Training courses

Kernel and Embedded Linux

Bootlin training courses

Embedded Linux, kernel,
Yocto Project, Buildroot, real-time,
graphics, boot time, debugging...

Bootlin logo

Elixir Cross Referencer

   1
   2
   3
   4
   5
   6
   7
   8
   9
  10
  11
  12
  13
  14
  15
  16
  17
  18
  19
  20
  21
  22
  23
  24
  25
  26
  27
  28
  29
  30
  31
  32
  33
  34
  35
  36
  37
  38
  39
  40
  41
  42
  43
  44
  45
  46
  47
  48
  49
  50
  51
  52
  53
  54
  55
  56
  57
  58
  59
  60
  61
  62
  63
  64
  65
  66
  67
  68
  69
  70
  71
  72
  73
  74
  75
  76
  77
  78
  79
  80
  81
  82
  83
  84
  85
  86
  87
  88
  89
  90
  91
  92
  93
  94
  95
  96
  97
  98
  99
 100
 101
 102
 103
 104
 105
 106
 107
 108
 109
 110
 111
 112
 113
 114
 115
 116
 117
 118
 119
 120
 121
 122
 123
 124
 125
 126
 127
 128
 129
 130
 131
 132
 133
 134
 135
 136
 137
 138
 139
 140
 141
 142
 143
 144
 145
 146
 147
 148
 149
 150
 151
 152
 153
 154
 155
 156
 157
 158
 159
 160
 161
 162
 163
 164
 165
 166
 167
 168
 169
 170
 171
 172
 173
 174
 175
 176
 177
 178
 179
 180
 181
 182
 183
 184
 185
 186
 187
 188
 189
 190
 191
 192
 193
 194
 195
 196
 197
 198
 199
 200
 201
 202
 203
 204
 205
 206
 207
 208
 209
 210
 211
 212
 213
 214
 215
 216
 217
 218
 219
 220
 221
 222
 223
 224
 225
 226
 227
 228
 229
 230
 231
 232
 233
 234
 235
 236
 237
 238
 239
 240
 241
 242
 243
 244
 245
 246
 247
 248
 249
 250
 251
 252
 253
 254
 255
 256
 257
 258
 259
 260
 261
 262
 263
 264
 265
 266
 267
 268
 269
 270
 271
 272
 273
 274
 275
 276
 277
 278
 279
 280
 281
 282
 283
 284
 285
 286
 287
 288
 289
 290
 291
 292
 293
 294
 295
 296
 297
 298
 299
 300
 301
 302
 303
 304
 305
 306
 307
 308
 309
 310
 311
 312
 313
 314
 315
 316
 317
 318
 319
 320
 321
 322
 323
 324
 325
 326
 327
 328
 329
 330
 331
 332
 333
 334
 335
 336
 337
 338
 339
 340
 341
 342
 343
 344
 345
 346
 347
 348
 349
 350
 351
 352
 353
 354
 355
 356
 357
 358
 359
 360
 361
 362
 363
 364
 365
 366
 367
 368
 369
 370
 371
 372
 373
 374
 375
 376
 377
 378
 379
 380
 381
 382
 383
 384
 385
 386
 387
 388
 389
 390
 391
 392
 393
 394
 395
 396
 397
 398
 399
 400
 401
 402
 403
 404
 405
 406
 407
 408
 409
 410
 411
 412
 413
 414
 415
 416
 417
 418
 419
 420
 421
 422
 423
 424
 425
 426
 427
 428
 429
 430
 431
 432
 433
 434
 435
 436
 437
 438
 439
 440
 441
 442
 443
 444
 445
 446
 447
 448
 449
 450
 451
 452
 453
 454
 455
 456
 457
 458
 459
 460
 461
 462
 463
 464
 465
 466
 467
 468
 469
 470
 471
 472
 473
 474
 475
 476
 477
 478
 479
 480
 481
 482
 483
 484
 485
 486
 487
 488
 489
 490
 491
 492
 493
 494
 495
 496
 497
 498
 499
 500
 501
 502
 503
 504
 505
 506
 507
 508
 509
 510
 511
 512
 513
 514
 515
 516
 517
 518
 519
 520
 521
 522
 523
 524
 525
 526
 527
 528
 529
 530
 531
 532
 533
 534
 535
 536
 537
 538
 539
 540
 541
 542
 543
 544
 545
 546
 547
 548
 549
 550
 551
 552
 553
 554
 555
 556
 557
 558
 559
 560
 561
 562
 563
 564
 565
 566
 567
 568
 569
 570
 571
 572
 573
 574
 575
 576
 577
 578
 579
 580
 581
 582
 583
 584
 585
 586
 587
 588
 589
 590
 591
 592
 593
 594
 595
 596
 597
 598
 599
 600
 601
 602
 603
 604
 605
 606
 607
 608
 609
 610
 611
 612
 613
 614
 615
 616
 617
 618
 619
 620
 621
 622
 623
 624
 625
 626
 627
 628
 629
 630
 631
 632
 633
 634
 635
 636
 637
 638
 639
 640
 641
 642
 643
 644
 645
 646
 647
 648
 649
 650
 651
 652
 653
 654
 655
 656
 657
 658
 659
 660
 661
 662
 663
 664
 665
 666
 667
 668
 669
 670
 671
 672
 673
 674
 675
 676
 677
 678
 679
 680
 681
 682
 683
 684
 685
 686
 687
 688
 689
 690
 691
 692
 693
 694
 695
 696
 697
 698
 699
 700
 701
 702
 703
 704
 705
 706
 707
 708
 709
 710
 711
 712
 713
 714
 715
 716
 717
 718
 719
 720
 721
 722
 723
 724
 725
 726
 727
 728
 729
 730
 731
 732
 733
 734
 735
 736
 737
 738
 739
 740
 741
 742
 743
 744
 745
 746
 747
 748
 749
 750
 751
 752
 753
 754
 755
 756
 757
 758
 759
 760
 761
 762
 763
 764
 765
 766
 767
 768
 769
 770
 771
 772
 773
 774
 775
 776
 777
 778
 779
 780
 781
 782
 783
 784
 785
 786
 787
 788
 789
 790
 791
 792
 793
 794
 795
 796
 797
 798
 799
 800
 801
 802
 803
 804
 805
 806
 807
 808
 809
 810
 811
 812
 813
 814
 815
 816
 817
 818
 819
 820
 821
 822
 823
 824
 825
 826
 827
 828
 829
 830
 831
 832
 833
 834
 835
 836
 837
 838
 839
 840
 841
 842
 843
 844
 845
 846
 847
 848
 849
 850
 851
 852
 853
 854
 855
 856
 857
 858
 859
 860
 861
 862
 863
 864
 865
 866
 867
 868
 869
 870
 871
 872
 873
 874
 875
 876
 877
 878
 879
 880
 881
 882
 883
 884
 885
 886
 887
 888
 889
 890
 891
 892
 893
 894
 895
 896
 897
 898
 899
 900
 901
 902
 903
 904
 905
 906
 907
 908
 909
 910
 911
 912
 913
 914
 915
 916
 917
 918
 919
 920
 921
 922
 923
 924
 925
 926
 927
 928
 929
 930
 931
 932
 933
 934
 935
 936
 937
 938
 939
 940
 941
 942
 943
 944
 945
 946
 947
 948
 949
 950
 951
 952
 953
 954
 955
 956
 957
 958
 959
 960
 961
 962
 963
 964
 965
 966
 967
 968
 969
 970
 971
 972
 973
 974
 975
 976
 977
 978
 979
 980
 981
 982
 983
 984
 985
 986
 987
 988
 989
 990
 991
 992
 993
 994
 995
 996
 997
 998
 999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
/* Predicate aware uninitialized variable warning.
   Copyright (C) 2001-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   Contributed by Xinliang David Li <davidxl@google.com>

This file is part of GCC.

GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
any later version.

GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include "config.h"
#include "system.h"
#include "coretypes.h"
#include "backend.h"
#include "tree.h"
#include "gimple.h"
#include "tree-pass.h"
#include "ssa.h"
#include "gimple-pretty-print.h"
#include "diagnostic-core.h"
#include "fold-const.h"
#include "gimple-iterator.h"
#include "tree-ssa.h"
#include "tree-cfg.h"
#include "cfghooks.h"

/* This implements the pass that does predicate aware warning on uses of
   possibly uninitialized variables.  The pass first collects the set of
   possibly uninitialized SSA names.  For each such name, it walks through
   all its immediate uses.  For each immediate use, it rebuilds the condition
   expression (the predicate) that guards the use.  The predicate is then
   examined to see if the variable is always defined under that same condition.
   This is done either by pruning the unrealizable paths that lead to the
   default definitions or by checking if the predicate set that guards the
   defining paths is a superset of the use predicate.  */

/* Max PHI args we can handle in pass.  */
const unsigned max_phi_args = 32;

/* Pointer set of potentially undefined ssa names, i.e.,
   ssa names that are defined by phi with operands that
   are not defined or potentially undefined.  */
static hash_set<tree> *possibly_undefined_names = 0;

/* Bit mask handling macros.  */
#define MASK_SET_BIT(mask, pos) mask |= (1 << pos)
#define MASK_TEST_BIT(mask, pos) (mask & (1 << pos))
#define MASK_EMPTY(mask) (mask == 0)

/* Returns the first bit position (starting from LSB)
   in mask that is non zero.  Returns -1 if the mask is empty.  */
static int
get_mask_first_set_bit (unsigned mask)
{
  int pos = 0;
  if (mask == 0)
    return -1;

  while ((mask & (1 << pos)) == 0)
    pos++;

  return pos;
}
#define MASK_FIRST_SET_BIT(mask) get_mask_first_set_bit (mask)

/* Return true if T, an SSA_NAME, has an undefined value.  */
static bool
has_undefined_value_p (tree t)
{
  return (ssa_undefined_value_p (t)
	  || (possibly_undefined_names
	      && possibly_undefined_names->contains (t)));
}

/* Like has_undefined_value_p, but don't return true if TREE_NO_WARNING
   is set on SSA_NAME_VAR.  */

static inline bool
uninit_undefined_value_p (tree t)
{
  if (!has_undefined_value_p (t))
    return false;
  if (SSA_NAME_VAR (t) && TREE_NO_WARNING (SSA_NAME_VAR (t)))
    return false;
  return true;
}

/* Emit warnings for uninitialized variables.  This is done in two passes.

   The first pass notices real uses of SSA names with undefined values.
   Such uses are unconditionally uninitialized, and we can be certain that
   such a use is a mistake.  This pass is run before most optimizations,
   so that we catch as many as we can.

   The second pass follows PHI nodes to find uses that are potentially
   uninitialized.  In this case we can't necessarily prove that the use
   is really uninitialized.  This pass is run after most optimizations,
   so that we thread as many jumps and possible, and delete as much dead
   code as possible, in order to reduce false positives.  We also look
   again for plain uninitialized variables, since optimization may have
   changed conditionally uninitialized to unconditionally uninitialized.  */

/* Emit a warning for EXPR based on variable VAR at the point in the
   program T, an SSA_NAME, is used being uninitialized.  The exact
   warning text is in MSGID and DATA is the gimple stmt with info about
   the location in source code.  When DATA is a GIMPLE_PHI, PHIARG_IDX
   gives which argument of the phi node to take the location from.  WC
   is the warning code.  */

static void
warn_uninit (enum opt_code wc, tree t, tree expr, tree var,
	     const char *gmsgid, void *data, location_t phiarg_loc)
{
  gimple *context = (gimple *) data;
  location_t location, cfun_loc;
  expanded_location xloc, floc;

  /* Ignore COMPLEX_EXPR as initializing only a part of a complex
     turns in a COMPLEX_EXPR with the not initialized part being
     set to its previous (undefined) value.  */
  if (is_gimple_assign (context)
      && gimple_assign_rhs_code (context) == COMPLEX_EXPR)
    return;
  if (!has_undefined_value_p (t))
    return;

  /* Anonymous SSA_NAMEs shouldn't be uninitialized, but ssa_undefined_value_p
     can return true if the def stmt of anonymous SSA_NAME is COMPLEX_EXPR
     created for conversion from scalar to complex.  Use the underlying var of
     the COMPLEX_EXPRs real part in that case.  See PR71581.  */
  if (expr == NULL_TREE
      && var == NULL_TREE
      && SSA_NAME_VAR (t) == NULL_TREE
      && is_gimple_assign (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (t))
      && gimple_assign_rhs_code (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (t)) == COMPLEX_EXPR)
    {
      tree v = gimple_assign_rhs1 (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (t));
      if (TREE_CODE (v) == SSA_NAME
	  && has_undefined_value_p (v)
	  && zerop (gimple_assign_rhs2 (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (t))))
	{
	  expr = SSA_NAME_VAR (v);
	  var = expr;
	}
    }

  if (expr == NULL_TREE)
    return;

  /* TREE_NO_WARNING either means we already warned, or the front end
     wishes to suppress the warning.  */
  if ((context
       && (gimple_no_warning_p (context)
	   || (gimple_assign_single_p (context)
	       && TREE_NO_WARNING (gimple_assign_rhs1 (context)))))
      || TREE_NO_WARNING (expr))
    return;

  if (context != NULL && gimple_has_location (context))
    location = gimple_location (context);
  else if (phiarg_loc != UNKNOWN_LOCATION)
    location = phiarg_loc;
  else
    location = DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (var);
  location = linemap_resolve_location (line_table, location,
				       LRK_SPELLING_LOCATION, NULL);
  cfun_loc = DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (cfun->decl);
  xloc = expand_location (location);
  floc = expand_location (cfun_loc);
  auto_diagnostic_group d;
  if (warning_at (location, wc, gmsgid, expr))
    {
      TREE_NO_WARNING (expr) = 1;

      if (location == DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (var))
	return;
      if (xloc.file != floc.file
	  || linemap_location_before_p (line_table, location, cfun_loc)
	  || linemap_location_before_p (line_table, cfun->function_end_locus,
					location))
	inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (var), "%qD was declared here", var);
    }
}

struct check_defs_data
{
  /* If we found any may-defs besides must-def clobbers.  */
  bool found_may_defs;
};

/* Callback for walk_aliased_vdefs.  */

static bool
check_defs (ao_ref *ref, tree vdef, void *data_)
{
  check_defs_data *data = (check_defs_data *)data_;
  gimple *def_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (vdef);
  /* If this is a clobber then if it is not a kill walk past it.  */
  if (gimple_clobber_p (def_stmt))
    {
      if (stmt_kills_ref_p (def_stmt, ref))
	return true;
      return false;
    }
  /* Found a may-def on this path.  */
  data->found_may_defs = true;
  return true;
}

static unsigned int
warn_uninitialized_vars (bool warn_possibly_uninitialized)
{
  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
  basic_block bb;
  unsigned int vdef_cnt = 0;
  unsigned int oracle_cnt = 0;
  unsigned limit = 0;

  FOR_EACH_BB_FN (bb, cfun)
    {
      basic_block succ = single_succ (ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun));
      bool always_executed = dominated_by_p (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS, succ, bb);
      for (gsi = gsi_start_bb (bb); !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_next (&gsi))
	{
	  gimple *stmt = gsi_stmt (gsi);
	  use_operand_p use_p;
	  ssa_op_iter op_iter;
	  tree use;

	  if (is_gimple_debug (stmt))
	    continue;

