
print ""
print "# This file is in the public domain."
print ""
print "# This file is generated automatically from the data in the public-domain"
print "# NIST format leap-seconds.list file, which can be copied from"
print "# <ftp://ftp.nist.gov/pub/time/leap-seconds.list>"
print "# or <ftp://ftp.boulder.nist.gov/pub/time/leap-seconds.list>."
print "# For more about leap-seconds.list, please see"
print "# The NTP Timescale and Leap Seconds"
print "# <https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/leap.html>."
print ""
print "# The rules for leap seconds are specified in Annex 1 (Time scales) of:"
print "# Standard-frequency and time-signal emissions."
print "# International Telecommunication Union - Radiocommunication Sector"
print "# (ITU-R) Recommendation TF.460-6 (02/2002)"
print "# <https://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-TF.460-6-200202-I/>."
print "# The International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS)"
print "# periodically uses leap seconds to keep UTC to within 0.9 s of UT1"
print "# (a proxy for Earth's angle in space as measured by astronomers)"
print "# and publishes leap second data in a copyrighted file"
print "# <https://hpiers.obspm.fr/iers/bul/bulc/Leap_Second.dat>."
print "# See: Levine J. Coordinated Universal Time and the leap second."
print "# URSI Radio Sci Bull. 2016;89(4):30-6. doi:10.23919/URSIRSB.2016.7909995"
print "# <https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7909995>."
print ""
print "# There were no leap seconds before 1972, as no official mechanism"
print "# accounted for the discrepancy between atomic time (TAI) and the earth's"
print "# rotation. The first (\"1 Jan 1972\") data line in leap-seconds.list"
print "# does not denote a leap second; it denotes the start of the current definition"
print "# of UTC."
print ""
print "# All leap-seconds are Stationary (S) at the given UTC time."
print "# The correction (+ or -) is made at the given time, so in the unlikely"
print "# event of a negative leap second, a line would look like this:"
print "# Leap YEAR MON DAY 23:59:59 - S"
print "# Typical lines look like this:"
print "# Leap YEAR MON DAY 23:59:60 + S"
monthabbr[ 1] = "Jan"
monthabbr[ 2] = "Feb"
monthabbr[ 3] = "Mar"
monthabbr[ 4] = "Apr"
monthabbr[ 5] = "May"
monthabbr[ 6] = "Jun"
monthabbr[ 7] = "Jul"
monthabbr[ 8] = "Aug"
monthabbr[ 9] = "Sep"
monthabbr[10] = "Oct"
monthabbr[11] = "Nov"
monthabbr[12] = "Dec"
sstamp_init()
}
# In case the input has CRLF form a la NIST.
{ sub(/\r$/, "") }
/^#[ \t]*[Uu]pdated through/ || /^#[ \t]*[Ff]ile expires on/ {
last_lines = last_lines $0 "\n"
}
/^#[$][ \t]/ { updated = $2 }
/^#[@][ \t]/ { expires = $2 }
/^[ \t]*#/ { next }
{
NTP_timestamp = $1
TAI_minus_UTC = $2
if (old_TAI_minus_UTC) {
if (old_TAI_minus_UTC < TAI_minus_UTC) {
sign = "23:59:60\t+"
} else {
sign = "23:59:59\t-"
}
sstamp_to_ymdhMs(NTP_timestamp - 1, ss_NTP)
printf "Leap\t%d\t%s\t%d\t%s\tS\n", \
ss_year, monthabbr[ss_month], ss_mday, sign
}
old_TAI_minus_UTC = TAI_minus_UTC
}
END {
sstamp_to_ymdhMs(expires, ss_NTP)
print ""
print "# UTC timestamp when this leap second list expires."
print "# Any additional leap seconds will come after this."
if (! EXPIRES_LINE) {
print "# This Expires line is commented out for now,"
print "# so that pre-2020a zic implementations do not reject this file."
