Training courses

Kernel and Embedded Linux

Bootlin training courses

Embedded Linux, kernel,
Yocto Project, Buildroot, real-time,
graphics, boot time, debugging...

Bootlin logo

Elixir Cross Referencer

  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
/*
 * Copyright 2015-2017 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
 * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
 * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
 * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
 * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
 * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) OR AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
 * OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
 * ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
 * OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */

/* To compile this assembly code:
 * PROJECT=vi ./sp3 cwsr_trap_handler_gfx8.asm -hex tmp.hex
 */

/**************************************************************************/
/*                      variables                                         */
/**************************************************************************/
var SQ_WAVE_STATUS_INST_ATC_SHIFT  = 23
var SQ_WAVE_STATUS_INST_ATC_MASK   = 0x00800000
var SQ_WAVE_STATUS_SPI_PRIO_SHIFT  = 1
var SQ_WAVE_STATUS_SPI_PRIO_MASK   = 0x00000006
var SQ_WAVE_STATUS_PRE_SPI_PRIO_SHIFT   = 0
var SQ_WAVE_STATUS_PRE_SPI_PRIO_SIZE    = 1
var SQ_WAVE_STATUS_POST_SPI_PRIO_SHIFT  = 3
var SQ_WAVE_STATUS_POST_SPI_PRIO_SIZE   = 29

var SQ_WAVE_LDS_ALLOC_LDS_SIZE_SHIFT    = 12
var SQ_WAVE_LDS_ALLOC_LDS_SIZE_SIZE     = 9
var SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_VGPR_SIZE_SHIFT   = 8
var SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_VGPR_SIZE_SIZE    = 6
var SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_SGPR_SIZE_SHIFT   = 24
var SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_SGPR_SIZE_SIZE    = 3                     //FIXME  sq.blk still has 4 bits at this time while SQ programming guide has 3 bits

var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_SAVECTX_MASK    =   0x400
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_EXCE_MASK       =   0x1FF                   // Exception mask
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_SAVECTX_SHIFT   =   10
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_MEM_VIOL_MASK   =   0x100
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_MEM_VIOL_SHIFT  =   8
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_PRE_SAVECTX_MASK    =   0x3FF
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_PRE_SAVECTX_SHIFT   =   0x0
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_PRE_SAVECTX_SIZE    =   10
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_POST_SAVECTX_MASK   =   0xFFFFF800
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_POST_SAVECTX_SHIFT  =   11
var SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_POST_SAVECTX_SIZE   =   21

var SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_RCNT_SHIFT           =   16                  //FIXME
var SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_RCNT_SIZE            =   4                   //FIXME
var SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_FIRST_REPLAY_SHIFT   =   15                  //FIXME
var SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_FIRST_REPLAY_SIZE    =   1                   //FIXME
var SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_RCNT_FIRST_REPLAY_MASK_NEG   = 0x00007FFF    //FIXME

var SQ_BUF_RSRC_WORD1_ATC_SHIFT     =   24
var SQ_BUF_RSRC_WORD3_MTYPE_SHIFT   =   27


/*      Save        */
var S_SAVE_BUF_RSRC_WORD1_STRIDE        =   0x00040000          //stride is 4 bytes
var S_SAVE_BUF_RSRC_WORD3_MISC          =   0x00807FAC          //SQ_SEL_X/Y/Z/W, BUF_NUM_FORMAT_FLOAT, (0 for MUBUF stride[17:14] when ADD_TID_ENABLE and BUF_DATA_FORMAT_32 for MTBUF), ADD_TID_ENABLE

var S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_ATC_MASK            =   0x08000000          //bit[27]: ATC bit
var S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_ATC_SHIFT           =   27
var S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_MTYPE_MASK          =   0x70000000          //bit[30:28]: Mtype
var S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_MTYPE_SHIFT         =   28
var S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_FIRST_WAVE_MASK     =   0x04000000          //bit[26]: FirstWaveInTG
var S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_FIRST_WAVE_SHIFT    =   26

var S_SAVE_PC_HI_RCNT_SHIFT             =   28                  //FIXME  check with Brian to ensure all fields other than PC[47:0] can be used
var S_SAVE_PC_HI_RCNT_MASK              =   0xF0000000          //FIXME
var S_SAVE_PC_HI_FIRST_REPLAY_SHIFT     =   27                  //FIXME
var S_SAVE_PC_HI_FIRST_REPLAY_MASK      =   0x08000000          //FIXME

var s_save_spi_init_lo              =   exec_lo
var s_save_spi_init_hi              =   exec_hi

                                                //tba_lo and tba_hi need to be saved/restored
var s_save_pc_lo            =   ttmp0           //{TTMP1, TTMP0} = {3'h0,pc_rewind[3:0], HT[0],trapID[7:0], PC[47:0]}
var s_save_pc_hi            =   ttmp1
var s_save_exec_lo          =   ttmp2
var s_save_exec_hi          =   ttmp3
var s_save_status           =   ttmp4
var s_save_trapsts          =   ttmp5           //not really used until the end of the SAVE routine
var s_save_xnack_mask_lo    =   ttmp6
var s_save_xnack_mask_hi    =   ttmp7
var s_save_buf_rsrc0        =   ttmp8
var s_save_buf_rsrc1        =   ttmp9
var s_save_buf_rsrc2        =   ttmp10
var s_save_buf_rsrc3        =   ttmp11

var s_save_mem_offset       =   tma_lo
var s_save_alloc_size       =   s_save_trapsts          //conflict
var s_save_tmp              =   s_save_buf_rsrc2        //shared with s_save_buf_rsrc2  (conflict: should not use mem access with s_save_tmp at the same time)
var s_save_m0               =   tma_hi