	  /* We only do data flow with SSA_NAMEs, so that's all we
	     can warn about.  */
	  FOR_EACH_SSA_USE_OPERAND (use_p, stmt, op_iter, SSA_OP_USE)
	    {
	      /* BIT_INSERT_EXPR first operand should not be considered
	         a use for the purpose of uninit warnings.  */
	      if (gassign *ass = dyn_cast <gassign *> (stmt))
		{
		  if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (ass) == BIT_INSERT_EXPR
		      && use_p->use == gimple_assign_rhs1_ptr (ass))
		    continue;
		}
	      use = USE_FROM_PTR (use_p);
	      if (always_executed)
		warn_uninit (OPT_Wuninitialized, use, SSA_NAME_VAR (use),
			     SSA_NAME_VAR (use),
			     "%qD is used uninitialized in this function", stmt,
			     UNKNOWN_LOCATION);
	      else if (warn_possibly_uninitialized)
		warn_uninit (OPT_Wmaybe_uninitialized, use, SSA_NAME_VAR (use),
			     SSA_NAME_VAR (use),
			     "%qD may be used uninitialized in this function",
			     stmt, UNKNOWN_LOCATION);
	    }

	  /* For limiting the alias walk below we count all
	     vdefs in the function.  */
	  if (gimple_vdef (stmt))
	    vdef_cnt++;

	  if (gimple_assign_load_p (stmt)
	      && gimple_has_location (stmt))
	    {
	      tree rhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);
	      tree lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);
	      bool has_bit_insert = false;
	      use_operand_p luse_p;
	      imm_use_iterator liter;

	      if (TREE_NO_WARNING (rhs))
		continue;

	      ao_ref ref;
	      ao_ref_init (&ref, rhs);

	      /* Do not warn if the base was marked so or this is a
	         hard register var.  */
	      tree base = ao_ref_base (&ref);
	      if ((VAR_P (base)
		   && DECL_HARD_REGISTER (base))
		  || TREE_NO_WARNING (base))
		continue;

	      /* Do not warn if the access is fully outside of the
	         variable.  */
	      poly_int64 decl_size;
	      if (DECL_P (base)
		  && known_size_p (ref.size)
		  && ((known_eq (ref.max_size, ref.size)
		       && known_le (ref.offset + ref.size, 0))
		      || (known_ge (ref.offset, 0)
			  && DECL_SIZE (base)
			  && poly_int_tree_p (DECL_SIZE (base), &decl_size)
			  && known_le (decl_size, ref.offset))))
		continue;

	      /* Do not warn if the access is then used for a BIT_INSERT_EXPR. */
	      if (TREE_CODE (lhs) == SSA_NAME)
	        FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_FAST (luse_p, liter, lhs)
		  {
		    gimple *use_stmt = USE_STMT (luse_p);
                    /* BIT_INSERT_EXPR first operand should not be considered
		       a use for the purpose of uninit warnings.  */
		    if (gassign *ass = dyn_cast <gassign *> (use_stmt))
		      {
			if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (ass) == BIT_INSERT_EXPR
			    && luse_p->use == gimple_assign_rhs1_ptr (ass))
			  {
			    has_bit_insert = true;
			    break;
			  }
		      }
		  }
	      if (has_bit_insert)
		continue;

	      /* Limit the walking to a constant number of stmts after
	         we overcommit quadratic behavior for small functions
		 and O(n) behavior.  */
	      if (oracle_cnt > 128 * 128
		  && oracle_cnt > vdef_cnt * 2)
		limit = 32;
	      check_defs_data data;
	      bool fentry_reached = false;
	      data.found_may_defs = false;
	      use = gimple_vuse (stmt);
	      int res = walk_aliased_vdefs (&ref, use,
					    check_defs, &data, NULL,
					    &fentry_reached, limit);
	      if (res == -1)
		{
		  oracle_cnt += limit;
		  continue;
		}
	      oracle_cnt += res;
	      if (data.found_may_defs)
		continue;
	      /* Do not warn if it can be initialized outside this function.
	         If we did not reach function entry then we found killing
		 clobbers on all paths to entry.  */
	      if (fentry_reached
		  /* ???  We'd like to use ref_may_alias_global_p but that
		     excludes global readonly memory and thus we get bougs
		     warnings from p = cond ? "a" : "b" for example.  */
		  && (!VAR_P (base)
		      || is_global_var (base)))
		continue;

	      /* We didn't find any may-defs so on all paths either
	         reached function entry or a killing clobber.  */
	      location_t location
		= linemap_resolve_location (line_table, gimple_location (stmt),
					    LRK_SPELLING_LOCATION, NULL);
	      if (always_executed)
		{
		  if (warning_at (location, OPT_Wuninitialized,
				  "%qE is used uninitialized in this function",
				  rhs))
		    /* ???  This is only effective for decls as in
		       gcc.dg/uninit-B-O0.c.  Avoid doing this for
		       maybe-uninit uses as it may hide important
		       locations.  */
		    TREE_NO_WARNING (rhs) = 1;
		}
	      else if (warn_possibly_uninitialized)
		warning_at (location, OPT_Wmaybe_uninitialized,
			    "%qE may be used uninitialized in this function",
			    rhs);
	    }
	}
    }

  return 0;
}

/* Checks if the operand OPND of PHI is defined by
   another phi with one operand defined by this PHI,
   but the rest operands are all defined.  If yes,
   returns true to skip this operand as being
   redundant.  Can be enhanced to be more general.  */

static bool
can_skip_redundant_opnd (tree opnd, gimple *phi)
{
  gimple *op_def;
  tree phi_def;
  int i, n;

  phi_def = gimple_phi_result (phi);
  op_def = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (opnd);
  if (gimple_code (op_def) != GIMPLE_PHI)
    return false;
  n = gimple_phi_num_args (op_def);
  for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
      tree op = gimple_phi_arg_def (op_def, i);
      if (TREE_CODE (op) != SSA_NAME)
	continue;
      if (op != phi_def && uninit_undefined_value_p (op))
	return false;
    }

  return true;
}

/* Returns a bit mask holding the positions of arguments in PHI
   that have empty (or possibly empty) definitions.  */

static unsigned
compute_uninit_opnds_pos (gphi *phi)
{
  size_t i, n;
  unsigned uninit_opnds = 0;

  n = gimple_phi_num_args (phi);
  /* Bail out for phi with too many args.  */
  if (n > max_phi_args)
    return 0;

  for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
      tree op = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, i);
      if (TREE_CODE (op) == SSA_NAME
	  && uninit_undefined_value_p (op)
	  && !can_skip_redundant_opnd (op, phi))
	{
	  if (cfun->has_nonlocal_label || cfun->calls_setjmp)
	    {
	      /* Ignore SSA_NAMEs that appear on abnormal edges
		 somewhere.  */
	      if (SSA_NAME_OCCURS_IN_ABNORMAL_PHI (op))
		continue;
	    }
	  MASK_SET_BIT (uninit_opnds, i);
	}
    }
  return uninit_opnds;
}

/* Find the immediate postdominator PDOM of the specified
   basic block BLOCK.  */

static inline basic_block
find_pdom (basic_block block)
{
  if (block == EXIT_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun))
    return EXIT_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun);
  else
    {
      basic_block bb = get_immediate_dominator (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS, block);
      if (!bb)
	return EXIT_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun);
      return bb;
    }
}

/* Find the immediate DOM of the specified basic block BLOCK.  */

static inline basic_block
find_dom (basic_block block)
{
  if (block == ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun))
    return ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun);
  else
    {
      basic_block bb = get_immediate_dominator (CDI_DOMINATORS, block);
      if (!bb)
	return ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun);
      return bb;
    }
}

