Training courses

Kernel and Embedded Linux

Bootlin training courses

Embedded Linux, kernel,
Yocto Project, Buildroot, real-time,
graphics, boot time, debugging...

Bootlin logo

Elixir Cross Referencer

   1
   2
   3
   4
   5
   6
   7
   8
   9
  10
  11
  12
  13
  14
  15
  16
  17
  18
  19
  20
  21
  22
  23
  24
  25
  26
  27
  28
  29
  30
  31
  32
  33
  34
  35
  36
  37
  38
  39
  40
  41
  42
  43
  44
  45
  46
  47
  48
  49
  50
  51
  52
  53
  54
  55
  56
  57
  58
  59
  60
  61
  62
  63
  64
  65
  66
  67
  68
  69
  70
  71
  72
  73
  74
  75
  76
  77
  78
  79
  80
  81
  82
  83
  84
  85
  86
  87
  88
  89
  90
  91
  92
  93
  94
  95
  96
  97
  98
  99
 100
 101
 102
 103
 104
 105
 106
 107
 108
 109
 110
 111
 112
 113
 114
 115
 116
 117
 118
 119
 120
 121
 122
 123
 124
 125
 126
 127
 128
 129
 130
 131
 132
 133
 134
 135
 136
 137
 138
 139
 140
 141
 142
 143
 144
 145
 146
 147
 148
 149
 150
 151
 152
 153
 154
 155
 156
 157
 158
 159
 160
 161
 162
 163
 164
 165
 166
 167
 168
 169
 170
 171
 172
 173
 174
 175
 176
 177
 178
 179
 180
 181
 182
 183
 184
 185
 186
 187
 188
 189
 190
 191
 192
 193
 194
 195
 196
 197
 198
 199
 200
 201
 202
 203
 204
 205
 206
 207
 208
 209
 210
 211
 212
 213
 214
 215
 216
 217
 218
 219
 220
 221
 222
 223
 224
 225
 226
 227
 228
 229
 230
 231
 232
 233
 234
 235
 236
 237
 238
 239
 240
 241
 242
 243
 244
 245
 246
 247
 248
 249
 250
 251
 252
 253
 254
 255
 256
 257
 258
 259
 260
 261
 262
 263
 264
 265
 266
 267
 268
 269
 270
 271
 272
 273
 274
 275
 276
 277
 278
 279
 280
 281
 282
 283
 284
 285
 286
 287
 288
 289
 290
 291
 292
 293
 294
 295
 296
 297
 298
 299
 300
 301
 302
 303
 304
 305
 306
 307
 308
 309
 310
 311
 312
 313
 314
 315
 316
 317
 318
 319
 320
 321
 322
 323
 324
 325
 326
 327
 328
 329
 330
 331
 332
 333
 334
 335
 336
 337
 338
 339
 340
 341
 342
 343
 344
 345
 346
 347
 348
 349
 350
 351
 352
 353
 354
 355
 356
 357
 358
 359
 360
 361
 362
 363
 364
 365
 366
 367
 368
 369
 370
 371
 372
 373
 374
 375
 376
 377
 378
 379
 380
 381
 382
 383
 384
 385
 386
 387
 388
 389
 390
 391
 392
 393
 394
 395
 396
 397
 398
 399
 400
 401
 402
 403
 404
 405
 406
 407
 408
 409
 410
 411
 412
 413
 414
 415
 416
 417
 418
 419
 420
 421
 422
 423
 424
 425
 426
 427
 428
 429
 430
 431
 432
 433
 434
 435
 436
 437
 438
 439
 440
 441
 442
 443
 444
 445
 446
 447
 448
 449
 450
 451
 452
 453
 454
 455
 456
 457
 458
 459
 460
 461
 462
 463
 464
 465
 466
 467
 468
 469
 470
 471
 472
 473
 474
 475
 476
 477
 478
 479
 480
 481
 482
 483
 484
 485
 486
 487
 488
 489
 490
 491
 492
 493
 494
 495
 496
 497
 498
 499
 500
 501
 502
 503
 504
 505
 506
 507
 508
 509
 510
 511
 512
 513
 514
 515
 516
 517
 518
 519
 520
 521
 522
 523
 524
 525
 526
 527
 528
 529
 530
 531
 532
 533
 534
 535
 536
 537
 538
 539
 540
 541
 542
 543
 544
 545
 546
 547
 548
 549
 550
 551
 552
 553
 554
 555
 556
 557
 558
 559
 560
 561
 562
 563
 564
 565
 566
 567
 568
 569
 570
 571
 572
 573
 574
 575
 576
 577
 578
 579
 580
 581
 582
 583
 584
 585
 586
 587
 588
 589
 590
 591
 592
 593
 594
 595
 596
 597
 598
 599
 600
 601
 602
 603
 604
 605
 606
 607
 608
 609
 610
 611
 612
 613
 614
 615
 616
 617
 618
 619
 620
 621
 622
 623
 624
 625
 626
 627
 628
 629
 630
 631
 632
 633
 634
 635
 636
 637
 638
 639
 640
 641
 642
 643
 644
 645
 646
 647
 648
 649
 650
 651
 652
 653
 654
 655
 656
 657
 658
 659
 660
 661
 662
 663
 664
 665
 666
 667
 668
 669
 670
 671
 672
 673
 674
 675
 676
 677
 678
 679
 680
 681
 682
 683
 684
 685
 686
 687
 688
 689
 690
 691
 692
 693
 694
 695
 696
 697
 698
 699
 700
 701
 702
 703
 704
 705
 706
 707
 708
 709
 710
 711
 712
 713
 714
 715
 716
 717
 718
 719
 720
 721
 722
 723
 724
 725
 726
 727
 728
 729
 730
 731
 732
 733
 734
 735
 736
 737
 738
 739
 740
 741
 742
 743
 744
 745
 746
 747
 748
 749
 750
 751
 752
 753
 754
 755
 756
 757
 758
 759
 760
 761
 762
 763
 764
 765
 766
 767
 768
 769
 770
 771
 772
 773
 774
 775
 776
 777
 778
 779
 780
 781
 782
 783
 784
 785
 786
 787
 788
 789
 790
 791
 792
 793
 794
 795
 796
 797
 798
 799
 800
 801
 802
 803
 804
 805
 806
 807
 808
 809
 810
 811
 812
 813
 814
 815
 816
 817
 818
 819
 820
 821
 822
 823
 824
 825
 826
 827
 828
 829
 830
 831
 832
 833
 834
 835
 836
 837
 838
 839
 840
 841
 842
 843
 844
 845
 846
 847
 848
 849
 850
 851
 852
 853
 854
 855
 856
 857
 858
 859
 860
 861
 862
 863
 864
 865
 866
 867
 868
 869
 870
 871
 872
 873
 874
 875
 876
 877
 878
 879
 880
 881
 882
 883
 884
 885
 886
 887
 888
 889
 890
 891
 892
 893
 894
 895
 896
 897
 898
 899
 900
 901
 902
 903
 904
 905
 906
 907
 908
 909
 910
 911
 912
 913
 914
 915
 916
 917
 918
 919
 920
 921
 922
 923
 924
 925
 926
 927
 928
 929
 930
 931
 932
 933
 934
 935
 936
 937
 938
 939
 940
 941
 942
 943
 944
 945
 946
 947
 948
 949
 950
 951
 952
 953
 954
 955
 956
 957
 958
 959
 960
 961
 962
 963
 964
 965
 966
 967
 968
 969
 970
 971
 972
 973
 974
 975
 976
 977
 978
 979
 980
 981
 982
 983
 984
 985
 986
 987
 988
 989
 990
 991
 992
 993
 994
 995
 996
 997
 998
 999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
 *
 */
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/blktrace_api.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/debugfs.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/time.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/blk-cgroup.h>

#include "../../block/blk.h"

#include <trace/events/block.h>

#include "trace_output.h"

#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IO_TRACE

static unsigned int blktrace_seq __read_mostly = 1;

static struct trace_array *blk_tr;
static bool blk_tracer_enabled __read_mostly;

static LIST_HEAD(running_trace_list);
static __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(running_trace_lock);