/*      Restore     */
var S_RESTORE_BUF_RSRC_WORD1_STRIDE         =   S_SAVE_BUF_RSRC_WORD1_STRIDE
var S_RESTORE_BUF_RSRC_WORD3_MISC           =   S_SAVE_BUF_RSRC_WORD3_MISC

var S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_ATC_MASK             =   0x08000000          //bit[27]: ATC bit
var S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_ATC_SHIFT            =   27
var S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_MTYPE_MASK           =   0x70000000          //bit[30:28]: Mtype
var S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_MTYPE_SHIFT          =   28
var S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_FIRST_WAVE_MASK      =   0x04000000          //bit[26]: FirstWaveInTG
var S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_FIRST_WAVE_SHIFT     =   26

var S_RESTORE_PC_HI_RCNT_SHIFT              =   S_SAVE_PC_HI_RCNT_SHIFT
var S_RESTORE_PC_HI_RCNT_MASK               =   S_SAVE_PC_HI_RCNT_MASK
var S_RESTORE_PC_HI_FIRST_REPLAY_SHIFT      =   S_SAVE_PC_HI_FIRST_REPLAY_SHIFT
var S_RESTORE_PC_HI_FIRST_REPLAY_MASK       =   S_SAVE_PC_HI_FIRST_REPLAY_MASK

var s_restore_spi_init_lo                   =   exec_lo
var s_restore_spi_init_hi                   =   exec_hi

var s_restore_mem_offset        =   ttmp2
var s_restore_alloc_size        =   ttmp3
var s_restore_tmp               =   ttmp6               //tba_lo/hi need to be restored
var s_restore_mem_offset_save   =   s_restore_tmp       //no conflict

var s_restore_m0            =   s_restore_alloc_size    //no conflict

var s_restore_mode          =   ttmp7

var s_restore_pc_lo         =   ttmp0
var s_restore_pc_hi         =   ttmp1
var s_restore_exec_lo       =   tma_lo                  //no conflict
var s_restore_exec_hi       =   tma_hi                  //no conflict
var s_restore_status        =   ttmp4
var s_restore_trapsts       =   ttmp5
var s_restore_xnack_mask_lo =   xnack_mask_lo
var s_restore_xnack_mask_hi =   xnack_mask_hi
var s_restore_buf_rsrc0     =   ttmp8
var s_restore_buf_rsrc1     =   ttmp9
var s_restore_buf_rsrc2     =   ttmp10
var s_restore_buf_rsrc3     =   ttmp11

/**************************************************************************/
/*                      trap handler entry points                         */
/**************************************************************************/
/* Shader Main*/

shader main
  asic(VI)
  type(CS)


        s_branch L_SKIP_RESTORE                                     //NOT restore. might be a regular trap or save

L_JUMP_TO_RESTORE:
    s_branch L_RESTORE                                              //restore

L_SKIP_RESTORE:

    s_getreg_b32    s_save_status, hwreg(HW_REG_STATUS)                             //save STATUS since we will change SCC
    s_andn2_b32     s_save_status, s_save_status, SQ_WAVE_STATUS_SPI_PRIO_MASK      //check whether this is for save
    s_getreg_b32    s_save_trapsts, hwreg(HW_REG_TRAPSTS)
    s_and_b32       s_save_trapsts, s_save_trapsts, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_SAVECTX_MASK    //check whether this is for save
    s_cbranch_scc1  L_SAVE                                      //this is the operation for save

    // *********    Handle non-CWSR traps       *******************

    /* read tba and tma for next level trap handler, ttmp4 is used as s_save_status */
    s_load_dwordx4  [ttmp8,ttmp9,ttmp10, ttmp11], [tma_lo,tma_hi], 0
    s_waitcnt lgkmcnt(0)
    s_or_b32        ttmp7, ttmp8, ttmp9
    s_cbranch_scc0  L_NO_NEXT_TRAP //next level trap handler not been set
    set_status_without_spi_prio(s_save_status, ttmp2) //restore HW status(SCC)
    s_setpc_b64     [ttmp8,ttmp9] //jump to next level trap handler

L_NO_NEXT_TRAP:
    s_getreg_b32    s_save_trapsts, hwreg(HW_REG_TRAPSTS)
    s_and_b32       s_save_trapsts, s_save_trapsts, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_EXCE_MASK // Check whether it is an exception
    s_cbranch_scc1  L_EXCP_CASE   // Exception, jump back to the shader program directly.
    s_add_u32       ttmp0, ttmp0, 4   // S_TRAP case, add 4 to ttmp0
    s_addc_u32  ttmp1, ttmp1, 0
L_EXCP_CASE:
    s_and_b32   ttmp1, ttmp1, 0xFFFF
    set_status_without_spi_prio(s_save_status, ttmp2) //restore HW status(SCC)
    s_rfe_b64       [ttmp0, ttmp1]

    // *********        End handling of non-CWSR traps   *******************

/**************************************************************************/
/*                      save routine                                      */
/**************************************************************************/

L_SAVE:
    s_mov_b32       s_save_tmp, 0                                                           //clear saveCtx bit
    s_setreg_b32    hwreg(HW_REG_TRAPSTS, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_SAVECTX_SHIFT, 1), s_save_tmp     //clear saveCtx bit

    s_mov_b32       s_save_xnack_mask_lo,   xnack_mask_lo                                   //save XNACK_MASK
    s_mov_b32       s_save_xnack_mask_hi,   xnack_mask_hi    //save XNACK must before any memory operation
    s_getreg_b32    s_save_tmp, hwreg(HW_REG_IB_STS, SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_RCNT_SHIFT, SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_RCNT_SIZE)                   //save RCNT
    s_lshl_b32      s_save_tmp, s_save_tmp, S_SAVE_PC_HI_RCNT_SHIFT
    s_or_b32        s_save_pc_hi, s_save_pc_hi, s_save_tmp
    s_getreg_b32    s_save_tmp, hwreg(HW_REG_IB_STS, SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_FIRST_REPLAY_SHIFT, SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_FIRST_REPLAY_SIZE)   //save FIRST_REPLAY
    s_lshl_b32      s_save_tmp, s_save_tmp, S_SAVE_PC_HI_FIRST_REPLAY_SHIFT
    s_or_b32        s_save_pc_hi, s_save_pc_hi, s_save_tmp
    s_getreg_b32    s_save_tmp, hwreg(HW_REG_IB_STS)                                        //clear RCNT and FIRST_REPLAY in IB_STS
    s_and_b32       s_save_tmp, s_save_tmp, SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_RCNT_FIRST_REPLAY_MASK_NEG

