Training courses

Kernel and Embedded Linux

Bootlin training courses

Embedded Linux, kernel,
Yocto Project, Buildroot, real-time,
graphics, boot time, debugging...

Bootlin logo

Elixir Cross Referencer

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
# For a description of the syntax of this configuration file,
# see Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.txt.

config CONFIG_TILE
	def_bool y
	select CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_DEVMEM_IS_ALLOWED
	select CONFIG_ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG
	select CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_FRAME_POINTERS
	select CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE
	select CONFIG_EDAC_SUPPORT
	select CONFIG_GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS
	select CONFIG_GENERIC_FIND_FIRST_BIT
	select CONFIG_GENERIC_IRQ_PROBE
	select CONFIG_GENERIC_IRQ_SHOW
	select CONFIG_GENERIC_PENDING_IRQ if CONFIG_SMP
	select CONFIG_GENERIC_STRNCPY_FROM_USER
	select CONFIG_GENERIC_STRNLEN_USER
	select CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP_FILTER
	select CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
	select CONFIG_HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING
	select CONFIG_HAVE_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE
	select CONFIG_HAVE_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
	select CONFIG_HAVE_DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW
	select CONFIG_HAVE_DMA_API_DEBUG
	select CONFIG_HAVE_EXIT_THREAD
	select CONFIG_HAVE_KVM if !CONFIG_TILEGX
	select CONFIG_HAVE_NMI if CONFIG_USE_PMC
	select CONFIG_HAVE_PERF_EVENTS
	select CONFIG_HAVE_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINTS
	select CONFIG_MODULES_USE_ELF_RELA
	select CONFIG_SYSCTL_EXCEPTION_TRACE
	select CONFIG_SYS_HYPERVISOR
	select CONFIG_USER_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
	select CONFIG_USE_PMC if CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS
	select CONFIG_VIRT_TO_BUS

config CONFIG_MMU
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_GENERIC_CSUM
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_ALLOC_REMAP
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_HAVE_SETUP_PER_CPU_AREA
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_NEED_PER_CPU_PAGE_FIRST_CHUNK
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_SYS_SUPPORTS_HUGETLBFS
	def_bool y

# Support for additional huge page sizes besides HPAGE_SIZE.
# The software support is currently only present in the CONFIG_TILE-Gx
# hypervisor. TILEPro in any case does not support page sizes
# larger than the default HPAGE_SIZE.
config CONFIG_HUGETLB_SUPER_PAGES
	depends on CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE && CONFIG_TILEGX
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_GENERIC_TIME_VSYSCALL
	def_bool y

# Enable PMC if CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS, CONFIG_OPROFILE, or WATCHPOINTS are enabled.
config CONFIG_USE_PMC
	bool

# FIXME: tilegx can implement a more efficient rwsem.
config CONFIG_RWSEM_GENERIC_SPINLOCK
	def_bool y

# We only support gcc 4.4 and above, so this should work.
config CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_OPTIMIZED_INLINING
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_ARCH_PHYS_ADDR_T_64BIT
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_ARCH_DMA_ADDR_T_64BIT
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_NEED_DMA_MAP_STATE
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_DMA_SET_COHERENT_MASK
	bool

config CONFIG_LOCKDEP_SUPPORT
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
	def_bool y
	select CONFIG_STACKTRACE

# We use discontigmem for now; at some point we may want to switch
# to sparsemem (Tilera bug 7996).
config CONFIG_ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_ENABLE
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_ARCH_DISCONTIGMEM_DEFAULT
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT
	def_bool y

# CONFIG_SMP is required for Tilera Linux.
config CONFIG_SMP
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_HVC_TILE
	depends on CONFIG_TTY
	select CONFIG_HVC_DRIVER
	select CONFIG_HVC_IRQ if CONFIG_TILEGX
	def_bool y