/* Select an alternative, minimalistic output than the original one */
#define TRACE_BLK_OPT_CLASSIC	0x1
#define TRACE_BLK_OPT_CGROUP	0x2
#define TRACE_BLK_OPT_CGNAME	0x4

static struct tracer_opt blk_tracer_opts[] = {
	/* Default disable the minimalistic output */
	{ TRACER_OPT(blk_classic, TRACE_BLK_OPT_CLASSIC) },
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP
	{ TRACER_OPT(blk_cgroup, TRACE_BLK_OPT_CGROUP) },
	{ TRACER_OPT(blk_cgname, TRACE_BLK_OPT_CGNAME) },
#endif
	{ }
};

static struct tracer_flags blk_tracer_flags = {
	.val  = 0,
	.opts = blk_tracer_opts,
};

/* Global reference count of probes */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(blk_probe_mutex);
static int blk_probes_ref;

static void blk_register_tracepoints(void);
static void blk_unregister_tracepoints(void);

/*
 * Send out a notify message.
 */
static void trace_note(struct blk_trace *bt, pid_t pid, int action,
		       const void *data, size_t len,
		       union kernfs_node_id *cgid)
{
	struct blk_io_trace *t;
	struct ring_buffer_event *event = NULL;
	struct ring_buffer *buffer = NULL;
	int pc = 0;
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
	bool blk_tracer = blk_tracer_enabled;
	ssize_t cgid_len = cgid ? sizeof(*cgid) : 0;

	if (blk_tracer) {
		buffer = blk_tr->trace_buffer.buffer;
		pc = preempt_count();
		event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(buffer, TRACE_BLK,
						  sizeof(*t) + len + cgid_len,
						  0, pc);
		if (!event)
			return;
		t = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
		goto record_it;
	}

	if (!bt->rchan)
		return;

	t = relay_reserve(bt->rchan, sizeof(*t) + len + cgid_len);
	if (t) {
		t->magic = BLK_IO_TRACE_MAGIC | BLK_IO_TRACE_VERSION;
		t->time = ktime_to_ns(ktime_get());
record_it:
		t->device = bt->dev;
		t->action = action | (cgid ? __BLK_TN_CGROUP : 0);
		t->pid = pid;
		t->cpu = cpu;
		t->pdu_len = len + cgid_len;
		if (cgid)
			memcpy((void *)t + sizeof(*t), cgid, cgid_len);
		memcpy((void *) t + sizeof(*t) + cgid_len, data, len);

		if (blk_tracer)
			trace_buffer_unlock_commit(blk_tr, buffer, event, 0, pc);
	}
}

/*
 * Send out a notify for this process, if we haven't done so since a trace
 * started
 */
static void trace_note_tsk(struct task_struct *tsk)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	struct blk_trace *bt;

	tsk->btrace_seq = blktrace_seq;
	spin_lock_irqsave(&running_trace_lock, flags);
	list_for_each_entry(bt, &running_trace_list, running_list) {
		trace_note(bt, tsk->pid, BLK_TN_PROCESS, tsk->comm,
			   sizeof(tsk->comm), NULL);
	}
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&running_trace_lock, flags);
}

static void trace_note_time(struct blk_trace *bt)
{
	struct timespec64 now;
	unsigned long flags;
	u32 words[2];

	/* need to check user space to see if this breaks in y2038 or y2106 */
	ktime_get_real_ts64(&now);
	words[0] = (u32)now.tv_sec;
	words[1] = now.tv_nsec;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	trace_note(bt, 0, BLK_TN_TIMESTAMP, words, sizeof(words), NULL);
	local_irq_restore(flags);
}

void __trace_note_message(struct blk_trace *bt, struct blkcg *blkcg,
	const char *fmt, ...)
{
	int n;
	va_list args;
	unsigned long flags;
	char *buf;

	if (unlikely(bt->trace_state != Blktrace_running &&
		     !blk_tracer_enabled))
		return;

	/*
	 * If the BLK_TC_NOTIFY action mask isn't set, don't send any note
	 * message to the trace.
	 */
	if (!(bt->act_mask & BLK_TC_NOTIFY))
		return;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	buf = this_cpu_ptr(bt->msg_data);
	va_start(args, fmt);
	n = vscnprintf(buf, BLK_TN_MAX_MSG, fmt, args);
	va_end(args);

	if (!(blk_tracer_flags.val & TRACE_BLK_OPT_CGROUP))
		blkcg = NULL;
#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP
	trace_note(bt, 0, BLK_TN_MESSAGE, buf, n,
		blkcg ? cgroup_get_kernfs_id(blkcg->css.cgroup) : NULL);
#else
	trace_note(bt, 0, BLK_TN_MESSAGE, buf, n, NULL);
#endif
	local_irq_restore(flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__trace_note_message);

static int act_log_check(struct blk_trace *bt, u32 what, sector_t sector,
			 pid_t pid)
{
	if (((bt->act_mask << BLK_TC_SHIFT) & what) == 0)
		return 1;
	if (sector && (sector < bt->start_lba || sector > bt->end_lba))
		return 1;
	if (bt->pid && pid != bt->pid)
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Data direction bit lookup
 */
static const u32 ddir_act[2] = { BLK_TC_ACT(BLK_TC_READ),
				 BLK_TC_ACT(BLK_TC_WRITE) };

#define BLK_TC_RAHEAD		BLK_TC_AHEAD
#define BLK_TC_PREFLUSH		BLK_TC_FLUSH

/* The ilog2() calls fall out because they're constant */
#define MASK_TC_BIT(rw, __name) ((rw & REQ_ ## __name) << \
	  (ilog2(BLK_TC_ ## __name) + BLK_TC_SHIFT - __REQ_ ## __name))

/*
 * The worker for the various blk_add_trace*() types. Fills out a
 * blk_io_trace structure and places it in a per-cpu subbuffer.
 */
static void __blk_add_trace(struct blk_trace *bt, sector_t sector, int bytes,
		     int op, int op_flags, u32 what, int error, int pdu_len,
		     void *pdu_data, union kernfs_node_id *cgid)
{
	struct task_struct *tsk = current;
	struct ring_buffer_event *event = NULL;
	struct ring_buffer *buffer = NULL;
	struct blk_io_trace *t;
	unsigned long flags = 0;
	unsigned long *sequence;
	pid_t pid;
	int cpu, pc = 0;
	bool blk_tracer = blk_tracer_enabled;
	ssize_t cgid_len = cgid ? sizeof(*cgid) : 0;

	if (unlikely(bt->trace_state != Blktrace_running && !blk_tracer))
		return;

	what |= ddir_act[op_is_write(op) ? WRITE : READ];
	what |= MASK_TC_BIT(op_flags, SYNC);
	what |= MASK_TC_BIT(op_flags, RAHEAD);
	what |= MASK_TC_BIT(op_flags, META);
	what |= MASK_TC_BIT(op_flags, PREFLUSH);
	what |= MASK_TC_BIT(op_flags, FUA);
	if (op == REQ_OP_DISCARD || op == REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE)
		what |= BLK_TC_ACT(BLK_TC_DISCARD);
	if (op == REQ_OP_FLUSH)
		what |= BLK_TC_ACT(BLK_TC_FLUSH);
	if (cgid)
		what |= __BLK_TA_CGROUP;

	pid = tsk->pid;
	if (act_log_check(bt, what, sector, pid))
		return;
	cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();

	if (blk_tracer) {
		tracing_record_cmdline(current);

		buffer = blk_tr->trace_buffer.buffer;
		pc = preempt_count();
		event = trace_buffer_lock_reserve(buffer, TRACE_BLK,
						  sizeof(*t) + pdu_len + cgid_len,
						  0, pc);
		if (!event)
			return;
		t = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
		goto record_it;
	}

	if (unlikely(tsk->btrace_seq != blktrace_seq))
		trace_note_tsk(tsk);