/* Returns true if BB1 is postdominating BB2 and BB1 is
   not a loop exit bb.  The loop exit bb check is simple and does
   not cover all cases.  */

static bool
is_non_loop_exit_postdominating (basic_block bb1, basic_block bb2)
{
  if (!dominated_by_p (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS, bb2, bb1))
    return false;

  if (single_pred_p (bb1) && !single_succ_p (bb2))
    return false;

  return true;
}

/* Find the closest postdominator of a specified BB, which is control
   equivalent to BB.  */

static inline basic_block
find_control_equiv_block (basic_block bb)
{
  basic_block pdom;

  pdom = find_pdom (bb);

  /* Skip the postdominating bb that is also loop exit.  */
  if (!is_non_loop_exit_postdominating (pdom, bb))
    return NULL;

  if (dominated_by_p (CDI_DOMINATORS, pdom, bb))
    return pdom;

  return NULL;
}

#define MAX_NUM_CHAINS 8
#define MAX_CHAIN_LEN 5
#define MAX_POSTDOM_CHECK 8
#define MAX_SWITCH_CASES 40

/* Computes the control dependence chains (paths of edges)
   for DEP_BB up to the dominating basic block BB (the head node of a
   chain should be dominated by it).  CD_CHAINS is pointer to an
   array holding the result chains.  CUR_CD_CHAIN is the current
   chain being computed.  *NUM_CHAINS is total number of chains.  The
   function returns true if the information is successfully computed,
   return false if there is no control dependence or not computed.  */

static bool
compute_control_dep_chain (basic_block bb, basic_block dep_bb,
			   vec<edge> *cd_chains,
			   size_t *num_chains,
			   vec<edge> *cur_cd_chain,
			   int *num_calls)
{
  edge_iterator ei;
  edge e;
  size_t i;
  bool found_cd_chain = false;
  size_t cur_chain_len = 0;

  if (*num_calls > param_uninit_control_dep_attempts)
    return false;
  ++*num_calls;

  /* Could use a set instead.  */
  cur_chain_len = cur_cd_chain->length ();
  if (cur_chain_len > MAX_CHAIN_LEN)
    return false;

  for (i = 0; i < cur_chain_len; i++)
    {
      edge e = (*cur_cd_chain)[i];
      /* Cycle detected.  */
      if (e->src == bb)
	return false;
    }

  FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, bb->succs)
    {
      basic_block cd_bb;
      int post_dom_check = 0;
      if (e->flags & (EDGE_FAKE | EDGE_ABNORMAL))
	continue;

      cd_bb = e->dest;
      cur_cd_chain->safe_push (e);
      while (!is_non_loop_exit_postdominating (cd_bb, bb))
	{
	  if (cd_bb == dep_bb)
	    {
	      /* Found a direct control dependence.  */
	      if (*num_chains < MAX_NUM_CHAINS)
		{
		  cd_chains[*num_chains] = cur_cd_chain->copy ();
		  (*num_chains)++;
		}
	      found_cd_chain = true;
	      /* Check path from next edge.  */
	      break;
	    }

	  /* Now check if DEP_BB is indirectly control dependent on BB.  */
	  if (compute_control_dep_chain (cd_bb, dep_bb, cd_chains, num_chains,
					 cur_cd_chain, num_calls))
	    {
	      found_cd_chain = true;
	      break;
	    }

	  cd_bb = find_pdom (cd_bb);
	  post_dom_check++;
	  if (cd_bb == EXIT_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun)
	      || post_dom_check > MAX_POSTDOM_CHECK)
	    break;
	}
      cur_cd_chain->pop ();
      gcc_assert (cur_cd_chain->length () == cur_chain_len);
    }
  gcc_assert (cur_cd_chain->length () == cur_chain_len);

  return found_cd_chain;
}

/* The type to represent a simple predicate.  */

struct pred_info
{
  tree pred_lhs;
  tree pred_rhs;
  enum tree_code cond_code;
  bool invert;
};

/* The type to represent a sequence of predicates grouped
  with .AND. operation.  */

typedef vec<pred_info, va_heap, vl_ptr> pred_chain;

/* The type to represent a sequence of pred_chains grouped
  with .OR. operation.  */

typedef vec<pred_chain, va_heap, vl_ptr> pred_chain_union;

/* Converts the chains of control dependence edges into a set of
   predicates.  A control dependence chain is represented by a vector
   edges.  DEP_CHAINS points to an array of dependence chains.
   NUM_CHAINS is the size of the chain array.  One edge in a dependence
   chain is mapped to predicate expression represented by pred_info
   type.  One dependence chain is converted to a composite predicate that
   is the result of AND operation of pred_info mapped to each edge.
   A composite predicate is presented by a vector of pred_info.  On
   return, *PREDS points to the resulting array of composite predicates.
   *NUM_PREDS is the number of composite predictes.  */

static bool
convert_control_dep_chain_into_preds (vec<edge> *dep_chains,
				      size_t num_chains,
				      pred_chain_union *preds)
{
  bool has_valid_pred = false;
  size_t i, j;
  if (num_chains == 0 || num_chains >= MAX_NUM_CHAINS)
    return false;

  /* Now convert the control dep chain into a set
     of predicates.  */
  preds->reserve (num_chains);

  for (i = 0; i < num_chains; i++)
    {
      vec<edge> one_cd_chain = dep_chains[i];

      has_valid_pred = false;
      pred_chain t_chain = vNULL;
      for (j = 0; j < one_cd_chain.length (); j++)
	{
	  gimple *cond_stmt;
	  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;
	  basic_block guard_bb;
	  pred_info one_pred;
	  edge e;

	  e = one_cd_chain[j];
	  guard_bb = e->src;
	  gsi = gsi_last_bb (guard_bb);
	  /* Ignore empty forwarder blocks.  */
	  if (empty_block_p (guard_bb) && single_succ_p (guard_bb))
	    continue;
	  /* An empty basic block here is likely a PHI, and is not one
	     of the cases we handle below.  */
	  if (gsi_end_p (gsi))
	    {
	      has_valid_pred = false;
	      break;
	    }
	  cond_stmt = gsi_stmt (gsi);
	  if (is_gimple_call (cond_stmt) && EDGE_COUNT (e->src->succs) >= 2)
	    /* Ignore EH edge.  Can add assertion on the other edge's flag.  */
	    continue;
	  /* Skip if there is essentially one succesor.  */
	  if (EDGE_COUNT (e->src->succs) == 2)
	    {
	      edge e1;
	      edge_iterator ei1;
	      bool skip = false;