# Building with CONFIG_ARCH=tilegx (or CONFIG_ARCH=tile) implies using the
# 64-bit CONFIG_TILE-Gx toolchain, so force CONFIG_TILEGX on.
config CONFIG_TILEGX
	def_bool CONFIG_ARCH != "tilepro"
	select CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_ATOMIC_RMW
	select CONFIG_GENERIC_IRQ_LEGACY_ALLOC_HWIRQ
	select CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL
	select CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_KGDB
	select CONFIG_HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE
	select CONFIG_HAVE_FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD
	select CONFIG_HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
	select CONFIG_HAVE_FUNCTION_TRACER
	select CONFIG_HAVE_KPROBES
	select CONFIG_HAVE_KRETPROBES
	select CONFIG_SPARSE_IRQ

config CONFIG_TILEPRO
	def_bool !CONFIG_TILEGX

config CONFIG_64BIT
	def_bool CONFIG_TILEGX

config CONFIG_ARCH_DEFCONFIG
	string
	default "arch/tile/configs/tilepro_defconfig" if !CONFIG_TILEGX
	default "arch/tile/configs/tilegx_defconfig" if CONFIG_TILEGX

config CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS
	int
	default 3 if CONFIG_64BIT
	default 2

source "init/Kconfig"

source "kernel/Kconfig.freezer"

menu "Tilera-specific configuration"

config CONFIG_NR_CPUS
	int "Maximum number of tiles (2-255)"
	range 2 255
	depends on CONFIG_SMP
	default "64"
	---help---
	  Building with 64 is the recommended value, but a slightly
	  smaller kernel memory footprint results from using a smaller
	  value on chips with fewer tiles.

choice
	prompt "Kernel page size"
	default CONFIG_PAGE_SIZE_64KB
	help
	  This lets you select the page size of the kernel.  For best
	  performance on memory-intensive applications, a page size of 64KB
	  is recommended.  For workloads involving many small files, many
	  connections, etc., it may be better to select 16KB, which uses
	  memory more efficiently at some cost in TLB performance.

	  Note that for TILEPro, you must also rebuild the hypervisor
	  with a matching page size.

config CONFIG_PAGE_SIZE_4KB
	bool "4KB" if CONFIG_TILEPRO

config CONFIG_PAGE_SIZE_16KB
	bool "16KB"

config CONFIG_PAGE_SIZE_64KB
	bool "64KB"

endchoice

source "kernel/Kconfig.hz"

config CONFIG_KEXEC
	bool "kexec system call"
	select CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
	---help---
	  kexec is a system call that implements the ability to shutdown your
	  current kernel, and to start another kernel.  It is like a reboot
	  but it is independent of the system firmware.   It is used
	  to implement the "mboot" Tilera booter.

	  The name comes from the similarity to the exec system call.

config CONFIG_COMPAT
	bool "Support 32-bit TILE-Gx binaries in addition to 64-bit"
	depends on CONFIG_TILEGX
	select CONFIG_COMPAT_BINFMT_ELF
	default y
	---help---
	  If enabled, the kernel will support running CONFIG_TILE-Gx binaries
	  that were built with the -m32 option.

config CONFIG_SECCOMP
	bool "Enable seccomp to safely compute untrusted bytecode"
	depends on CONFIG_PROC_FS
	help
	  This kernel feature is useful for number crunching applications
	  that may need to compute untrusted bytecode during their
	  execution. By using pipes or other transports made available to
	  the process as file descriptors supporting the read/write
	  syscalls, it's possible to isolate those applications in
	  their own address space using seccomp. Once seccomp is
	  enabled via prctl, it cannot be disabled and the task is only
	  allowed to execute a few safe syscalls defined by each seccomp
	  mode.

	  If unsure, say N.

config CONFIG_SYSVIPC_COMPAT
	def_bool y
	depends on CONFIG_COMPAT && CONFIG_SYSVIPC

# We do not currently support disabling CONFIG_HIGHMEM on tilepro.
config CONFIG_HIGHMEM
	bool # "Support for more than 512 MB of RAM"
	default !CONFIG_TILEGX
	---help---
	  Linux can use the full amount of RAM in the system by
	  default.  However, the address space of CONFIG_TILE processors is
	  only 4 Gigabytes large. That means that, if you have a large
	  amount of physical memory, not all of it can be "permanently
	  mapped" by the kernel. The physical memory that's not
	  permanently mapped is called "high memory".