	/*
	 * A word about the locking here - we disable interrupts to reserve
	 * some space in the relay per-cpu buffer, to prevent an irq
	 * from coming in and stepping on our toes.
	 */
	local_irq_save(flags);
	t = relay_reserve(bt->rchan, sizeof(*t) + pdu_len + cgid_len);
	if (t) {
		sequence = per_cpu_ptr(bt->sequence, cpu);

		t->magic = BLK_IO_TRACE_MAGIC | BLK_IO_TRACE_VERSION;
		t->sequence = ++(*sequence);
		t->time = ktime_to_ns(ktime_get());
record_it:
		/*
		 * These two are not needed in ftrace as they are in the
		 * generic trace_entry, filled by tracing_generic_entry_update,
		 * but for the trace_event->bin() synthesizer benefit we do it
		 * here too.
		 */
		t->cpu = cpu;
		t->pid = pid;

		t->sector = sector;
		t->bytes = bytes;
		t->action = what;
		t->device = bt->dev;
		t->error = error;
		t->pdu_len = pdu_len + cgid_len;

		if (cgid_len)
			memcpy((void *)t + sizeof(*t), cgid, cgid_len);
		if (pdu_len)
			memcpy((void *)t + sizeof(*t) + cgid_len, pdu_data, pdu_len);

		if (blk_tracer) {
			trace_buffer_unlock_commit(blk_tr, buffer, event, 0, pc);
			return;
		}
	}

	local_irq_restore(flags);
}

static void blk_trace_free(struct blk_trace *bt)
{
	debugfs_remove(bt->msg_file);
	debugfs_remove(bt->dropped_file);
	relay_close(bt->rchan);
	debugfs_remove(bt->dir);
	free_percpu(bt->sequence);
	free_percpu(bt->msg_data);
	kfree(bt);
}

static void get_probe_ref(void)
{
	mutex_lock(&blk_probe_mutex);
	if (++blk_probes_ref == 1)
		blk_register_tracepoints();
	mutex_unlock(&blk_probe_mutex);
}

static void put_probe_ref(void)
{
	mutex_lock(&blk_probe_mutex);
	if (!--blk_probes_ref)
		blk_unregister_tracepoints();
	mutex_unlock(&blk_probe_mutex);
}

static void blk_trace_cleanup(struct blk_trace *bt)
{
	blk_trace_free(bt);
	put_probe_ref();
}

static int __blk_trace_remove(struct request_queue *q)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt;

	bt = xchg(&q->blk_trace, NULL);
	if (!bt)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (bt->trace_state != Blktrace_running)
		blk_trace_cleanup(bt);

	return 0;
}

int blk_trace_remove(struct request_queue *q)
{
	int ret;

	mutex_lock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);
	ret = __blk_trace_remove(q);
	mutex_unlock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);

	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blk_trace_remove);

static ssize_t blk_dropped_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buffer,
				size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = filp->private_data;
	char buf[16];

	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u\n", atomic_read(&bt->dropped));

	return simple_read_from_buffer(buffer, count, ppos, buf, strlen(buf));
}

static const struct file_operations blk_dropped_fops = {
	.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
	.open =		simple_open,
	.read =		blk_dropped_read,
	.llseek =	default_llseek,
};

static ssize_t blk_msg_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buffer,
				size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
	char *msg;
	struct blk_trace *bt;

	if (count >= BLK_TN_MAX_MSG)
		return -EINVAL;

	msg = memdup_user_nul(buffer, count);
	if (IS_ERR(msg))
		return PTR_ERR(msg);

	bt = filp->private_data;
	__trace_note_message(bt, NULL, "%s", msg);
	kfree(msg);

	return count;
}

static const struct file_operations blk_msg_fops = {
	.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
	.open =		simple_open,
	.write =	blk_msg_write,
	.llseek =	noop_llseek,
};

/*
 * Keep track of how many times we encountered a full subbuffer, to aid
 * the user space app in telling how many lost events there were.
 */
static int blk_subbuf_start_callback(struct rchan_buf *buf, void *subbuf,
				     void *prev_subbuf, size_t prev_padding)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt;

	if (!relay_buf_full(buf))
		return 1;

	bt = buf->chan->private_data;
	atomic_inc(&bt->dropped);
	return 0;
}

static int blk_remove_buf_file_callback(struct dentry *dentry)
{
	debugfs_remove(dentry);

	return 0;
}

static struct dentry *blk_create_buf_file_callback(const char *filename,
						   struct dentry *parent,
						   umode_t mode,
						   struct rchan_buf *buf,
						   int *is_global)
{
	return debugfs_create_file(filename, mode, parent, buf,
					&relay_file_operations);
}

static struct rchan_callbacks blk_relay_callbacks = {
	.subbuf_start		= blk_subbuf_start_callback,
	.create_buf_file	= blk_create_buf_file_callback,
	.remove_buf_file	= blk_remove_buf_file_callback,
};

static void blk_trace_setup_lba(struct blk_trace *bt,
				struct block_device *bdev)
{
	struct hd_struct *part = NULL;

	if (bdev)
		part = bdev->bd_part;

	if (part) {
		bt->start_lba = part->start_sect;
		bt->end_lba = part->start_sect + part->nr_sects;
	} else {
		bt->start_lba = 0;
		bt->end_lba = -1ULL;
	}
}

/*
 * Setup everything required to start tracing
 */
static int do_blk_trace_setup(struct request_queue *q, char *name, dev_t dev,
			      struct block_device *bdev,
			      struct blk_user_trace_setup *buts)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = NULL;
	struct dentry *dir = NULL;
	int ret;

	if (!buts->buf_size || !buts->buf_nr)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!blk_debugfs_root)
		return -ENOENT;

	strncpy(buts->name, name, BLKTRACE_BDEV_SIZE);
	buts->name[BLKTRACE_BDEV_SIZE - 1] = '\0';

	/*
	 * some device names have larger paths - convert the slashes
	 * to underscores for this to work as expected
	 */
	strreplace(buts->name, '/', '_');

	bt = kzalloc(sizeof(*bt), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!bt)
		return -ENOMEM;

	ret = -ENOMEM;
	bt->sequence = alloc_percpu(unsigned long);
	if (!bt->sequence)
		goto err;

	bt->msg_data = __alloc_percpu(BLK_TN_MAX_MSG, __alignof__(char));
	if (!bt->msg_data)
		goto err;

	ret = -ENOENT;

	dir = debugfs_lookup(buts->name, blk_debugfs_root);
	if (!dir)
		bt->dir = dir = debugfs_create_dir(buts->name, blk_debugfs_root);

	bt->dev = dev;
	atomic_set(&bt->dropped, 0);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bt->running_list);

	ret = -EIO;
	bt->dropped_file = debugfs_create_file("dropped", 0444, dir, bt,
					       &blk_dropped_fops);

	bt->msg_file = debugfs_create_file("msg", 0222, dir, bt, &blk_msg_fops);

	bt->rchan = relay_open("trace", dir, buts->buf_size,
				buts->buf_nr, &blk_relay_callbacks, bt);
	if (!bt->rchan)
		goto err;

	bt->act_mask = buts->act_mask;
	if (!bt->act_mask)
		bt->act_mask = (u16) -1;

	blk_trace_setup_lba(bt, bdev);

	/* overwrite with user settings */
	if (buts->start_lba)
		bt->start_lba = buts->start_lba;
	if (buts->end_lba)
		bt->end_lba = buts->end_lba;

	bt->pid = buts->pid;
	bt->trace_state = Blktrace_setup;

	ret = -EBUSY;
	if (cmpxchg(&q->blk_trace, NULL, bt))
		goto err;

	get_probe_ref();

	ret = 0;
err:
	if (dir && !bt->dir)
		dput(dir);
	if (ret)
		blk_trace_free(bt);
	return ret;
}

static int __blk_trace_setup(struct request_queue *q, char *name, dev_t dev,
			     struct block_device *bdev, char __user *arg)
{
	struct blk_user_trace_setup buts;
	int ret;

	ret = copy_from_user(&buts, arg, sizeof(buts));
	if (ret)
		return -EFAULT;

	ret = do_blk_trace_setup(q, name, dev, bdev, &buts);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (copy_to_user(arg, &buts, sizeof(buts))) {
		__blk_trace_remove(q);
		return -EFAULT;
	}
	return 0;
}

int blk_trace_setup(struct request_queue *q, char *name, dev_t dev,
		    struct block_device *bdev,
		    char __user *arg)
{
	int ret;

	mutex_lock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);
	ret = __blk_trace_setup(q, name, dev, bdev, arg);
	mutex_unlock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);