	      FOR_EACH_EDGE (e1, ei1, e->src->succs)
		{
		  if (EDGE_COUNT (e1->dest->succs) == 0)
		    {
		      skip = true;
		      break;
		    }
		}
	      if (skip)
		continue;
	    }
	  if (gimple_code (cond_stmt) == GIMPLE_COND)
	    {
	      one_pred.pred_lhs = gimple_cond_lhs (cond_stmt);
	      one_pred.pred_rhs = gimple_cond_rhs (cond_stmt);
	      one_pred.cond_code = gimple_cond_code (cond_stmt);
	      one_pred.invert = !!(e->flags & EDGE_FALSE_VALUE);
	      t_chain.safe_push (one_pred);
	      has_valid_pred = true;
	    }
	  else if (gswitch *gs = dyn_cast<gswitch *> (cond_stmt))
	    {
	      /* Avoid quadratic behavior.  */
	      if (gimple_switch_num_labels (gs) > MAX_SWITCH_CASES)
		{
		  has_valid_pred = false;
		  break;
		}
	      /* Find the case label.  */
	      tree l = NULL_TREE;
	      unsigned idx;
	      for (idx = 0; idx < gimple_switch_num_labels (gs); ++idx)
		{
		  tree tl = gimple_switch_label (gs, idx);
		  if (e->dest == label_to_block (cfun, CASE_LABEL (tl)))
		    {
		      if (!l)
			l = tl;
		      else
			{
			  l = NULL_TREE;
			  break;
			}
		    }
		}
	      /* If more than one label reaches this block or the case
		 label doesn't have a single value (like the default one)
		 fail.  */
	      if (!l
		  || !CASE_LOW (l)
		  || (CASE_HIGH (l)
		      && !operand_equal_p (CASE_LOW (l), CASE_HIGH (l), 0)))
		{
		  has_valid_pred = false;
		  break;
		}
	      one_pred.pred_lhs = gimple_switch_index (gs);
	      one_pred.pred_rhs = CASE_LOW (l);
	      one_pred.cond_code = EQ_EXPR;
	      one_pred.invert = false;
	      t_chain.safe_push (one_pred);
	      has_valid_pred = true;
	    }
	  else
	    {
	      has_valid_pred = false;
	      break;
	    }
	}

      if (!has_valid_pred)
	break;
      else
	preds->safe_push (t_chain);
    }
  return has_valid_pred;
}

/* Computes all control dependence chains for USE_BB.  The control
   dependence chains are then converted to an array of composite
   predicates pointed to by PREDS.  PHI_BB is the basic block of
   the phi whose result is used in USE_BB.  */

static bool
find_predicates (pred_chain_union *preds,
		 basic_block phi_bb,
		 basic_block use_bb)
{
  size_t num_chains = 0, i;
  int num_calls = 0;
  vec<edge> dep_chains[MAX_NUM_CHAINS];
  auto_vec<edge, MAX_CHAIN_LEN + 1> cur_chain;
  bool has_valid_pred = false;
  basic_block cd_root = 0;

  /* First find the closest bb that is control equivalent to PHI_BB
     that also dominates USE_BB.  */
  cd_root = phi_bb;
  while (dominated_by_p (CDI_DOMINATORS, use_bb, cd_root))
    {
      basic_block ctrl_eq_bb = find_control_equiv_block (cd_root);
      if (ctrl_eq_bb && dominated_by_p (CDI_DOMINATORS, use_bb, ctrl_eq_bb))
	cd_root = ctrl_eq_bb;
      else
	break;
    }

  compute_control_dep_chain (cd_root, use_bb, dep_chains, &num_chains,
			     &cur_chain, &num_calls);

  has_valid_pred
    = convert_control_dep_chain_into_preds (dep_chains, num_chains, preds);
  for (i = 0; i < num_chains; i++)
    dep_chains[i].release ();
  return has_valid_pred;
}

/* Computes the set of incoming edges of PHI that have non empty
   definitions of a phi chain.  The collection will be done
   recursively on operands that are defined by phis.  CD_ROOT
   is the control dependence root.  *EDGES holds the result, and
   VISITED_PHIS is a pointer set for detecting cycles.  */

static void
collect_phi_def_edges (gphi *phi, basic_block cd_root,
		       auto_vec<edge> *edges,
		       hash_set<gimple *> *visited_phis)
{
  size_t i, n;
  edge opnd_edge;
  tree opnd;

  if (visited_phis->add (phi))
    return;

  n = gimple_phi_num_args (phi);
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      opnd_edge = gimple_phi_arg_edge (phi, i);
      opnd = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, i);

      if (TREE_CODE (opnd) != SSA_NAME)
	{
	  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
	    {
	      fprintf (dump_file, "\n[CHECK] Found def edge %d in ", (int) i);
	      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, phi, 0);
	    }
	  edges->safe_push (opnd_edge);
	}
      else
	{
	  gimple *def = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (opnd);

	  if (gimple_code (def) == GIMPLE_PHI
	      && dominated_by_p (CDI_DOMINATORS, gimple_bb (def), cd_root))
	    collect_phi_def_edges (as_a<gphi *> (def), cd_root, edges,
				   visited_phis);
	  else if (!uninit_undefined_value_p (opnd))
	    {
	      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
		{
		  fprintf (dump_file, "\n[CHECK] Found def edge %d in ",
			   (int) i);
		  print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, phi, 0);
		}
	      edges->safe_push (opnd_edge);
	    }
	}
    }
}

/* For each use edge of PHI, computes all control dependence chains.
   The control dependence chains are then converted to an array of
   composite predicates pointed to by PREDS.  */

static bool
find_def_preds (pred_chain_union *preds, gphi *phi)
{
  size_t num_chains = 0, i, n;
  vec<edge> dep_chains[MAX_NUM_CHAINS];
  auto_vec<edge, MAX_CHAIN_LEN + 1> cur_chain;
  auto_vec<edge> def_edges;
  bool has_valid_pred = false;
  basic_block phi_bb, cd_root = 0;

  phi_bb = gimple_bb (phi);
  /* First find the closest dominating bb to be
     the control dependence root.  */
  cd_root = find_dom (phi_bb);
  if (!cd_root)
    return false;

  hash_set<gimple *> visited_phis;
  collect_phi_def_edges (phi, cd_root, &def_edges, &visited_phis);

  n = def_edges.length ();
  if (n == 0)
    return false;

  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      size_t prev_nc, j;
      int num_calls = 0;
      edge opnd_edge;

      opnd_edge = def_edges[i];
      prev_nc = num_chains;
      compute_control_dep_chain (cd_root, opnd_edge->src, dep_chains,
				 &num_chains, &cur_chain, &num_calls);

      /* Now update the newly added chains with
	 the phi operand edge:  */
      if (EDGE_COUNT (opnd_edge->src->succs) > 1)
	{
	  if (prev_nc == num_chains && num_chains < MAX_NUM_CHAINS)
	    dep_chains[num_chains++] = vNULL;
	  for (j = prev_nc; j < num_chains; j++)
	    dep_chains[j].safe_push (opnd_edge);
	}
    }

  has_valid_pred
    = convert_control_dep_chain_into_preds (dep_chains, num_chains, preds);
  for (i = 0; i < num_chains; i++)
    dep_chains[i].release ();
  return has_valid_pred;
}

/* Dump a pred_info.  */

static void
dump_pred_info (pred_info one_pred)
{
  if (one_pred.invert)
    fprintf (dump_file, " (.NOT.) ");
  print_generic_expr (dump_file, one_pred.pred_lhs);
  fprintf (dump_file, " %s ", op_symbol_code (one_pred.cond_code));
  print_generic_expr (dump_file, one_pred.pred_rhs);
}

/* Dump a pred_chain.  */

static void
dump_pred_chain (pred_chain one_pred_chain)
{
  size_t np = one_pred_chain.length ();
  for (size_t j = 0; j < np; j++)
    {
      dump_pred_info (one_pred_chain[j]);
      if (j < np - 1)
	fprintf (dump_file, " (.AND.) ");
      else
	fprintf (dump_file, "\n");
    }
}

/* Dumps the predicates (PREDS) for USESTMT.  */

static void
dump_predicates (gimple *usestmt, pred_chain_union preds, const char *msg)
{
  fprintf (dump_file, "%s", msg);
  if (usestmt)
    {
      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, usestmt, 0);
      fprintf (dump_file, "is guarded by :\n\n");
    }
  size_t num_preds = preds.length ();
  for (size_t i = 0; i < num_preds; i++)
    {
      dump_pred_chain (preds[i]);
      if (i < num_preds - 1)
	fprintf (dump_file, "(.OR.)\n");
      else
	fprintf (dump_file, "\n\n");
    }
}