    s_setreg_b32    hwreg(HW_REG_IB_STS), s_save_tmp

    /*      inform SPI the readiness and wait for SPI's go signal */
    s_mov_b32       s_save_exec_lo, exec_lo                                                 //save EXEC and use EXEC for the go signal from SPI
    s_mov_b32       s_save_exec_hi, exec_hi
    s_mov_b64       exec,   0x0                                                             //clear EXEC to get ready to receive

        s_sendmsg   sendmsg(MSG_SAVEWAVE)  //send SPI a message and wait for SPI's write to EXEC

    // Set SPI_PRIO=2 to avoid starving instruction fetch in the waves we're waiting for.
    s_or_b32 s_save_tmp, s_save_status, (2 << SQ_WAVE_STATUS_SPI_PRIO_SHIFT)
    s_setreg_b32 hwreg(HW_REG_STATUS), s_save_tmp

  L_SLEEP:
    s_sleep 0x2                // sleep 1 (64clk) is not enough for 8 waves per SIMD, which will cause SQ hang, since the 7,8th wave could not get arbit to exec inst, while other waves are stuck into the sleep-loop and waiting for wrexec!=0

        s_cbranch_execz L_SLEEP

    /*      setup Resource Contants    */
    s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc0,   s_save_spi_init_lo                                                      //base_addr_lo
    s_and_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc1,   s_save_spi_init_hi, 0x0000FFFF                                          //base_addr_hi
    s_or_b32        s_save_buf_rsrc1,   s_save_buf_rsrc1,  S_SAVE_BUF_RSRC_WORD1_STRIDE
    s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc2,   0                                                                       //NUM_RECORDS initial value = 0 (in bytes) although not neccessarily inited
    s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc3,   S_SAVE_BUF_RSRC_WORD3_MISC
    s_and_b32       s_save_tmp,         s_save_spi_init_hi, S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_ATC_MASK
    s_lshr_b32      s_save_tmp,         s_save_tmp, (S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_ATC_SHIFT-SQ_BUF_RSRC_WORD1_ATC_SHIFT)         //get ATC bit into position
    s_or_b32        s_save_buf_rsrc3,   s_save_buf_rsrc3,  s_save_tmp                                           //or ATC
    s_and_b32       s_save_tmp,         s_save_spi_init_hi, S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_MTYPE_MASK
    s_lshr_b32      s_save_tmp,         s_save_tmp, (S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_MTYPE_SHIFT-SQ_BUF_RSRC_WORD3_MTYPE_SHIFT)     //get MTYPE bits into position
    s_or_b32        s_save_buf_rsrc3,   s_save_buf_rsrc3,  s_save_tmp                                           //or MTYPE

    //FIXME  right now s_save_m0/s_save_mem_offset use tma_lo/tma_hi  (might need to save them before using them?)
    s_mov_b32       s_save_m0,          m0                                                                  //save M0

    /*      global mem offset           */
    s_mov_b32       s_save_mem_offset,  0x0                                                                     //mem offset initial value = 0




    /*      save HW registers   */
    //////////////////////////////

  L_SAVE_HWREG:
        // HWREG SR memory offset : size(VGPR)+size(SGPR)
       get_vgpr_size_bytes(s_save_mem_offset)
       get_sgpr_size_bytes(s_save_tmp)
       s_add_u32 s_save_mem_offset, s_save_mem_offset, s_save_tmp


    s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc2, 0x4                               //NUM_RECORDS   in bytes
        s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc2,  0x1000000                                //NUM_RECORDS in bytes


    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_m0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)                  //M0
    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_pc_lo, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)                   //PC
    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_pc_hi, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)
    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_exec_lo, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)             //EXEC
    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_exec_hi, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)
    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_status, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)              //STATUS

    //s_save_trapsts conflicts with s_save_alloc_size
    s_getreg_b32    s_save_trapsts, hwreg(HW_REG_TRAPSTS)
    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_trapsts, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)             //TRAPSTS

    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_xnack_mask_lo, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)           //XNACK_MASK_LO
    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_xnack_mask_hi, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)           //XNACK_MASK_HI

    //use s_save_tmp would introduce conflict here between s_save_tmp and s_save_buf_rsrc2
    s_getreg_b32    s_save_m0, hwreg(HW_REG_MODE)                                                   //MODE
    write_hwreg_to_mem(s_save_m0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)
    write_hwreg_to_mem(tba_lo, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)                     //TBA_LO
    write_hwreg_to_mem(tba_hi, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset)                     //TBA_HI



    /*      the first wave in the threadgroup    */
        // save fist_wave bits in tba_hi unused bit.26
    s_and_b32       s_save_tmp, s_save_spi_init_hi, S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_FIRST_WAVE_MASK     // extract fisrt wave bit
    //s_or_b32        tba_hi, s_save_tmp, tba_hi                                        // save first wave bit to tba_hi.bits[26]
    s_mov_b32        s_save_exec_hi, 0x0
    s_or_b32         s_save_exec_hi, s_save_tmp, s_save_exec_hi                          // save first wave bit to s_save_exec_hi.bits[26]


    /*          save SGPRs      */
        // Save SGPR before LDS save, then the s0 to s4 can be used during LDS save...
    //////////////////////////////