	  If you are compiling a kernel which will never run on a
	  machine with more than 512 MB total physical RAM, answer
	  "false" here. This will result in the kernel mapping all of
	  physical memory into the top 1 GB of virtual memory space.

	  If unsure, say "true".

config CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
	def_bool y

config CONFIG_IOMMU_HELPER
	bool

config CONFIG_NEED_SG_DMA_LENGTH
	bool

config CONFIG_SWIOTLB
	bool
	default CONFIG_TILEGX
	select CONFIG_IOMMU_HELPER
	select CONFIG_NEED_SG_DMA_LENGTH
	select CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_DMA_SET_COHERENT_MASK

# We do not currently support disabling CONFIG_NUMA.
config CONFIG_NUMA
	bool # "NUMA Memory Allocation and Scheduler Support"
	depends on CONFIG_SMP && CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
	default y
	---help---
	  CONFIG_NUMA memory allocation is required for CONFIG_TILE processors
	  unless booting with memory striping enabled in the
	  hypervisor, or with only a single memory controller.
	  It is recommended that this option always be enabled.

config CONFIG_NODES_SHIFT
	int "Log base 2 of the max number of memory controllers"
	default 2
	depends on CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
	---help---
	  By default, 2, i.e. 2^2 == 4 DDR2 controllers.
	  In a system with more controllers, this value should be raised.

choice
	depends on !CONFIG_TILEGX
	prompt "Memory split" if CONFIG_EXPERT
	default CONFIG_VMSPLIT_3G
	---help---
	  Select the desired split between kernel and user memory.

	  If the address range available to the kernel is less than the
	  physical memory installed, the remaining memory will be available
	  as "high memory". Accessing high memory is a little more costly
	  than low memory, as it needs to be mapped into the kernel first.
	  Note that increasing the kernel address space limits the range
	  available to user programs, making the address space there
	  tighter.  Selecting anything other than the default 3G/1G split
	  will also likely make your kernel incompatible with binary-only
	  kernel modules.

	  If you are not absolutely sure what you are doing, leave this
	  option alone!

	config CONFIG_VMSPLIT_3_75G
		bool "3.75G/0.25G user/kernel split (no kernel networking)"
	config CONFIG_VMSPLIT_3_5G
		bool "3.5G/0.5G user/kernel split"
	config CONFIG_VMSPLIT_3G
		bool "3G/1G user/kernel split"
	config CONFIG_VMSPLIT_2_75G
		bool "2.75G/1.25G user/kernel split (for full 1G low memory)"
	config CONFIG_VMSPLIT_2_5G
		bool "2.5G/1.5G user/kernel split"
	config CONFIG_VMSPLIT_2_25G
		bool "2.25G/1.75G user/kernel split"
	config CONFIG_VMSPLIT_2G
		bool "2G/2G user/kernel split"
	config CONFIG_VMSPLIT_1G
		bool "1G/3G user/kernel split"
endchoice

config CONFIG_PAGE_OFFSET
	hex
	depends on !CONFIG_64BIT
	default 0xF0000000 if CONFIG_VMSPLIT_3_75G
	default 0xE0000000 if CONFIG_VMSPLIT_3_5G
	default 0xB0000000 if CONFIG_VMSPLIT_2_75G
	default 0xA0000000 if CONFIG_VMSPLIT_2_5G
	default 0x90000000 if CONFIG_VMSPLIT_2_25G
	default 0x80000000 if CONFIG_VMSPLIT_2G
	default 0x40000000 if CONFIG_VMSPLIT_1G
	default 0xC0000000

source "mm/Kconfig"

source "kernel/Kconfig.preempt"

config CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
	bool "Built-in kernel command line"
	default n
	---help---
	  Allow for specifying boot arguments to the kernel at
	  build time.  On some systems (e.g. embedded ones), it is
	  necessary or convenient to provide some or all of the
	  kernel boot arguments with the kernel itself (that is,
	  to not rely on the boot loader to provide them.)