/* Destroys the predicate set *PREDS.  */

static void
destroy_predicate_vecs (pred_chain_union *preds)
{
  size_t i;

  size_t n = preds->length ();
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    (*preds)[i].release ();
  preds->release ();
}

/* Computes the 'normalized' conditional code with operand
   swapping and condition inversion.  */

static enum tree_code
get_cmp_code (enum tree_code orig_cmp_code, bool swap_cond, bool invert)
{
  enum tree_code tc = orig_cmp_code;

  if (swap_cond)
    tc = swap_tree_comparison (orig_cmp_code);
  if (invert)
    tc = invert_tree_comparison (tc, false);

  switch (tc)
    {
    case LT_EXPR:
    case LE_EXPR:
    case GT_EXPR:
    case GE_EXPR:
    case EQ_EXPR:
    case NE_EXPR:
      break;
    default:
      return ERROR_MARK;
    }
  return tc;
}

/* Returns whether VAL CMPC BOUNDARY is true.  */

static bool
is_value_included_in (tree val, tree boundary, enum tree_code cmpc)
{
  bool inverted = false;
  bool result;

  /* Only handle integer constant here.  */
  if (TREE_CODE (val) != INTEGER_CST || TREE_CODE (boundary) != INTEGER_CST)
    return true;

  if (cmpc == GE_EXPR || cmpc == GT_EXPR || cmpc == NE_EXPR)
    {
      cmpc = invert_tree_comparison (cmpc, false);
      inverted = true;
    }

  if (cmpc == EQ_EXPR)
    result = tree_int_cst_equal (val, boundary);
  else if (cmpc == LT_EXPR)
    result = tree_int_cst_lt (val, boundary);
  else
    {
      gcc_assert (cmpc == LE_EXPR);
      result = tree_int_cst_le (val, boundary);
    }

  if (inverted)
    result ^= 1;

  return result;
}

/* Returns whether VAL satisfies (x CMPC BOUNDARY) predicate.  CMPC can be
   either one of the range comparison codes ({GE,LT,EQ,NE}_EXPR and the like),
   or BIT_AND_EXPR.  EXACT_P is only meaningful for the latter.  It modifies the
   question from whether VAL & BOUNDARY != 0 to whether VAL & BOUNDARY == VAL.
   For other values of CMPC, EXACT_P is ignored.  */

static bool
value_sat_pred_p (tree val, tree boundary, enum tree_code cmpc,
		  bool exact_p = false)
{
  if (cmpc != BIT_AND_EXPR)
    return is_value_included_in (val, boundary, cmpc);

  wide_int andw = wi::to_wide (val) & wi::to_wide (boundary);
  if (exact_p)
    return andw == wi::to_wide (val);
  else
    return andw.to_uhwi ();
}

/* Returns true if PRED is common among all the predicate
   chains (PREDS) (and therefore can be factored out).
   NUM_PRED_CHAIN is the size of array PREDS.  */

static bool
find_matching_predicate_in_rest_chains (pred_info pred,
					pred_chain_union preds,
					size_t num_pred_chains)
{
  size_t i, j, n;

  /* Trival case.  */
  if (num_pred_chains == 1)
    return true;

  for (i = 1; i < num_pred_chains; i++)
    {
      bool found = false;
      pred_chain one_chain = preds[i];
      n = one_chain.length ();
      for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
	{
	  pred_info pred2 = one_chain[j];
	  /* Can relax the condition comparison to not
	     use address comparison.  However, the most common
	     case is that multiple control dependent paths share
	     a common path prefix, so address comparison should
	     be ok.  */

	  if (operand_equal_p (pred2.pred_lhs, pred.pred_lhs, 0)
	      && operand_equal_p (pred2.pred_rhs, pred.pred_rhs, 0)
	      && pred2.invert == pred.invert)
	    {
	      found = true;
	      break;
	    }
	}
      if (!found)
	return false;
    }
  return true;
}

/* Forward declaration.  */
static bool is_use_properly_guarded (gimple *use_stmt,
				     basic_block use_bb,
				     gphi *phi,
				     unsigned uninit_opnds,
				     pred_chain_union *def_preds,
				     hash_set<gphi *> *visited_phis);

/* Returns true if all uninitialized opnds are pruned.  Returns false
   otherwise.  PHI is the phi node with uninitialized operands,
   UNINIT_OPNDS is the bitmap of the uninitialize operand positions,
   FLAG_DEF is the statement defining the flag guarding the use of the
   PHI output, BOUNDARY_CST is the const value used in the predicate
   associated with the flag, CMP_CODE is the comparison code used in
   the predicate, VISITED_PHIS is the pointer set of phis visited, and
   VISITED_FLAG_PHIS is the pointer to the pointer set of flag definitions
   that are also phis.

   Example scenario:

   BB1:
   flag_1 = phi <0, 1>			// (1)
   var_1  = phi <undef, some_val>


   BB2:
   flag_2 = phi <0,   flag_1, flag_1>   // (2)
   var_2  = phi <undef, var_1, var_1>
   if (flag_2 == 1)
      goto BB3;

   BB3:
   use of var_2				// (3)

   Because some flag arg in (1) is not constant, if we do not look into the
   flag phis recursively, it is conservatively treated as unknown and var_1
   is thought to be flowed into use at (3).  Since var_1 is potentially
   uninitialized a false warning will be emitted.
   Checking recursively into (1), the compiler can find out that only some_val
   (which is defined) can flow into (3) which is OK.  */

static bool
prune_uninit_phi_opnds (gphi *phi, unsigned uninit_opnds, gphi *flag_def,
			tree boundary_cst, enum tree_code cmp_code,
			hash_set<gphi *> *visited_phis,
			bitmap *visited_flag_phis)
{
  unsigned i;

  for (i = 0; i < MIN (max_phi_args, gimple_phi_num_args (flag_def)); i++)
    {
      tree flag_arg;

      if (!MASK_TEST_BIT (uninit_opnds, i))
	continue;

      flag_arg = gimple_phi_arg_def (flag_def, i);
      if (!is_gimple_constant (flag_arg))
	{
	  gphi *flag_arg_def, *phi_arg_def;
	  tree phi_arg;
	  unsigned uninit_opnds_arg_phi;

	  if (TREE_CODE (flag_arg) != SSA_NAME)
	    return false;
	  flag_arg_def = dyn_cast<gphi *> (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (flag_arg));
	  if (!flag_arg_def)
	    return false;

	  phi_arg = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, i);
	  if (TREE_CODE (phi_arg) != SSA_NAME)
	    return false;

	  phi_arg_def = dyn_cast<gphi *> (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (phi_arg));
	  if (!phi_arg_def)
	    return false;

	  if (gimple_bb (phi_arg_def) != gimple_bb (flag_arg_def))
	    return false;

	  if (!*visited_flag_phis)
	    *visited_flag_phis = BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL);

	  tree phi_result = gimple_phi_result (flag_arg_def);
	  if (bitmap_bit_p (*visited_flag_phis, SSA_NAME_VERSION (phi_result)))
	    return false;

	  bitmap_set_bit (*visited_flag_phis,
			  SSA_NAME_VERSION (gimple_phi_result (flag_arg_def)));

	  /* Now recursively prune the uninitialized phi args.  */
	  uninit_opnds_arg_phi = compute_uninit_opnds_pos (phi_arg_def);
	  if (!prune_uninit_phi_opnds
	      (phi_arg_def, uninit_opnds_arg_phi, flag_arg_def, boundary_cst,
	       cmp_code, visited_phis, visited_flag_phis))
	    return false;

	  phi_result = gimple_phi_result (flag_arg_def);
	  bitmap_clear_bit (*visited_flag_phis, SSA_NAME_VERSION (phi_result));
	  continue;
	}