}
printf "%sExpires %.4d\t%s\t%.2d\t%.2d:%.2d:%.2d\n", \
EXPIRES_LINE ? "" : "#", \
ss_year, monthabbr[ss_month], ss_mday, ss_hour, ss_min, ss_sec
# The difference between the NTP and POSIX epochs is 70 years
# (including 17 leap days), each 24 hours of 60 minutes of 60
# seconds each.
epoch_minus_NTP = ((1970 - 1900) * 365 + 17) * 24 * 60 * 60
print ""
print "# POSIX timestamps for the data in this file:"
sstamp_to_ymdhMs(updated, ss_NTP)
printf "#updated %d (%.4d-%.2d-%.2d %.2d:%.2d:%.2d UTC)\n", \
updated - epoch_minus_NTP, \
ss_year, ss_month, ss_mday, ss_hour, ss_min, ss_sec
sstamp_to_ymdhMs(expires, ss_NTP)
printf "#expires %d (%.4d-%.2d-%.2d %.2d:%.2d:%.2d UTC)\n", \
expires - epoch_minus_NTP, \
ss_year, ss_month, ss_mday, ss_hour, ss_min, ss_sec
printf "\n%s", last_lines
}
# sstamp_to_ymdhMs - convert seconds timestamp to date and time
#
# Call as:
#
# sstamp_to_ymdhMs(sstamp, epoch_days)
#
# where:
#
# sstamp - is the seconds timestamp.
# epoch_days - is the timestamp epoch in Gregorian days since 1600-03-01.
# ss_NTP is appropriate for an NTP sstamp.
#
# Both arguments should be nonnegative integers.
# On return, the following variables are set based on sstamp:
#
# ss_year - Gregorian calendar year
# ss_month - month of the year (1-January to 12-December)
# ss_mday - day of the month (1-31)
# ss_hour - hour (0-23)
# ss_min - minute (0-59)
# ss_sec - second (0-59)
# ss_wday - day of week (0-Sunday to 6-Saturday)
#
# The function sstamp_init should be called prior to using sstamp_to_ymdhMs.
function sstamp_init()
{
# Days in month N, where March is month 0 and January month 10.
ss_mon_days[ 0] = 31
ss_mon_days[ 1] = 30
ss_mon_days[ 2] = 31
ss_mon_days[ 3] = 30
ss_mon_days[ 4] = 31
ss_mon_days[ 5] = 31
ss_mon_days[ 6] = 30
ss_mon_days[ 7] = 31
ss_mon_days[ 8] = 30
ss_mon_days[ 9] = 31
ss_mon_days[10] = 31
# Counts of days in a Gregorian year, quad-year, century, and quad-century.
ss_year_days = 365
ss_quadyear_days = ss_year_days * 4 + 1
ss_century_days = ss_quadyear_days * 25 - 1
ss_quadcentury_days = ss_century_days * 4 + 1
# Standard day epochs, suitable for epoch_days.
# ss_MJD = 94493
# ss_POSIX = 135080
ss_NTP = 109513
}
function sstamp_to_ymdhMs(sstamp, epoch_days, \
quadcentury, century, quadyear, year, month, day)
{
ss_hour = int(sstamp / 3600) % 24
ss_min = int(sstamp / 60) % 60
ss_sec = sstamp % 60
# Start with a count of days since 1600-03-01 Gregorian.
day = epoch_days + int(sstamp / (24 * 60 * 60))
# Compute a year-month-day date with days of the month numbered
# 0-30, months (March-February) numbered 0-11, and years that start
# start March 1 and end after the last day of February. A quad-year
# starts on March 1 of a year evenly divisible by 4 and ends after
# the last day of February 4 years later. A century starts on and
# ends before March 1 in years evenly divisible by 100.
# A quad-century starts on and ends before March 1 in years divisible
# by 400. While the number of days in a quad-century is a constant,
# the number of days in each other time period can vary by 1.
# Any variation is in the last day of the time period (there might
# or might not be a February 29) where it is easy to deal with.
quadcentury = int(day / ss_quadcentury_days)
day -= quadcentury * ss_quadcentury_days
ss_wday = (day + 3) % 7
century = int(day / ss_century_days)
century -= century == 4
day -= century * ss_century_days
quadyear = int(day / ss_quadyear_days)
day -= quadyear * ss_quadyear_days
year = int(day / ss_year_days)
year -= year == 4
day -= year * ss_year_days
for (month = 0; month < 11; month++) {
if (day < ss_mon_days[month])
break
day -= ss_mon_days[month]
}
# Convert the date to a conventional day of month (1-31),
# month (1-12, January-December) and Gregorian year.
ss_mday = day + 1
if (month <= 9) {
ss_month = month + 3
} else {
ss_month = month - 9
year++
}
ss_year = 1600 + quadcentury * 400 + century * 100 + quadyear * 4 + year
}