	  To compile command line arguments into the kernel,
	  set this option to 'Y', then fill in the
	  the boot arguments in CONFIG_CMDLINE.

	  Systems with fully functional boot loaders (e.g. mboot, or
	  if booting over CONFIG_PCI) should leave this option set to 'N'.

config CONFIG_CMDLINE
	string "Built-in kernel command string"
	depends on CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
	default ""
	---help---
	  Enter arguments here that should be compiled into the kernel
	  image and used at boot time.  If the boot loader provides a
	  command line at boot time, it is appended to this string to
	  form the full kernel command line, when the system boots.

	  However, you can use the CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE option to
	  change this behavior.

	  In most cases, the command line (whether built-in or provided
	  by the boot loader) should specify the device for the root
	  file system.

config CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE
	bool "Built-in command line overrides boot loader arguments"
	default n
	depends on CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL
	---help---
	  Set this option to 'Y' to have the kernel ignore the boot loader
	  command line, and use ONLY the built-in command line.

	  This is used to work around broken boot loaders.  This should
	  be set to 'N' under normal conditions.

config CONFIG_VMALLOC_RESERVE
	hex
	default 0x2000000

config CONFIG_HARDWALL
	bool "Hardwall support to allow access to user dynamic network"
	default y

config CONFIG_KERNEL_PL
	int "Processor protection level for kernel"
	range 1 2
	default 2 if CONFIG_TILEGX
	default 1 if !CONFIG_TILEGX
	---help---
	  Since MDE 4.2, the Tilera hypervisor runs the kernel
	  at PL2 by default.  If running under an older hypervisor,
	  or as a CONFIG_KVM guest, you must run at PL1.  (The current
	  hypervisor may also be recompiled with "make HV_PL=2" to
	  allow it to run a kernel at PL1, but clients running at PL1
	  are not expected to be supported indefinitely.)

	  If you're not sure, don't change the default.

source "arch/tile/gxio/Kconfig"

endmenu  # Tilera-specific configuration

menu "Bus options"

config CONFIG_PCI
	bool "PCI support"
	default y
	select CONFIG_PCI_DOMAINS
	select CONFIG_GENERIC_PCI_IOMAP
	select CONFIG_TILE_GXIO_TRIO if CONFIG_TILEGX
	select CONFIG_PCI_MSI if CONFIG_TILEGX
	---help---
	  Enable CONFIG_PCI root complex support, so PCIe endpoint devices can
	  be attached to the Tile chip.  Many, but not all, CONFIG_PCI devices
	  are supported under Tilera's root complex driver.

config CONFIG_PCI_DOMAINS
	bool

config CONFIG_NO_IOMEM
	def_bool !CONFIG_PCI

config CONFIG_NO_IOPORT_MAP
	def_bool !CONFIG_PCI

config CONFIG_TILE_PCI_IO
	bool "PCI I/O space support"
	default n
	depends on CONFIG_PCI
	depends on CONFIG_TILEGX
	---help---
	  Enable CONFIG_PCI I/O space support on TILEGx. Since the CONFIG_PCI I/O space
	  is used by few modern PCIe endpoint devices, its support is disabled
	  by default to save the TRIO PIO Region resource for other purposes.

source "drivers/pci/Kconfig"

config CONFIG_TILE_USB
	tristate "Tilera USB host adapter support"
	default y
	depends on CONFIG_USB
	depends on CONFIG_TILEGX
	select CONFIG_TILE_GXIO_USB_HOST
	---help---
	  Provides CONFIG_USB host adapter support for the built-in EHCI and OHCI
	  interfaces on CONFIG_TILE-Gx chips.

endmenu

menu "Executable file formats"

source "fs/Kconfig.binfmt"

endmenu

source "net/Kconfig"

source "drivers/Kconfig"

source "fs/Kconfig"

source "arch/tile/Kconfig.debug"

source "security/Kconfig"

source "crypto/Kconfig"

source "lib/Kconfig"

source "arch/tile/kvm/Kconfig"