	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blk_trace_setup);

#if defined(CONFIG_COMPAT) && defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
static int compat_blk_trace_setup(struct request_queue *q, char *name,
				  dev_t dev, struct block_device *bdev,
				  char __user *arg)
{
	struct blk_user_trace_setup buts;
	struct compat_blk_user_trace_setup cbuts;
	int ret;

	if (copy_from_user(&cbuts, arg, sizeof(cbuts)))
		return -EFAULT;

	buts = (struct blk_user_trace_setup) {
		.act_mask = cbuts.act_mask,
		.buf_size = cbuts.buf_size,
		.buf_nr = cbuts.buf_nr,
		.start_lba = cbuts.start_lba,
		.end_lba = cbuts.end_lba,
		.pid = cbuts.pid,
	};

	ret = do_blk_trace_setup(q, name, dev, bdev, &buts);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	if (copy_to_user(arg, &buts.name, ARRAY_SIZE(buts.name))) {
		__blk_trace_remove(q);
		return -EFAULT;
	}

	return 0;
}
#endif

static int __blk_trace_startstop(struct request_queue *q, int start)
{
	int ret;
	struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;

	if (bt == NULL)
		return -EINVAL;

	/*
	 * For starting a trace, we can transition from a setup or stopped
	 * trace. For stopping a trace, the state must be running
	 */
	ret = -EINVAL;
	if (start) {
		if (bt->trace_state == Blktrace_setup ||
		    bt->trace_state == Blktrace_stopped) {
			blktrace_seq++;
			smp_mb();
			bt->trace_state = Blktrace_running;
			spin_lock_irq(&running_trace_lock);
			list_add(&bt->running_list, &running_trace_list);
			spin_unlock_irq(&running_trace_lock);

			trace_note_time(bt);
			ret = 0;
		}
	} else {
		if (bt->trace_state == Blktrace_running) {
			bt->trace_state = Blktrace_stopped;
			spin_lock_irq(&running_trace_lock);
			list_del_init(&bt->running_list);
			spin_unlock_irq(&running_trace_lock);
			relay_flush(bt->rchan);
			ret = 0;
		}
	}

	return ret;
}

int blk_trace_startstop(struct request_queue *q, int start)
{
	int ret;

	mutex_lock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);
	ret = __blk_trace_startstop(q, start);
	mutex_unlock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);

	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blk_trace_startstop);

/*
 * When reading or writing the blktrace sysfs files, the references to the
 * opened sysfs or device files should prevent the underlying block device
 * from being removed. So no further delete protection is really needed.
 */

/**
 * blk_trace_ioctl: - handle the ioctls associated with tracing
 * @bdev:	the block device
 * @cmd:	the ioctl cmd
 * @arg:	the argument data, if any
 *
 **/
int blk_trace_ioctl(struct block_device *bdev, unsigned cmd, char __user *arg)
{
	struct request_queue *q;
	int ret, start = 0;
	char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];

	q = bdev_get_queue(bdev);
	if (!q)
		return -ENXIO;

	mutex_lock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);

	switch (cmd) {
	case BLKTRACESETUP:
		bdevname(bdev, b);
		ret = __blk_trace_setup(q, b, bdev->bd_dev, bdev, arg);
		break;
#if defined(CONFIG_COMPAT) && defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
	case BLKTRACESETUP32:
		bdevname(bdev, b);
		ret = compat_blk_trace_setup(q, b, bdev->bd_dev, bdev, arg);
		break;
#endif
	case BLKTRACESTART:
		start = 1;
		/* fall through */
	case BLKTRACESTOP:
		ret = __blk_trace_startstop(q, start);
		break;
	case BLKTRACETEARDOWN:
		ret = __blk_trace_remove(q);
		break;
	default:
		ret = -ENOTTY;
		break;
	}

	mutex_unlock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);
	return ret;
}

/**
 * blk_trace_shutdown: - stop and cleanup trace structures
 * @q:    the request queue associated with the device
 *
 **/
void blk_trace_shutdown(struct request_queue *q)
{
	mutex_lock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);

	if (q->blk_trace) {
		__blk_trace_startstop(q, 0);
		__blk_trace_remove(q);
	}

	mutex_unlock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP
static union kernfs_node_id *
blk_trace_bio_get_cgid(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;

	if (!bt || !(blk_tracer_flags.val & TRACE_BLK_OPT_CGROUP))
		return NULL;

	if (!bio->bi_blkg)
		return NULL;
	return cgroup_get_kernfs_id(bio_blkcg(bio)->css.cgroup);
}
#else
static union kernfs_node_id *
blk_trace_bio_get_cgid(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
{
	return NULL;
}
#endif

static union kernfs_node_id *
blk_trace_request_get_cgid(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
{
	if (!rq->bio)
		return NULL;
	/* Use the first bio */
	return blk_trace_bio_get_cgid(q, rq->bio);
}

/*
 * blktrace probes
 */

/**
 * blk_add_trace_rq - Add a trace for a request oriented action
 * @rq:		the source request
 * @error:	return status to log
 * @nr_bytes:	number of completed bytes
 * @what:	the action
 * @cgid:	the cgroup info
 *
 * Description:
 *     Records an action against a request. Will log the bio offset + size.
 *
 **/
static void blk_add_trace_rq(struct request *rq, int error,
			     unsigned int nr_bytes, u32 what,
			     union kernfs_node_id *cgid)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = rq->q->blk_trace;

	if (likely(!bt))
		return;

	if (blk_rq_is_passthrough(rq))
		what |= BLK_TC_ACT(BLK_TC_PC);
	else
		what |= BLK_TC_ACT(BLK_TC_FS);

	__blk_add_trace(bt, blk_rq_trace_sector(rq), nr_bytes, req_op(rq),
			rq->cmd_flags, what, error, 0, NULL, cgid);
}

static void blk_add_trace_rq_insert(void *ignore,
				    struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
{
	blk_add_trace_rq(rq, 0, blk_rq_bytes(rq), BLK_TA_INSERT,
			 blk_trace_request_get_cgid(q, rq));
}

static void blk_add_trace_rq_issue(void *ignore,
				   struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
{
	blk_add_trace_rq(rq, 0, blk_rq_bytes(rq), BLK_TA_ISSUE,
			 blk_trace_request_get_cgid(q, rq));
}

static void blk_add_trace_rq_requeue(void *ignore,
				     struct request_queue *q,
				     struct request *rq)
{
	blk_add_trace_rq(rq, 0, blk_rq_bytes(rq), BLK_TA_REQUEUE,
			 blk_trace_request_get_cgid(q, rq));
}

static void blk_add_trace_rq_complete(void *ignore, struct request *rq,
			int error, unsigned int nr_bytes)
{
	blk_add_trace_rq(rq, error, nr_bytes, BLK_TA_COMPLETE,
			 blk_trace_request_get_cgid(rq->q, rq));
}

/**
 * blk_add_trace_bio - Add a trace for a bio oriented action
 * @q:		queue the io is for
 * @bio:	the source bio
 * @what:	the action
 * @error:	error, if any
 *
 * Description:
 *     Records an action against a bio. Will log the bio offset + size.
 *
 **/
static void blk_add_trace_bio(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
			      u32 what, int error)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;

	if (likely(!bt))
		return;