    // SGPR SR memory offset : size(VGPR)
    get_vgpr_size_bytes(s_save_mem_offset)
    // TODO, change RSRC word to rearrange memory layout for SGPRS

    s_getreg_b32    s_save_alloc_size, hwreg(HW_REG_GPR_ALLOC,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_SGPR_SIZE_SHIFT,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_SGPR_SIZE_SIZE)               //spgr_size
    s_add_u32       s_save_alloc_size, s_save_alloc_size, 1
    s_lshl_b32      s_save_alloc_size, s_save_alloc_size, 4                         //Number of SGPRs = (sgpr_size + 1) * 16   (non-zero value)

        s_lshl_b32      s_save_buf_rsrc2,   s_save_alloc_size, 2                    //NUM_RECORDS in bytes
        s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc2,  0x1000000                                //NUM_RECORDS in bytes

    // backup s_save_buf_rsrc0,1 to s_save_pc_lo/hi, since write_16sgpr_to_mem function will change the rsrc0
    //s_mov_b64 s_save_pc_lo, s_save_buf_rsrc0
    s_mov_b64 s_save_xnack_mask_lo, s_save_buf_rsrc0
    s_add_u32 s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset
    s_addc_u32 s_save_buf_rsrc1, s_save_buf_rsrc1, 0

    s_mov_b32       m0, 0x0                         //SGPR initial index value =0
  L_SAVE_SGPR_LOOP:
    // SGPR is allocated in 16 SGPR granularity
    s_movrels_b64   s0, s0     //s0 = s[0+m0], s1 = s[1+m0]
    s_movrels_b64   s2, s2     //s2 = s[2+m0], s3 = s[3+m0]
    s_movrels_b64   s4, s4     //s4 = s[4+m0], s5 = s[5+m0]
    s_movrels_b64   s6, s6     //s6 = s[6+m0], s7 = s[7+m0]
    s_movrels_b64   s8, s8     //s8 = s[8+m0], s9 = s[9+m0]
    s_movrels_b64   s10, s10   //s10 = s[10+m0], s11 = s[11+m0]
    s_movrels_b64   s12, s12   //s12 = s[12+m0], s13 = s[13+m0]
    s_movrels_b64   s14, s14   //s14 = s[14+m0], s15 = s[15+m0]

    write_16sgpr_to_mem(s0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset) //PV: the best performance should be using s_buffer_store_dwordx4
    s_add_u32       m0, m0, 16                                                      //next sgpr index
    s_cmp_lt_u32    m0, s_save_alloc_size                                           //scc = (m0 < s_save_alloc_size) ? 1 : 0
    s_cbranch_scc1  L_SAVE_SGPR_LOOP                                    //SGPR save is complete?
    // restore s_save_buf_rsrc0,1
    //s_mov_b64 s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_pc_lo
    s_mov_b64 s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_xnack_mask_lo




    /*          save first 4 VGPR, then LDS save could use   */
        // each wave will alloc 4 vgprs at least...
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    s_mov_b32       s_save_mem_offset, 0
    s_mov_b32       exec_lo, 0xFFFFFFFF                                             //need every thread from now on
    s_mov_b32       exec_hi, 0xFFFFFFFF

        s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc2,  0x1000000                                //NUM_RECORDS in bytes

    // VGPR Allocated in 4-GPR granularity

        buffer_store_dword v0, v0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1
        buffer_store_dword v1, v0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1  offset:256
        buffer_store_dword v2, v0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1  offset:256*2
        buffer_store_dword v3, v0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1  offset:256*3



    /*          save LDS        */
    //////////////////////////////

  L_SAVE_LDS:

        // Change EXEC to all threads...
    s_mov_b32       exec_lo, 0xFFFFFFFF   //need every thread from now on
    s_mov_b32       exec_hi, 0xFFFFFFFF

    s_getreg_b32    s_save_alloc_size, hwreg(HW_REG_LDS_ALLOC,SQ_WAVE_LDS_ALLOC_LDS_SIZE_SHIFT,SQ_WAVE_LDS_ALLOC_LDS_SIZE_SIZE)             //lds_size
    s_and_b32       s_save_alloc_size, s_save_alloc_size, 0xFFFFFFFF                //lds_size is zero?
    s_cbranch_scc0  L_SAVE_LDS_DONE                                                                            //no lds used? jump to L_SAVE_DONE

    s_barrier               //LDS is used? wait for other waves in the same TG
    //s_and_b32     s_save_tmp, tba_hi, S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_FIRST_WAVE_MASK                //exec is still used here
    s_and_b32       s_save_tmp, s_save_exec_hi, S_SAVE_SPI_INIT_FIRST_WAVE_MASK                //exec is still used here
    s_cbranch_scc0  L_SAVE_LDS_DONE

        // first wave do LDS save;

    s_lshl_b32      s_save_alloc_size, s_save_alloc_size, 6                         //LDS size in dwords = lds_size * 64dw
    s_lshl_b32      s_save_alloc_size, s_save_alloc_size, 2                         //LDS size in bytes
    s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc2,  s_save_alloc_size                            //NUM_RECORDS in bytes

    // LDS at offset: size(VGPR)+SIZE(SGPR)+SIZE(HWREG)
    //
    get_vgpr_size_bytes(s_save_mem_offset)
    get_sgpr_size_bytes(s_save_tmp)
    s_add_u32  s_save_mem_offset, s_save_mem_offset, s_save_tmp
    s_add_u32 s_save_mem_offset, s_save_mem_offset, get_hwreg_size_bytes()


        s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc2,  0x1000000                  //NUM_RECORDS in bytes
    s_mov_b32       m0, 0x0                                               //lds_offset initial value = 0


      v_mbcnt_lo_u32_b32 v2, 0xffffffff, 0x0
      v_mbcnt_hi_u32_b32 v3, 0xffffffff, v2     // tid
      v_mul_i32_i24 v2, v3, 8   // tid*8
      v_mov_b32 v3, 256*2
      s_mov_b32 m0, 0x10000
      s_mov_b32 s0, s_save_buf_rsrc3
      s_and_b32 s_save_buf_rsrc3, s_save_buf_rsrc3, 0xFF7FFFFF    // disable add_tid
      s_or_b32 s_save_buf_rsrc3, s_save_buf_rsrc3, 0x58000   //DFMT