      /* Now check if the constant is in the guarded range.  */
      if (is_value_included_in (flag_arg, boundary_cst, cmp_code))
	{
	  tree opnd;
	  gimple *opnd_def;

	  /* Now that we know that this undefined edge is not
	     pruned.  If the operand is defined by another phi,
	     we can further prune the incoming edges of that
	     phi by checking the predicates of this operands.  */

	  opnd = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, i);
	  opnd_def = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (opnd);
	  if (gphi *opnd_def_phi = dyn_cast <gphi *> (opnd_def))
	    {
	      edge opnd_edge;
	      unsigned uninit_opnds2 = compute_uninit_opnds_pos (opnd_def_phi);
	      if (!MASK_EMPTY (uninit_opnds2))
		{
		  pred_chain_union def_preds = vNULL;
		  bool ok;
		  opnd_edge = gimple_phi_arg_edge (phi, i);
		  ok = is_use_properly_guarded (phi,
						opnd_edge->src,
						opnd_def_phi,
						uninit_opnds2,
						&def_preds,
						visited_phis);
		  destroy_predicate_vecs (&def_preds);
		  if (!ok)
		    return false;
		}
	    }
	  else
	    return false;
	}
    }

  return true;
}

/* A helper function that determines if the predicate set
   of the use is not overlapping with that of the uninit paths.
   The most common senario of guarded use is in Example 1:
     Example 1:
	   if (some_cond)
	   {
	      x = ...;
	      flag = true;
	   }

	    ... some code ...

	   if (flag)
	      use (x);

     The real world examples are usually more complicated, but similar
     and usually result from inlining:

	 bool init_func (int * x)
	 {
	     if (some_cond)
		return false;
	     *x  =  ..
	     return true;
	 }

	 void foo (..)
	 {
	     int x;

	     if (!init_func (&x))
		return;

	     .. some_code ...
	     use (x);
	 }

     Another possible use scenario is in the following trivial example:

     Example 2:
	  if (n > 0)
	     x = 1;
	  ...
	  if (n > 0)
	    {
	      if (m < 2)
		 .. = x;
	    }

     Predicate analysis needs to compute the composite predicate:

       1) 'x' use predicate: (n > 0) .AND. (m < 2)
       2) 'x' default value  (non-def) predicate: .NOT. (n > 0)
       (the predicate chain for phi operand defs can be computed
       starting from a bb that is control equivalent to the phi's
       bb and is dominating the operand def.)

       and check overlapping:
	  (n > 0) .AND. (m < 2) .AND. (.NOT. (n > 0))
	<==> false

     This implementation provides framework that can handle
     scenarios.  (Note that many simple cases are handled properly
     without the predicate analysis -- this is due to jump threading
     transformation which eliminates the merge point thus makes
     path sensitive analysis unnecessary.)

     PHI is the phi node whose incoming (undefined) paths need to be
     pruned, and UNINIT_OPNDS is the bitmap holding uninit operand
     positions.  VISITED_PHIS is the pointer set of phi stmts being
     checked.  */

static bool
use_pred_not_overlap_with_undef_path_pred (pred_chain_union preds,
					   gphi *phi, unsigned uninit_opnds,
					   hash_set<gphi *> *visited_phis)
{
  unsigned int i, n;
  gimple *flag_def = 0;
  tree boundary_cst = 0;
  enum tree_code cmp_code;
  bool swap_cond = false;
  bool invert = false;
  pred_chain the_pred_chain = vNULL;
  bitmap visited_flag_phis = NULL;
  bool all_pruned = false;
  size_t num_preds = preds.length ();

  gcc_assert (num_preds > 0);
  /* Find within the common prefix of multiple predicate chains
     a predicate that is a comparison of a flag variable against
     a constant.  */
  the_pred_chain = preds[0];
  n = the_pred_chain.length ();
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      tree cond_lhs, cond_rhs, flag = 0;

      pred_info the_pred = the_pred_chain[i];

      invert = the_pred.invert;
      cond_lhs = the_pred.pred_lhs;
      cond_rhs = the_pred.pred_rhs;
      cmp_code = the_pred.cond_code;

      if (cond_lhs != NULL_TREE && TREE_CODE (cond_lhs) == SSA_NAME
	  && cond_rhs != NULL_TREE && is_gimple_constant (cond_rhs))
	{
	  boundary_cst = cond_rhs;
	  flag = cond_lhs;
	}
      else if (cond_rhs != NULL_TREE && TREE_CODE (cond_rhs) == SSA_NAME
	       && cond_lhs != NULL_TREE && is_gimple_constant (cond_lhs))
	{
	  boundary_cst = cond_lhs;
	  flag = cond_rhs;
	  swap_cond = true;
	}

      if (!flag)
	continue;

      flag_def = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (flag);

      if (!flag_def)
	continue;

      if ((gimple_code (flag_def) == GIMPLE_PHI)
	  && (gimple_bb (flag_def) == gimple_bb (phi))
	  && find_matching_predicate_in_rest_chains (the_pred, preds,
						     num_preds))
	break;

      flag_def = 0;
    }

  if (!flag_def)
    return false;

  /* Now check all the uninit incoming edge has a constant flag value
     that is in conflict with the use guard/predicate.  */
  cmp_code = get_cmp_code (cmp_code, swap_cond, invert);

  if (cmp_code == ERROR_MARK)
    return false;

  all_pruned = prune_uninit_phi_opnds
    (phi, uninit_opnds, as_a<gphi *> (flag_def), boundary_cst, cmp_code,
     visited_phis, &visited_flag_phis);

  if (visited_flag_phis)
    BITMAP_FREE (visited_flag_phis);

  return all_pruned;
}

/* The helper function returns true if two predicates X1 and X2
   are equivalent.  It assumes the expressions have already
   properly re-associated.  */

static inline bool
pred_equal_p (pred_info x1, pred_info x2)
{
  enum tree_code c1, c2;
  if (!operand_equal_p (x1.pred_lhs, x2.pred_lhs, 0)
      || !operand_equal_p (x1.pred_rhs, x2.pred_rhs, 0))
    return false;

  c1 = x1.cond_code;
  if (x1.invert != x2.invert
      && TREE_CODE_CLASS (x2.cond_code) == tcc_comparison)
    c2 = invert_tree_comparison (x2.cond_code, false);
  else
    c2 = x2.cond_code;

  return c1 == c2;
}

/* Returns true if the predication is testing !=.  */

static inline bool
is_neq_relop_p (pred_info pred)
{

  return ((pred.cond_code == NE_EXPR && !pred.invert)
	  || (pred.cond_code == EQ_EXPR && pred.invert));
}

/* Returns true if pred is of the form X != 0.  */

static inline bool
is_neq_zero_form_p (pred_info pred)
{
  if (!is_neq_relop_p (pred) || !integer_zerop (pred.pred_rhs)
      || TREE_CODE (pred.pred_lhs) != SSA_NAME)
    return false;
  return true;
}