	__blk_add_trace(bt, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector, bio->bi_iter.bi_size,
			bio_op(bio), bio->bi_opf, what, error, 0, NULL,
			blk_trace_bio_get_cgid(q, bio));
}

static void blk_add_trace_bio_bounce(void *ignore,
				     struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
{
	blk_add_trace_bio(q, bio, BLK_TA_BOUNCE, 0);
}

static void blk_add_trace_bio_complete(void *ignore,
				       struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
				       int error)
{
	blk_add_trace_bio(q, bio, BLK_TA_COMPLETE, error);
}

static void blk_add_trace_bio_backmerge(void *ignore,
					struct request_queue *q,
					struct request *rq,
					struct bio *bio)
{
	blk_add_trace_bio(q, bio, BLK_TA_BACKMERGE, 0);
}

static void blk_add_trace_bio_frontmerge(void *ignore,
					 struct request_queue *q,
					 struct request *rq,
					 struct bio *bio)
{
	blk_add_trace_bio(q, bio, BLK_TA_FRONTMERGE, 0);
}

static void blk_add_trace_bio_queue(void *ignore,
				    struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
{
	blk_add_trace_bio(q, bio, BLK_TA_QUEUE, 0);
}

static void blk_add_trace_getrq(void *ignore,
				struct request_queue *q,
				struct bio *bio, int rw)
{
	if (bio)
		blk_add_trace_bio(q, bio, BLK_TA_GETRQ, 0);
	else {
		struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;

		if (bt)
			__blk_add_trace(bt, 0, 0, rw, 0, BLK_TA_GETRQ, 0, 0,
					NULL, NULL);
	}
}


static void blk_add_trace_sleeprq(void *ignore,
				  struct request_queue *q,
				  struct bio *bio, int rw)
{
	if (bio)
		blk_add_trace_bio(q, bio, BLK_TA_SLEEPRQ, 0);
	else {
		struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;

		if (bt)
			__blk_add_trace(bt, 0, 0, rw, 0, BLK_TA_SLEEPRQ,
					0, 0, NULL, NULL);
	}
}

static void blk_add_trace_plug(void *ignore, struct request_queue *q)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;

	if (bt)
		__blk_add_trace(bt, 0, 0, 0, 0, BLK_TA_PLUG, 0, 0, NULL, NULL);
}

static void blk_add_trace_unplug(void *ignore, struct request_queue *q,
				    unsigned int depth, bool explicit)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;

	if (bt) {
		__be64 rpdu = cpu_to_be64(depth);
		u32 what;

		if (explicit)
			what = BLK_TA_UNPLUG_IO;
		else
			what = BLK_TA_UNPLUG_TIMER;

		__blk_add_trace(bt, 0, 0, 0, 0, what, 0, sizeof(rpdu), &rpdu, NULL);
	}
}

static void blk_add_trace_split(void *ignore,
				struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
				unsigned int pdu)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;

	if (bt) {
		__be64 rpdu = cpu_to_be64(pdu);

		__blk_add_trace(bt, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector,
				bio->bi_iter.bi_size, bio_op(bio), bio->bi_opf,
				BLK_TA_SPLIT, bio->bi_status, sizeof(rpdu),
				&rpdu, blk_trace_bio_get_cgid(q, bio));
	}
}

/**
 * blk_add_trace_bio_remap - Add a trace for a bio-remap operation
 * @ignore:	trace callback data parameter (not used)
 * @q:		queue the io is for
 * @bio:	the source bio
 * @dev:	target device
 * @from:	source sector
 *
 * Description:
 *     Device mapper or raid target sometimes need to split a bio because
 *     it spans a stripe (or similar). Add a trace for that action.
 *
 **/
static void blk_add_trace_bio_remap(void *ignore,
				    struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
				    dev_t dev, sector_t from)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;
	struct blk_io_trace_remap r;

	if (likely(!bt))
		return;

	r.device_from = cpu_to_be32(dev);
	r.device_to   = cpu_to_be32(bio_dev(bio));
	r.sector_from = cpu_to_be64(from);

	__blk_add_trace(bt, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector, bio->bi_iter.bi_size,
			bio_op(bio), bio->bi_opf, BLK_TA_REMAP, bio->bi_status,
			sizeof(r), &r, blk_trace_bio_get_cgid(q, bio));
}

/**
 * blk_add_trace_rq_remap - Add a trace for a request-remap operation
 * @ignore:	trace callback data parameter (not used)
 * @q:		queue the io is for
 * @rq:		the source request
 * @dev:	target device
 * @from:	source sector
 *
 * Description:
 *     Device mapper remaps request to other devices.
 *     Add a trace for that action.
 *
 **/
static void blk_add_trace_rq_remap(void *ignore,
				   struct request_queue *q,
				   struct request *rq, dev_t dev,
				   sector_t from)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;
	struct blk_io_trace_remap r;

	if (likely(!bt))
		return;

	r.device_from = cpu_to_be32(dev);
	r.device_to   = cpu_to_be32(disk_devt(rq->rq_disk));
	r.sector_from = cpu_to_be64(from);

	__blk_add_trace(bt, blk_rq_pos(rq), blk_rq_bytes(rq),
			rq_data_dir(rq), 0, BLK_TA_REMAP, 0,
			sizeof(r), &r, blk_trace_request_get_cgid(q, rq));
}

/**
 * blk_add_driver_data - Add binary message with driver-specific data
 * @q:		queue the io is for
 * @rq:		io request
 * @data:	driver-specific data
 * @len:	length of driver-specific data
 *
 * Description:
 *     Some drivers might want to write driver-specific data per request.
 *
 **/
void blk_add_driver_data(struct request_queue *q,
			 struct request *rq,
			 void *data, size_t len)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = q->blk_trace;

	if (likely(!bt))
		return;

	__blk_add_trace(bt, blk_rq_trace_sector(rq), blk_rq_bytes(rq), 0, 0,
				BLK_TA_DRV_DATA, 0, len, data,
				blk_trace_request_get_cgid(q, rq));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blk_add_driver_data);

static void blk_register_tracepoints(void)
{
	int ret;

	ret = register_trace_block_rq_insert(blk_add_trace_rq_insert, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_rq_issue(blk_add_trace_rq_issue, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_rq_requeue(blk_add_trace_rq_requeue, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_rq_complete(blk_add_trace_rq_complete, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_bio_bounce(blk_add_trace_bio_bounce, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_bio_complete(blk_add_trace_bio_complete, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_bio_backmerge(blk_add_trace_bio_backmerge, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_bio_frontmerge(blk_add_trace_bio_frontmerge, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_bio_queue(blk_add_trace_bio_queue, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_getrq(blk_add_trace_getrq, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_sleeprq(blk_add_trace_sleeprq, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_plug(blk_add_trace_plug, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_unplug(blk_add_trace_unplug, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_split(blk_add_trace_split, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_bio_remap(blk_add_trace_bio_remap, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
	ret = register_trace_block_rq_remap(blk_add_trace_rq_remap, NULL);
	WARN_ON(ret);
}

static void blk_unregister_tracepoints(void)
{
	unregister_trace_block_rq_remap(blk_add_trace_rq_remap, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_bio_remap(blk_add_trace_bio_remap, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_split(blk_add_trace_split, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_unplug(blk_add_trace_unplug, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_plug(blk_add_trace_plug, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_sleeprq(blk_add_trace_sleeprq, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_getrq(blk_add_trace_getrq, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_bio_queue(blk_add_trace_bio_queue, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_bio_frontmerge(blk_add_trace_bio_frontmerge, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_bio_backmerge(blk_add_trace_bio_backmerge, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_bio_complete(blk_add_trace_bio_complete, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_bio_bounce(blk_add_trace_bio_bounce, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_rq_complete(blk_add_trace_rq_complete, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_rq_requeue(blk_add_trace_rq_requeue, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_rq_issue(blk_add_trace_rq_issue, NULL);
	unregister_trace_block_rq_insert(blk_add_trace_rq_insert, NULL);

	tracepoint_synchronize_unregister();
}

/*
 * struct blk_io_tracer formatting routines
 */

static void fill_rwbs(char *rwbs, const struct blk_io_trace *t)
{
	int i = 0;
	int tc = t->action >> BLK_TC_SHIFT;

	if ((t->action & ~__BLK_TN_CGROUP) == BLK_TN_MESSAGE) {
		rwbs[i++] = 'N';
		goto out;
	}