L_SAVE_LDS_LOOP_VECTOR:
      ds_read_b64 v[0:1], v2    //x =LDS[a], byte address
      s_waitcnt lgkmcnt(0)
      buffer_store_dwordx2  v[0:1], v2, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset offen:1  glc:1  slc:1
//      s_waitcnt vmcnt(0)
      v_add_u32 v2, vcc[0:1], v2, v3
      v_cmp_lt_u32 vcc[0:1], v2, s_save_alloc_size
      s_cbranch_vccnz L_SAVE_LDS_LOOP_VECTOR

      // restore rsrc3
      s_mov_b32 s_save_buf_rsrc3, s0

L_SAVE_LDS_DONE:


    /*          save VGPRs  - set the Rest VGPRs        */
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  L_SAVE_VGPR:
    // VGPR SR memory offset: 0
    // TODO rearrange the RSRC words to use swizzle for VGPR save...

    s_mov_b32       s_save_mem_offset, (0+256*4)                                    // for the rest VGPRs
    s_mov_b32       exec_lo, 0xFFFFFFFF                                             //need every thread from now on
    s_mov_b32       exec_hi, 0xFFFFFFFF

    s_getreg_b32    s_save_alloc_size, hwreg(HW_REG_GPR_ALLOC,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_VGPR_SIZE_SHIFT,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_VGPR_SIZE_SIZE)                   //vpgr_size
    s_add_u32       s_save_alloc_size, s_save_alloc_size, 1
    s_lshl_b32      s_save_alloc_size, s_save_alloc_size, 2                         //Number of VGPRs = (vgpr_size + 1) * 4    (non-zero value)   //FIXME for GFX, zero is possible
    s_lshl_b32      s_save_buf_rsrc2,  s_save_alloc_size, 8                         //NUM_RECORDS in bytes (64 threads*4)
        s_mov_b32       s_save_buf_rsrc2,  0x1000000                                //NUM_RECORDS in bytes

    // VGPR store using dw burst
    s_mov_b32         m0, 0x4   //VGPR initial index value =0
    s_cmp_lt_u32      m0, s_save_alloc_size
    s_cbranch_scc0    L_SAVE_VGPR_END


    s_set_gpr_idx_on    m0, 0x1 //M0[7:0] = M0[7:0] and M0[15:12] = 0x1
    s_add_u32       s_save_alloc_size, s_save_alloc_size, 0x1000                    //add 0x1000 since we compare m0 against it later

  L_SAVE_VGPR_LOOP:
    v_mov_b32       v0, v0              //v0 = v[0+m0]
    v_mov_b32       v1, v1              //v0 = v[0+m0]
    v_mov_b32       v2, v2              //v0 = v[0+m0]
    v_mov_b32       v3, v3              //v0 = v[0+m0]

        buffer_store_dword v0, v0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1
        buffer_store_dword v1, v0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1  offset:256
        buffer_store_dword v2, v0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1  offset:256*2
        buffer_store_dword v3, v0, s_save_buf_rsrc0, s_save_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1  offset:256*3

    s_add_u32       m0, m0, 4                                                       //next vgpr index
    s_add_u32       s_save_mem_offset, s_save_mem_offset, 256*4                     //every buffer_store_dword does 256 bytes
    s_cmp_lt_u32    m0, s_save_alloc_size                                           //scc = (m0 < s_save_alloc_size) ? 1 : 0
    s_cbranch_scc1  L_SAVE_VGPR_LOOP                                                //VGPR save is complete?
    s_set_gpr_idx_off

L_SAVE_VGPR_END:
    s_branch    L_END_PGM



/**************************************************************************/
/*                      restore routine                                   */
/**************************************************************************/

L_RESTORE:
    /*      Setup Resource Contants    */
    s_mov_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc0,    s_restore_spi_init_lo                                                           //base_addr_lo
    s_and_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc1,    s_restore_spi_init_hi, 0x0000FFFF                                               //base_addr_hi
    s_or_b32        s_restore_buf_rsrc1,    s_restore_buf_rsrc1,  S_RESTORE_BUF_RSRC_WORD1_STRIDE
    s_mov_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc2,    0                                                                               //NUM_RECORDS initial value = 0 (in bytes)
    s_mov_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc3,    S_RESTORE_BUF_RSRC_WORD3_MISC
    s_and_b32       s_restore_tmp,          s_restore_spi_init_hi, S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_ATC_MASK
    s_lshr_b32      s_restore_tmp,          s_restore_tmp, (S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_ATC_SHIFT-SQ_BUF_RSRC_WORD1_ATC_SHIFT)       //get ATC bit into position
    s_or_b32        s_restore_buf_rsrc3,    s_restore_buf_rsrc3,  s_restore_tmp                                             //or ATC
    s_and_b32       s_restore_tmp,          s_restore_spi_init_hi, S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_MTYPE_MASK
    s_lshr_b32      s_restore_tmp,          s_restore_tmp, (S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_MTYPE_SHIFT-SQ_BUF_RSRC_WORD3_MTYPE_SHIFT)   //get MTYPE bits into position
    s_or_b32        s_restore_buf_rsrc3,    s_restore_buf_rsrc3,  s_restore_tmp                                             //or MTYPE

    /*      global mem offset           */
//  s_mov_b32       s_restore_mem_offset, 0x0                               //mem offset initial value = 0

    /*      the first wave in the threadgroup    */
    s_and_b32       s_restore_tmp, s_restore_spi_init_hi, S_RESTORE_SPI_INIT_FIRST_WAVE_MASK
    s_cbranch_scc0  L_RESTORE_VGPR