	if (tc & BLK_TC_FLUSH)
		rwbs[i++] = 'F';

	if (tc & BLK_TC_DISCARD)
		rwbs[i++] = 'D';
	else if (tc & BLK_TC_WRITE)
		rwbs[i++] = 'W';
	else if (t->bytes)
		rwbs[i++] = 'R';
	else
		rwbs[i++] = 'N';

	if (tc & BLK_TC_FUA)
		rwbs[i++] = 'F';
	if (tc & BLK_TC_AHEAD)
		rwbs[i++] = 'A';
	if (tc & BLK_TC_SYNC)
		rwbs[i++] = 'S';
	if (tc & BLK_TC_META)
		rwbs[i++] = 'M';
out:
	rwbs[i] = '\0';
}

static inline
const struct blk_io_trace *te_blk_io_trace(const struct trace_entry *ent)
{
	return (const struct blk_io_trace *)ent;
}

static inline const void *pdu_start(const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	return (void *)(te_blk_io_trace(ent) + 1) +
		(has_cg ? sizeof(union kernfs_node_id) : 0);
}

static inline const void *cgid_start(const struct trace_entry *ent)
{
	return (void *)(te_blk_io_trace(ent) + 1);
}

static inline int pdu_real_len(const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	return te_blk_io_trace(ent)->pdu_len -
			(has_cg ? sizeof(union kernfs_node_id) : 0);
}

static inline u32 t_action(const struct trace_entry *ent)
{
	return te_blk_io_trace(ent)->action;
}

static inline u32 t_bytes(const struct trace_entry *ent)
{
	return te_blk_io_trace(ent)->bytes;
}

static inline u32 t_sec(const struct trace_entry *ent)
{
	return te_blk_io_trace(ent)->bytes >> 9;
}

static inline unsigned long long t_sector(const struct trace_entry *ent)
{
	return te_blk_io_trace(ent)->sector;
}

static inline __u16 t_error(const struct trace_entry *ent)
{
	return te_blk_io_trace(ent)->error;
}

static __u64 get_pdu_int(const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	const __u64 *val = pdu_start(ent, has_cg);
	return be64_to_cpu(*val);
}

static void get_pdu_remap(const struct trace_entry *ent,
			  struct blk_io_trace_remap *r, bool has_cg)
{
	const struct blk_io_trace_remap *__r = pdu_start(ent, has_cg);
	__u64 sector_from = __r->sector_from;

	r->device_from = be32_to_cpu(__r->device_from);
	r->device_to   = be32_to_cpu(__r->device_to);
	r->sector_from = be64_to_cpu(sector_from);
}

typedef void (blk_log_action_t) (struct trace_iterator *iter, const char *act,
	bool has_cg);

static void blk_log_action_classic(struct trace_iterator *iter, const char *act,
	bool has_cg)
{
	char rwbs[RWBS_LEN];
	unsigned long long ts  = iter->ts;
	unsigned long nsec_rem = do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_SEC);
	unsigned secs	       = (unsigned long)ts;
	const struct blk_io_trace *t = te_blk_io_trace(iter->ent);

	fill_rwbs(rwbs, t);

	trace_seq_printf(&iter->seq,
			 "%3d,%-3d %2d %5d.%09lu %5u %2s %3s ",
			 MAJOR(t->device), MINOR(t->device), iter->cpu,
			 secs, nsec_rem, iter->ent->pid, act, rwbs);
}

static void blk_log_action(struct trace_iterator *iter, const char *act,
	bool has_cg)
{
	char rwbs[RWBS_LEN];
	const struct blk_io_trace *t = te_blk_io_trace(iter->ent);

	fill_rwbs(rwbs, t);
	if (has_cg) {
		const union kernfs_node_id *id = cgid_start(iter->ent);

		if (blk_tracer_flags.val & TRACE_BLK_OPT_CGNAME) {
			char blkcg_name_buf[NAME_MAX + 1] = "<...>";

			cgroup_path_from_kernfs_id(id, blkcg_name_buf,
				sizeof(blkcg_name_buf));
			trace_seq_printf(&iter->seq, "%3d,%-3d %s %2s %3s ",
				 MAJOR(t->device), MINOR(t->device),
				 blkcg_name_buf, act, rwbs);
		} else
			trace_seq_printf(&iter->seq,
				 "%3d,%-3d %x,%-x %2s %3s ",
				 MAJOR(t->device), MINOR(t->device),
				 id->ino, id->generation, act, rwbs);
	} else
		trace_seq_printf(&iter->seq, "%3d,%-3d %2s %3s ",
				 MAJOR(t->device), MINOR(t->device), act, rwbs);
}

static void blk_log_dump_pdu(struct trace_seq *s,
	const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	const unsigned char *pdu_buf;
	int pdu_len;
	int i, end;

	pdu_buf = pdu_start(ent, has_cg);
	pdu_len = pdu_real_len(ent, has_cg);

	if (!pdu_len)
		return;

	/* find the last zero that needs to be printed */
	for (end = pdu_len - 1; end >= 0; end--)
		if (pdu_buf[end])
			break;
	end++;

	trace_seq_putc(s, '(');

	for (i = 0; i < pdu_len; i++) {

		trace_seq_printf(s, "%s%02x",
				 i == 0 ? "" : " ", pdu_buf[i]);

		/*
		 * stop when the rest is just zeroes and indicate so
		 * with a ".." appended
		 */
		if (i == end && end != pdu_len - 1) {
			trace_seq_puts(s, " ..) ");
			return;
		}
	}

	trace_seq_puts(s, ") ");
}

static void blk_log_generic(struct trace_seq *s, const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	char cmd[TASK_COMM_LEN];

	trace_find_cmdline(ent->pid, cmd);

	if (t_action(ent) & BLK_TC_ACT(BLK_TC_PC)) {
		trace_seq_printf(s, "%u ", t_bytes(ent));
		blk_log_dump_pdu(s, ent, has_cg);
		trace_seq_printf(s, "[%s]\n", cmd);
	} else {
		if (t_sec(ent))
			trace_seq_printf(s, "%llu + %u [%s]\n",
						t_sector(ent), t_sec(ent), cmd);
		else
			trace_seq_printf(s, "[%s]\n", cmd);
	}
}

static void blk_log_with_error(struct trace_seq *s,
			      const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	if (t_action(ent) & BLK_TC_ACT(BLK_TC_PC)) {
		blk_log_dump_pdu(s, ent, has_cg);
		trace_seq_printf(s, "[%d]\n", t_error(ent));
	} else {
		if (t_sec(ent))
			trace_seq_printf(s, "%llu + %u [%d]\n",
					 t_sector(ent),
					 t_sec(ent), t_error(ent));
		else
			trace_seq_printf(s, "%llu [%d]\n",
					 t_sector(ent), t_error(ent));
	}
}

static void blk_log_remap(struct trace_seq *s, const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	struct blk_io_trace_remap r = { .device_from = 0, };

	get_pdu_remap(ent, &r, has_cg);
	trace_seq_printf(s, "%llu + %u <- (%d,%d) %llu\n",
			 t_sector(ent), t_sec(ent),
			 MAJOR(r.device_from), MINOR(r.device_from),
			 (unsigned long long)r.sector_from);
}

static void blk_log_plug(struct trace_seq *s, const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	char cmd[TASK_COMM_LEN];

	trace_find_cmdline(ent->pid, cmd);

	trace_seq_printf(s, "[%s]\n", cmd);
}

static void blk_log_unplug(struct trace_seq *s, const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	char cmd[TASK_COMM_LEN];

	trace_find_cmdline(ent->pid, cmd);

	trace_seq_printf(s, "[%s] %llu\n", cmd, get_pdu_int(ent, has_cg));
}

static void blk_log_split(struct trace_seq *s, const struct trace_entry *ent, bool has_cg)
{
	char cmd[TASK_COMM_LEN];

	trace_find_cmdline(ent->pid, cmd);

	trace_seq_printf(s, "%llu / %llu [%s]\n", t_sector(ent),
			 get_pdu_int(ent, has_cg), cmd);
}

static void blk_log_msg(struct trace_seq *s, const struct trace_entry *ent,
			bool has_cg)
{

	trace_seq_putmem(s, pdu_start(ent, has_cg),
		pdu_real_len(ent, has_cg));
	trace_seq_putc(s, '\n');
}

/*
 * struct tracer operations
 */

static void blk_tracer_print_header(struct seq_file *m)
{
	if (!(blk_tracer_flags.val & TRACE_BLK_OPT_CLASSIC))
		return;
	seq_puts(m, "# DEV   CPU TIMESTAMP     PID ACT FLG\n"
		    "#  |     |     |           |   |   |\n");
}

static void blk_tracer_start(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	blk_tracer_enabled = true;
}

static int blk_tracer_init(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	blk_tr = tr;
	blk_tracer_start(tr);
	return 0;
}

static void blk_tracer_stop(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	blk_tracer_enabled = false;
}

static void blk_tracer_reset(struct trace_array *tr)
{
	blk_tracer_stop(tr);
}

static const struct {
	const char *act[2];
	void	   (*print)(struct trace_seq *s, const struct trace_entry *ent,
			    bool has_cg);
} what2act[] = {
	[__BLK_TA_QUEUE]	= {{  "Q", "queue" },	   blk_log_generic },
	[__BLK_TA_BACKMERGE]	= {{  "M", "backmerge" },  blk_log_generic },
	[__BLK_TA_FRONTMERGE]	= {{  "F", "frontmerge" }, blk_log_generic },
	[__BLK_TA_GETRQ]	= {{  "G", "getrq" },	   blk_log_generic },
	[__BLK_TA_SLEEPRQ]	= {{  "S", "sleeprq" },	   blk_log_generic },
	[__BLK_TA_REQUEUE]	= {{  "R", "requeue" },	   blk_log_with_error },
	[__BLK_TA_ISSUE]	= {{  "D", "issue" },	   blk_log_generic },
	[__BLK_TA_COMPLETE]	= {{  "C", "complete" },   blk_log_with_error },
	[__BLK_TA_PLUG]		= {{  "P", "plug" },	   blk_log_plug },
	[__BLK_TA_UNPLUG_IO]	= {{  "U", "unplug_io" },  blk_log_unplug },
	[__BLK_TA_UNPLUG_TIMER]	= {{ "UT", "unplug_timer" }, blk_log_unplug },
	[__BLK_TA_INSERT]	= {{  "I", "insert" },	   blk_log_generic },
	[__BLK_TA_SPLIT]	= {{  "X", "split" },	   blk_log_split },
	[__BLK_TA_BOUNCE]	= {{  "B", "bounce" },	   blk_log_generic },
	[__BLK_TA_REMAP]	= {{  "A", "remap" },	   blk_log_remap },
};

static enum print_line_t print_one_line(struct trace_iterator *iter,
					bool classic)
{
	struct trace_array *tr = iter->tr;
	struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
	const struct blk_io_trace *t;
	u16 what;
	bool long_act;
	blk_log_action_t *log_action;
	bool has_cg;

	t	   = te_blk_io_trace(iter->ent);
	what	   = (t->action & ((1 << BLK_TC_SHIFT) - 1)) & ~__BLK_TA_CGROUP;
	long_act   = !!(tr->trace_flags & TRACE_ITER_VERBOSE);
	log_action = classic ? &blk_log_action_classic : &blk_log_action;
	has_cg	   = t->action & __BLK_TA_CGROUP;

	if ((t->action & ~__BLK_TN_CGROUP) == BLK_TN_MESSAGE) {
		log_action(iter, long_act ? "message" : "m", has_cg);
		blk_log_msg(s, iter->ent, has_cg);
		return trace_handle_return(s);
	}

	if (unlikely(what == 0 || what >= ARRAY_SIZE(what2act)))
		trace_seq_printf(s, "Unknown action %x\n", what);
	else {
		log_action(iter, what2act[what].act[long_act], has_cg);
		what2act[what].print(s, iter->ent, has_cg);
	}

	return trace_handle_return(s);
}

static enum print_line_t blk_trace_event_print(struct trace_iterator *iter,
					       int flags, struct trace_event *event)
{
	return print_one_line(iter, false);
}

static void blk_trace_synthesize_old_trace(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
	struct blk_io_trace *t = (struct blk_io_trace *)iter->ent;
	const int offset = offsetof(struct blk_io_trace, sector);
	struct blk_io_trace old = {
		.magic	  = BLK_IO_TRACE_MAGIC | BLK_IO_TRACE_VERSION,
		.time     = iter->ts,
	};

	trace_seq_putmem(s, &old, offset);
	trace_seq_putmem(s, &t->sector,
			 sizeof(old) - offset + t->pdu_len);
}

static enum print_line_t
blk_trace_event_print_binary(struct trace_iterator *iter, int flags,
			     struct trace_event *event)
{
	blk_trace_synthesize_old_trace(iter);

	return trace_handle_return(&iter->seq);
}

static enum print_line_t blk_tracer_print_line(struct trace_iterator *iter)
{
	if (!(blk_tracer_flags.val & TRACE_BLK_OPT_CLASSIC))
		return TRACE_TYPE_UNHANDLED;

	return print_one_line(iter, true);
}

static int
blk_tracer_set_flag(struct trace_array *tr, u32 old_flags, u32 bit, int set)
{
	/* don't output context-info for blk_classic output */
	if (bit == TRACE_BLK_OPT_CLASSIC) {
		if (set)
			tr->trace_flags &= ~TRACE_ITER_CONTEXT_INFO;
		else
			tr->trace_flags |= TRACE_ITER_CONTEXT_INFO;
	}
	return 0;
}

static struct tracer blk_tracer __read_mostly = {
	.name		= "blk",
	.init		= blk_tracer_init,
	.reset		= blk_tracer_reset,
	.start		= blk_tracer_start,
	.stop		= blk_tracer_stop,
	.print_header	= blk_tracer_print_header,
	.print_line	= blk_tracer_print_line,
	.flags		= &blk_tracer_flags,
	.set_flag	= blk_tracer_set_flag,
};

static struct trace_event_functions trace_blk_event_funcs = {
	.trace		= blk_trace_event_print,
	.binary		= blk_trace_event_print_binary,
};

static struct trace_event trace_blk_event = {
	.type		= TRACE_BLK,
	.funcs		= &trace_blk_event_funcs,
};

static int __init init_blk_tracer(void)
{
	if (!register_trace_event(&trace_blk_event)) {
		pr_warn("Warning: could not register block events\n");
		return 1;
	}

	if (register_tracer(&blk_tracer) != 0) {
		pr_warn("Warning: could not register the block tracer\n");
		unregister_trace_event(&trace_blk_event);
		return 1;
	}

	return 0;
}

device_initcall(init_blk_tracer);

static int blk_trace_remove_queue(struct request_queue *q)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt;

	bt = xchg(&q->blk_trace, NULL);
	if (bt == NULL)
		return -EINVAL;

	put_probe_ref();
	blk_trace_free(bt);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Setup everything required to start tracing
 */
static int blk_trace_setup_queue(struct request_queue *q,
				 struct block_device *bdev)
{
	struct blk_trace *bt = NULL;
	int ret = -ENOMEM;

	bt = kzalloc(sizeof(*bt), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!bt)
		return -ENOMEM;

	bt->msg_data = __alloc_percpu(BLK_TN_MAX_MSG, __alignof__(char));
	if (!bt->msg_data)
		goto free_bt;

	bt->dev = bdev->bd_dev;
	bt->act_mask = (u16)-1;

	blk_trace_setup_lba(bt, bdev);

	ret = -EBUSY;
	if (cmpxchg(&q->blk_trace, NULL, bt))
		goto free_bt;

	get_probe_ref();
	return 0;

free_bt:
	blk_trace_free(bt);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * sysfs interface to enable and configure tracing
 */