    /*          restore LDS     */
    //////////////////////////////
  L_RESTORE_LDS:

    s_mov_b32       exec_lo, 0xFFFFFFFF                                                     //need every thread from now on   //be consistent with SAVE although can be moved ahead
    s_mov_b32       exec_hi, 0xFFFFFFFF

    s_getreg_b32    s_restore_alloc_size, hwreg(HW_REG_LDS_ALLOC,SQ_WAVE_LDS_ALLOC_LDS_SIZE_SHIFT,SQ_WAVE_LDS_ALLOC_LDS_SIZE_SIZE)              //lds_size
    s_and_b32       s_restore_alloc_size, s_restore_alloc_size, 0xFFFFFFFF                  //lds_size is zero?
    s_cbranch_scc0  L_RESTORE_VGPR                                                          //no lds used? jump to L_RESTORE_VGPR
    s_lshl_b32      s_restore_alloc_size, s_restore_alloc_size, 6                           //LDS size in dwords = lds_size * 64dw
    s_lshl_b32      s_restore_alloc_size, s_restore_alloc_size, 2                           //LDS size in bytes
    s_mov_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc2,    s_restore_alloc_size                            //NUM_RECORDS in bytes

    // LDS at offset: size(VGPR)+SIZE(SGPR)+SIZE(HWREG)
    //
    get_vgpr_size_bytes(s_restore_mem_offset)
    get_sgpr_size_bytes(s_restore_tmp)
    s_add_u32  s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_tmp
    s_add_u32  s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_mem_offset, get_hwreg_size_bytes()            //FIXME, Check if offset overflow???


        s_mov_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc2,  0x1000000                                     //NUM_RECORDS in bytes
    s_mov_b32       m0, 0x0                                                                 //lds_offset initial value = 0

  L_RESTORE_LDS_LOOP:
        buffer_load_dword   v0, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset lds:1                    // first 64DW
        buffer_load_dword   v0, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset lds:1 offset:256         // second 64DW
    s_add_u32       m0, m0, 256*2                                               // 128 DW
    s_add_u32       s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_mem_offset, 256*2           //mem offset increased by 128DW
    s_cmp_lt_u32    m0, s_restore_alloc_size                                    //scc=(m0 < s_restore_alloc_size) ? 1 : 0
    s_cbranch_scc1  L_RESTORE_LDS_LOOP                                                      //LDS restore is complete?


    /*          restore VGPRs       */
    //////////////////////////////
  L_RESTORE_VGPR:
        // VGPR SR memory offset : 0
    s_mov_b32       s_restore_mem_offset, 0x0
    s_mov_b32       exec_lo, 0xFFFFFFFF                                                     //need every thread from now on   //be consistent with SAVE although can be moved ahead
    s_mov_b32       exec_hi, 0xFFFFFFFF

    s_getreg_b32    s_restore_alloc_size, hwreg(HW_REG_GPR_ALLOC,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_VGPR_SIZE_SHIFT,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_VGPR_SIZE_SIZE)    //vpgr_size
    s_add_u32       s_restore_alloc_size, s_restore_alloc_size, 1
    s_lshl_b32      s_restore_alloc_size, s_restore_alloc_size, 2                           //Number of VGPRs = (vgpr_size + 1) * 4    (non-zero value)
    s_lshl_b32      s_restore_buf_rsrc2,  s_restore_alloc_size, 8                           //NUM_RECORDS in bytes (64 threads*4)
        s_mov_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc2,  0x1000000                                     //NUM_RECORDS in bytes

    // VGPR load using dw burst
    s_mov_b32       s_restore_mem_offset_save, s_restore_mem_offset     // restore start with v1, v0 will be the last
    s_add_u32       s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_mem_offset, 256*4
    s_mov_b32       m0, 4                               //VGPR initial index value = 1
    s_set_gpr_idx_on  m0, 0x8                       //M0[7:0] = M0[7:0] and M0[15:12] = 0x8
    s_add_u32       s_restore_alloc_size, s_restore_alloc_size, 0x8000                      //add 0x8000 since we compare m0 against it later

  L_RESTORE_VGPR_LOOP:
        buffer_load_dword v0, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1
        buffer_load_dword v1, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1 offset:256
        buffer_load_dword v2, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1 offset:256*2
        buffer_load_dword v3, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset slc:1 glc:1 offset:256*3
    s_waitcnt       vmcnt(0)                                                                //ensure data ready
    v_mov_b32       v0, v0                                                                  //v[0+m0] = v0
    v_mov_b32       v1, v1
    v_mov_b32       v2, v2
    v_mov_b32       v3, v3
    s_add_u32       m0, m0, 4                                                               //next vgpr index
    s_add_u32       s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_mem_offset, 256*4                           //every buffer_load_dword does 256 bytes
    s_cmp_lt_u32    m0, s_restore_alloc_size                                                //scc = (m0 < s_restore_alloc_size) ? 1 : 0
    s_cbranch_scc1  L_RESTORE_VGPR_LOOP                                                     //VGPR restore (except v0) is complete?
    s_set_gpr_idx_off
                                                                                            /* VGPR restore on v0 */
        buffer_load_dword v0, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset_save    slc:1 glc:1
        buffer_load_dword v1, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset_save    slc:1 glc:1 offset:256
        buffer_load_dword v2, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset_save    slc:1 glc:1 offset:256*2
        buffer_load_dword v3, v0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset_save    slc:1 glc:1 offset:256*3

    /*          restore SGPRs       */
    //////////////////////////////

    // SGPR SR memory offset : size(VGPR)
    get_vgpr_size_bytes(s_restore_mem_offset)
    get_sgpr_size_bytes(s_restore_tmp)
    s_add_u32 s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_tmp
    s_sub_u32 s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_mem_offset, 16*4     // restore SGPR from S[n] to S[0], by 16 sgprs group
    // TODO, change RSRC word to rearrange memory layout for SGPRS

    s_getreg_b32    s_restore_alloc_size, hwreg(HW_REG_GPR_ALLOC,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_SGPR_SIZE_SHIFT,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_SGPR_SIZE_SIZE)                //spgr_size
    s_add_u32       s_restore_alloc_size, s_restore_alloc_size, 1
    s_lshl_b32      s_restore_alloc_size, s_restore_alloc_size, 4                           //Number of SGPRs = (sgpr_size + 1) * 16   (non-zero value)

        s_lshl_b32      s_restore_buf_rsrc2,    s_restore_alloc_size, 2                     //NUM_RECORDS in bytes
        s_mov_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc2,  0x1000000                                     //NUM_RECORDS in bytes

    /* If 112 SGPRs ar allocated, 4 sgprs are not used TBA(108,109),TMA(110,111),
       However, we are safe to restore these 4 SGPRs anyway, since TBA,TMA will later be restored by HWREG
    */
    s_mov_b32 m0, s_restore_alloc_size

 L_RESTORE_SGPR_LOOP:
    read_16sgpr_from_mem(s0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)  //PV: further performance improvement can be made
    s_waitcnt       lgkmcnt(0)                                                              //ensure data ready

    s_sub_u32 m0, m0, 16    // Restore from S[n] to S[0]

    s_movreld_b64   s0, s0      //s[0+m0] = s0
    s_movreld_b64   s2, s2
    s_movreld_b64   s4, s4
    s_movreld_b64   s6, s6
    s_movreld_b64   s8, s8
    s_movreld_b64   s10, s10
    s_movreld_b64   s12, s12
    s_movreld_b64   s14, s14

    s_cmp_eq_u32    m0, 0               //scc = (m0 < s_restore_alloc_size) ? 1 : 0
    s_cbranch_scc0  L_RESTORE_SGPR_LOOP             //SGPR restore (except s0) is complete?

    /*      restore HW registers    */
    //////////////////////////////
  L_RESTORE_HWREG:

    // HWREG SR memory offset : size(VGPR)+size(SGPR)
    get_vgpr_size_bytes(s_restore_mem_offset)
    get_sgpr_size_bytes(s_restore_tmp)
    s_add_u32 s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_mem_offset, s_restore_tmp


    s_mov_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc2, 0x4                                                //NUM_RECORDS   in bytes
        s_mov_b32       s_restore_buf_rsrc2,  0x1000000                                     //NUM_RECORDS in bytes

    read_hwreg_from_mem(s_restore_m0, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)                    //M0
    read_hwreg_from_mem(s_restore_pc_lo, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)             //PC
    read_hwreg_from_mem(s_restore_pc_hi, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)
    read_hwreg_from_mem(s_restore_exec_lo, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)               //EXEC
    read_hwreg_from_mem(s_restore_exec_hi, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)
    read_hwreg_from_mem(s_restore_status, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)                //STATUS
    read_hwreg_from_mem(s_restore_trapsts, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)               //TRAPSTS
    read_hwreg_from_mem(xnack_mask_lo, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)                   //XNACK_MASK_LO
    read_hwreg_from_mem(xnack_mask_hi, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)                   //XNACK_MASK_HI
    read_hwreg_from_mem(s_restore_mode, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)              //MODE
    read_hwreg_from_mem(tba_lo, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)                      //TBA_LO
    read_hwreg_from_mem(tba_hi, s_restore_buf_rsrc0, s_restore_mem_offset)                      //TBA_HI

    s_waitcnt       lgkmcnt(0)                                                                                      //from now on, it is safe to restore STATUS and IB_STS

    s_mov_b32       m0,         s_restore_m0
    s_mov_b32       exec_lo,    s_restore_exec_lo
    s_mov_b32       exec_hi,    s_restore_exec_hi

    s_and_b32       s_restore_m0, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_PRE_SAVECTX_MASK, s_restore_trapsts
    s_setreg_b32    hwreg(HW_REG_TRAPSTS, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_PRE_SAVECTX_SHIFT, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_PRE_SAVECTX_SIZE), s_restore_m0
    s_and_b32       s_restore_m0, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_POST_SAVECTX_MASK, s_restore_trapsts
    s_lshr_b32      s_restore_m0, s_restore_m0, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_POST_SAVECTX_SHIFT
    s_setreg_b32    hwreg(HW_REG_TRAPSTS, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_POST_SAVECTX_SHIFT, SQ_WAVE_TRAPSTS_POST_SAVECTX_SIZE), s_restore_m0
    //s_setreg_b32  hwreg(HW_REG_TRAPSTS),  s_restore_trapsts      //don't overwrite SAVECTX bit as it may be set through external SAVECTX during restore
    s_setreg_b32    hwreg(HW_REG_MODE),     s_restore_mode
    //reuse s_restore_m0 as a temp register
    s_and_b32       s_restore_m0, s_restore_pc_hi, S_SAVE_PC_HI_RCNT_MASK
    s_lshr_b32      s_restore_m0, s_restore_m0, S_SAVE_PC_HI_RCNT_SHIFT
    s_lshl_b32      s_restore_m0, s_restore_m0, SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_RCNT_SHIFT
    s_mov_b32       s_restore_tmp, 0x0                                                                              //IB_STS is zero
    s_or_b32        s_restore_tmp, s_restore_tmp, s_restore_m0
    s_and_b32       s_restore_m0, s_restore_pc_hi, S_SAVE_PC_HI_FIRST_REPLAY_MASK
    s_lshr_b32      s_restore_m0, s_restore_m0, S_SAVE_PC_HI_FIRST_REPLAY_SHIFT
    s_lshl_b32      s_restore_m0, s_restore_m0, SQ_WAVE_IB_STS_FIRST_REPLAY_SHIFT
    s_or_b32        s_restore_tmp, s_restore_tmp, s_restore_m0
    s_and_b32       s_restore_m0, s_restore_status, SQ_WAVE_STATUS_INST_ATC_MASK
    s_lshr_b32      s_restore_m0, s_restore_m0, SQ_WAVE_STATUS_INST_ATC_SHIFT
    s_setreg_b32    hwreg(HW_REG_IB_STS),   s_restore_tmp