static ssize_t sysfs_blk_trace_attr_show(struct device *dev,
					 struct device_attribute *attr,
					 char *buf);
static ssize_t sysfs_blk_trace_attr_store(struct device *dev,
					  struct device_attribute *attr,
					  const char *buf, size_t count);
#define BLK_TRACE_DEVICE_ATTR(_name) \
	DEVICE_ATTR(_name, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, \
		    sysfs_blk_trace_attr_show, \
		    sysfs_blk_trace_attr_store)

static BLK_TRACE_DEVICE_ATTR(enable);
static BLK_TRACE_DEVICE_ATTR(act_mask);
static BLK_TRACE_DEVICE_ATTR(pid);
static BLK_TRACE_DEVICE_ATTR(start_lba);
static BLK_TRACE_DEVICE_ATTR(end_lba);

static struct attribute *blk_trace_attrs[] = {
	&dev_attr_enable.attr,
	&dev_attr_act_mask.attr,
	&dev_attr_pid.attr,
	&dev_attr_start_lba.attr,
	&dev_attr_end_lba.attr,
	NULL
};

struct attribute_group blk_trace_attr_group = {
	.name  = "trace",
	.attrs = blk_trace_attrs,
};

static const struct {
	int mask;
	const char *str;
} mask_maps[] = {
	{ BLK_TC_READ,		"read"		},
	{ BLK_TC_WRITE,		"write"		},
	{ BLK_TC_FLUSH,		"flush"		},
	{ BLK_TC_SYNC,		"sync"		},
	{ BLK_TC_QUEUE,		"queue"		},
	{ BLK_TC_REQUEUE,	"requeue"	},
	{ BLK_TC_ISSUE,		"issue"		},
	{ BLK_TC_COMPLETE,	"complete"	},
	{ BLK_TC_FS,		"fs"		},
	{ BLK_TC_PC,		"pc"		},
	{ BLK_TC_NOTIFY,	"notify"	},
	{ BLK_TC_AHEAD,		"ahead"		},
	{ BLK_TC_META,		"meta"		},
	{ BLK_TC_DISCARD,	"discard"	},
	{ BLK_TC_DRV_DATA,	"drv_data"	},
	{ BLK_TC_FUA,		"fua"		},
};

static int blk_trace_str2mask(const char *str)
{
	int i;
	int mask = 0;
	char *buf, *s, *token;

	buf = kstrdup(str, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (buf == NULL)
		return -ENOMEM;
	s = strstrip(buf);

	while (1) {
		token = strsep(&s, ",");
		if (token == NULL)
			break;

		if (*token == '\0')
			continue;

		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mask_maps); i++) {
			if (strcasecmp(token, mask_maps[i].str) == 0) {
				mask |= mask_maps[i].mask;
				break;
			}
		}
		if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(mask_maps)) {
			mask = -EINVAL;
			break;
		}
	}
	kfree(buf);

	return mask;
}

static ssize_t blk_trace_mask2str(char *buf, int mask)
{
	int i;
	char *p = buf;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mask_maps); i++) {
		if (mask & mask_maps[i].mask) {
			p += sprintf(p, "%s%s",
				    (p == buf) ? "" : ",", mask_maps[i].str);
		}
	}
	*p++ = '\n';

	return p - buf;
}

static struct request_queue *blk_trace_get_queue(struct block_device *bdev)
{
	if (bdev->bd_disk == NULL)
		return NULL;

	return bdev_get_queue(bdev);
}

static ssize_t sysfs_blk_trace_attr_show(struct device *dev,
					 struct device_attribute *attr,
					 char *buf)
{
	struct hd_struct *p = dev_to_part(dev);
	struct request_queue *q;
	struct block_device *bdev;
	ssize_t ret = -ENXIO;

	bdev = bdget(part_devt(p));
	if (bdev == NULL)
		goto out;

	q = blk_trace_get_queue(bdev);
	if (q == NULL)
		goto out_bdput;

	mutex_lock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);

	if (attr == &dev_attr_enable) {
		ret = sprintf(buf, "%u\n", !!q->blk_trace);
		goto out_unlock_bdev;
	}

	if (q->blk_trace == NULL)
		ret = sprintf(buf, "disabled\n");
	else if (attr == &dev_attr_act_mask)
		ret = blk_trace_mask2str(buf, q->blk_trace->act_mask);
	else if (attr == &dev_attr_pid)
		ret = sprintf(buf, "%u\n", q->blk_trace->pid);
	else if (attr == &dev_attr_start_lba)
		ret = sprintf(buf, "%llu\n", q->blk_trace->start_lba);
	else if (attr == &dev_attr_end_lba)
		ret = sprintf(buf, "%llu\n", q->blk_trace->end_lba);

out_unlock_bdev:
	mutex_unlock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);
out_bdput:
	bdput(bdev);
out:
	return ret;
}

static ssize_t sysfs_blk_trace_attr_store(struct device *dev,
					  struct device_attribute *attr,
					  const char *buf, size_t count)
{
	struct block_device *bdev;
	struct request_queue *q;
	struct hd_struct *p;
	u64 value;
	ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;

	if (count == 0)
		goto out;

	if (attr == &dev_attr_act_mask) {
		if (kstrtoull(buf, 0, &value)) {
			/* Assume it is a list of trace category names */
			ret = blk_trace_str2mask(buf);
			if (ret < 0)
				goto out;
			value = ret;
		}
	} else if (kstrtoull(buf, 0, &value))
		goto out;

	ret = -ENXIO;

	p = dev_to_part(dev);
	bdev = bdget(part_devt(p));
	if (bdev == NULL)
		goto out;

	q = blk_trace_get_queue(bdev);
	if (q == NULL)
		goto out_bdput;

	mutex_lock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);

	if (attr == &dev_attr_enable) {
		if (!!value == !!q->blk_trace) {
			ret = 0;
			goto out_unlock_bdev;
		}
		if (value)
			ret = blk_trace_setup_queue(q, bdev);
		else
			ret = blk_trace_remove_queue(q);
		goto out_unlock_bdev;
	}

	ret = 0;
	if (q->blk_trace == NULL)
		ret = blk_trace_setup_queue(q, bdev);

	if (ret == 0) {
		if (attr == &dev_attr_act_mask)
			q->blk_trace->act_mask = value;
		else if (attr == &dev_attr_pid)
			q->blk_trace->pid = value;
		else if (attr == &dev_attr_start_lba)
			q->blk_trace->start_lba = value;
		else if (attr == &dev_attr_end_lba)
			q->blk_trace->end_lba = value;
	}

out_unlock_bdev:
	mutex_unlock(&q->blk_trace_mutex);
out_bdput:
	bdput(bdev);
out:
	return ret ? ret : count;
}

int blk_trace_init_sysfs(struct device *dev)
{
	return sysfs_create_group(&dev->kobj, &blk_trace_attr_group);
}

void blk_trace_remove_sysfs(struct device *dev)
{
	sysfs_remove_group(&dev->kobj, &blk_trace_attr_group);
}

#endif /* CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IO_TRACE */

#ifdef CONFIG_EVENT_TRACING

void blk_fill_rwbs(char *rwbs, unsigned int op, int bytes)
{
	int i = 0;

	if (op & REQ_PREFLUSH)
		rwbs[i++] = 'F';

	switch (op & REQ_OP_MASK) {
	case REQ_OP_WRITE:
	case REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME:
		rwbs[i++] = 'W';
		break;
	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
		rwbs[i++] = 'D';
		break;
	case REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE:
		rwbs[i++] = 'D';
		rwbs[i++] = 'E';
		break;
	case REQ_OP_FLUSH:
		rwbs[i++] = 'F';
		break;
	case REQ_OP_READ:
		rwbs[i++] = 'R';
		break;
	default:
		rwbs[i++] = 'N';
	}

	if (op & REQ_FUA)
		rwbs[i++] = 'F';
	if (op & REQ_RAHEAD)
		rwbs[i++] = 'A';
	if (op & REQ_SYNC)
		rwbs[i++] = 'S';
	if (op & REQ_META)
		rwbs[i++] = 'M';

	rwbs[i] = '\0';
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blk_fill_rwbs);

#endif /* CONFIG_EVENT_TRACING */