    s_and_b32 s_restore_pc_hi, s_restore_pc_hi, 0x0000ffff      //pc[47:32]        //Do it here in order not to affect STATUS
    s_and_b64    exec, exec, exec  // Restore STATUS.EXECZ, not writable by s_setreg_b32
    s_and_b64    vcc, vcc, vcc  // Restore STATUS.VCCZ, not writable by s_setreg_b32
    set_status_without_spi_prio(s_restore_status, s_restore_tmp) // SCC is included, which is changed by previous salu

    s_barrier                                                   //barrier to ensure the readiness of LDS before access attempts from any other wave in the same TG //FIXME not performance-optimal at this time

//  s_rfe_b64 s_restore_pc_lo                                   //Return to the main shader program and resume execution
    s_rfe_restore_b64  s_restore_pc_lo, s_restore_m0            // s_restore_m0[0] is used to set STATUS.inst_atc


/**************************************************************************/
/*                      the END                                           */
/**************************************************************************/
L_END_PGM:
    s_endpgm

end


/**************************************************************************/
/*                      the helper functions                              */
/**************************************************************************/

//Only for save hwreg to mem
function write_hwreg_to_mem(s, s_rsrc, s_mem_offset)
        s_mov_b32 exec_lo, m0                   //assuming exec_lo is not needed anymore from this point on
        s_mov_b32 m0, s_mem_offset
        s_buffer_store_dword s, s_rsrc, m0      glc:1
        s_add_u32       s_mem_offset, s_mem_offset, 4
        s_mov_b32   m0, exec_lo
end


// HWREG are saved before SGPRs, so all HWREG could be use.
function write_16sgpr_to_mem(s, s_rsrc, s_mem_offset)

        s_buffer_store_dwordx4 s[0], s_rsrc, 0  glc:1
        s_buffer_store_dwordx4 s[4], s_rsrc, 16  glc:1
        s_buffer_store_dwordx4 s[8], s_rsrc, 32  glc:1
        s_buffer_store_dwordx4 s[12], s_rsrc, 48 glc:1
        s_add_u32       s_rsrc[0], s_rsrc[0], 4*16
        s_addc_u32      s_rsrc[1], s_rsrc[1], 0x0             // +scc
end


function read_hwreg_from_mem(s, s_rsrc, s_mem_offset)
    s_buffer_load_dword s, s_rsrc, s_mem_offset     glc:1
    s_add_u32       s_mem_offset, s_mem_offset, 4
end

function read_16sgpr_from_mem(s, s_rsrc, s_mem_offset)
    s_buffer_load_dwordx16 s, s_rsrc, s_mem_offset      glc:1
    s_sub_u32       s_mem_offset, s_mem_offset, 4*16
end



function get_lds_size_bytes(s_lds_size_byte)
    // SQ LDS granularity is 64DW, while PGM_RSRC2.lds_size is in granularity 128DW
    s_getreg_b32   s_lds_size_byte, hwreg(HW_REG_LDS_ALLOC, SQ_WAVE_LDS_ALLOC_LDS_SIZE_SHIFT, SQ_WAVE_LDS_ALLOC_LDS_SIZE_SIZE)          // lds_size
    s_lshl_b32     s_lds_size_byte, s_lds_size_byte, 8                      //LDS size in dwords = lds_size * 64 *4Bytes    // granularity 64DW
end

function get_vgpr_size_bytes(s_vgpr_size_byte)
    s_getreg_b32   s_vgpr_size_byte, hwreg(HW_REG_GPR_ALLOC,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_VGPR_SIZE_SHIFT,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_VGPR_SIZE_SIZE)  //vpgr_size
    s_add_u32      s_vgpr_size_byte, s_vgpr_size_byte, 1
    s_lshl_b32     s_vgpr_size_byte, s_vgpr_size_byte, (2+8) //Number of VGPRs = (vgpr_size + 1) * 4 * 64 * 4   (non-zero value)   //FIXME for GFX, zero is possible
end

function get_sgpr_size_bytes(s_sgpr_size_byte)
    s_getreg_b32   s_sgpr_size_byte, hwreg(HW_REG_GPR_ALLOC,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_SGPR_SIZE_SHIFT,SQ_WAVE_GPR_ALLOC_SGPR_SIZE_SIZE)  //spgr_size
    s_add_u32      s_sgpr_size_byte, s_sgpr_size_byte, 1
    s_lshl_b32     s_sgpr_size_byte, s_sgpr_size_byte, 6 //Number of SGPRs = (sgpr_size + 1) * 16 *4   (non-zero value)
end

function get_hwreg_size_bytes
    return 128 //HWREG size 128 bytes
end

function set_status_without_spi_prio(status, tmp)
    // Do not restore STATUS.SPI_PRIO since scheduler may have raised it.
    s_lshr_b32      tmp, status, SQ_WAVE_STATUS_POST_SPI_PRIO_SHIFT
    s_setreg_b32    hwreg(HW_REG_STATUS, SQ_WAVE_STATUS_POST_SPI_PRIO_SHIFT, SQ_WAVE_STATUS_POST_SPI_PRIO_SIZE), tmp
    s_nop           0x2 // avoid S_SETREG => S_SETREG hazard
    s_setreg_b32    hwreg(HW_REG_STATUS, SQ_WAVE_STATUS_PRE_SPI_PRIO_SHIFT, SQ_WAVE_STATUS_PRE_SPI_PRIO_SIZE), status
end