/* The helper function returns true if two predicates X1
   is equivalent to X2 != 0.  */

static inline bool
pred_expr_equal_p (pred_info x1, tree x2)
{
  if (!is_neq_zero_form_p (x1))
    return false;

  return operand_equal_p (x1.pred_lhs, x2, 0);
}

/* Returns true of the domain of single predicate expression
   EXPR1 is a subset of that of EXPR2.  Returns false if it
   cannot be proved.  */

static bool
is_pred_expr_subset_of (pred_info expr1, pred_info expr2)
{
  enum tree_code code1, code2;

  if (pred_equal_p (expr1, expr2))
    return true;

  if ((TREE_CODE (expr1.pred_rhs) != INTEGER_CST)
      || (TREE_CODE (expr2.pred_rhs) != INTEGER_CST))
    return false;

  if (!operand_equal_p (expr1.pred_lhs, expr2.pred_lhs, 0))
    return false;

  code1 = expr1.cond_code;
  if (expr1.invert)
    code1 = invert_tree_comparison (code1, false);
  code2 = expr2.cond_code;
  if (expr2.invert)
    code2 = invert_tree_comparison (code2, false);

  if (code2 == NE_EXPR && code1 == NE_EXPR)
    return false;

  if (code2 == NE_EXPR)
    return !value_sat_pred_p (expr2.pred_rhs, expr1.pred_rhs, code1);

  if (code1 == EQ_EXPR)
    return value_sat_pred_p (expr1.pred_rhs, expr2.pred_rhs, code2);

  if (code1 == code2)
    return value_sat_pred_p (expr1.pred_rhs, expr2.pred_rhs, code2,
			     code1 == BIT_AND_EXPR);

  return false;
}

/* Returns true if the domain of PRED1 is a subset
   of that of PRED2.  Returns false if it cannot be proved so.  */

static bool
is_pred_chain_subset_of (pred_chain pred1, pred_chain pred2)
{
  size_t np1, np2, i1, i2;

  np1 = pred1.length ();
  np2 = pred2.length ();

  for (i2 = 0; i2 < np2; i2++)
    {
      bool found = false;
      pred_info info2 = pred2[i2];
      for (i1 = 0; i1 < np1; i1++)
	{
	  pred_info info1 = pred1[i1];
	  if (is_pred_expr_subset_of (info1, info2))
	    {
	      found = true;
	      break;
	    }
	}
      if (!found)
	return false;
    }
  return true;
}

/* Returns true if the domain defined by
   one pred chain ONE_PRED is a subset of the domain
   of *PREDS.  It returns false if ONE_PRED's domain is
   not a subset of any of the sub-domains of PREDS
   (corresponding to each individual chains in it), even
   though it may be still be a subset of whole domain
   of PREDS which is the union (ORed) of all its subdomains.
   In other words, the result is conservative.  */

static bool
is_included_in (pred_chain one_pred, pred_chain_union preds)
{
  size_t i;
  size_t n = preds.length ();

  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      if (is_pred_chain_subset_of (one_pred, preds[i]))
	return true;
    }

  return false;
}

/* Compares two predicate sets PREDS1 and PREDS2 and returns
   true if the domain defined by PREDS1 is a superset
   of PREDS2's domain.  N1 and N2 are array sizes of PREDS1 and
   PREDS2 respectively.  The implementation chooses not to build
   generic trees (and relying on the folding capability of the
   compiler), but instead performs brute force comparison of
   individual predicate chains (won't be a compile time problem
   as the chains are pretty short).  When the function returns
   false, it does not necessarily mean *PREDS1 is not a superset
   of *PREDS2, but mean it may not be so since the analysis cannot
   prove it.  In such cases, false warnings may still be
   emitted.  */

static bool
is_superset_of (pred_chain_union preds1, pred_chain_union preds2)
{
  size_t i, n2;
  pred_chain one_pred_chain = vNULL;

  n2 = preds2.length ();

  for (i = 0; i < n2; i++)
    {
      one_pred_chain = preds2[i];
      if (!is_included_in (one_pred_chain, preds1))
	return false;
    }

  return true;
}

/* Returns true if X1 is the negate of X2.  */

static inline bool
pred_neg_p (pred_info x1, pred_info x2)
{
  enum tree_code c1, c2;
  if (!operand_equal_p (x1.pred_lhs, x2.pred_lhs, 0)
      || !operand_equal_p (x1.pred_rhs, x2.pred_rhs, 0))
    return false;

  c1 = x1.cond_code;
  if (x1.invert == x2.invert)
    c2 = invert_tree_comparison (x2.cond_code, false);
  else
    c2 = x2.cond_code;

  return c1 == c2;
}

/* 1) ((x IOR y) != 0) AND (x != 0) is equivalent to (x != 0);
   2) (X AND Y) OR (!X AND Y) is equivalent to Y;
   3) X OR (!X AND Y) is equivalent to (X OR Y);
   4) ((x IAND y) != 0) || (x != 0 AND y != 0)) is equivalent to
      (x != 0 AND y != 0)
   5) (X AND Y) OR (!X AND Z) OR (!Y AND Z) is equivalent to
      (X AND Y) OR Z

   PREDS is the predicate chains, and N is the number of chains.  */

/* Helper function to implement rule 1 above.  ONE_CHAIN is
   the AND predication to be simplified.  */

static void
simplify_pred (pred_chain *one_chain)
{
  size_t i, j, n;
  bool simplified = false;
  pred_chain s_chain = vNULL;

  n = one_chain->length ();

  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      pred_info *a_pred = &(*one_chain)[i];

      if (!a_pred->pred_lhs)
	continue;
      if (!is_neq_zero_form_p (*a_pred))
	continue;

      gimple *def_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (a_pred->pred_lhs);
      if (gimple_code (def_stmt) != GIMPLE_ASSIGN)
	continue;
      if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (def_stmt) == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
	    {
	      pred_info *b_pred = &(*one_chain)[j];

	      if (!b_pred->pred_lhs)
		continue;
	      if (!is_neq_zero_form_p (*b_pred))
		continue;

	      if (pred_expr_equal_p (*b_pred, gimple_assign_rhs1 (def_stmt))
		  || pred_expr_equal_p (*b_pred, gimple_assign_rhs2 (def_stmt)))
		{
		  /* Mark a_pred for removal.  */
		  a_pred->pred_lhs = NULL;
		  a_pred->pred_rhs = NULL;
		  simplified = true;
		  break;
		}
	    }
	}
    }

  if (!simplified)
    return;

  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      pred_info *a_pred = &(*one_chain)[i];
      if (!a_pred->pred_lhs)
	continue;
      s_chain.safe_push (*a_pred);
    }

  one_chain->release ();
  *one_chain = s_chain;
}

/* The helper function implements the rule 2 for the
   OR predicate PREDS.

   2) (X AND Y) OR (!X AND Y) is equivalent to Y.  */

static bool
simplify_preds_2 (pred_chain_union *preds)
{
  size_t i, j, n;
  bool simplified = false;
  pred_chain_union s_preds = vNULL;

  /* (X AND Y) OR (!X AND Y) is equivalent to Y.
     (X AND Y) OR (X AND !Y) is equivalent to X.  */

  n = preds->length ();
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      pred_info x, y;
      pred_chain *a_chain = &(*preds)[i];

      if (a_chain->length () != 2)
	continue;

      x = (*a_chain)[0];
      y = (*a_chain)[1];

      for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
	{
	  pred_chain *b_chain;
	  pred_info x2, y2;

	  if (j == i)
	    continue;

	  b_chain = &(*preds)[j];
	  if (b_chain->length () != 2)
	    continue;

	  x2 = (*b_chain)[0];
	  y2 = (*b_chain)[1];

	  if (pred_equal_p (x, x2) && pred_neg_p (y, y2))
	    {
	      /* Kill a_chain.  */
	      a_chain->release ();
	      b_chain->release ();
	      b_chain->safe_push (x);
	      simplified = true;
	      break;
	    }
	  if (pred_neg_p (x, x2) && pred_equal_p (y, y2))
	    {
	      /* Kill a_chain.  */
	      a_chain->release ();
	      b_chain->release ();
	      b_chain->safe_push (y);
	      simplified = true;
	      break;
	    }
	}
    }
  /* Now clean up the chain.  */
  if (simplified)
    {
      for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
	  if ((*preds)[i].is_empty ())
	    continue;
	  s_preds.safe_push ((*preds)[i]);
	}
      preds->release ();
      (*preds) = s_preds;
      s_preds = vNULL;
    }

  return simplified;
}

/* The helper function implements the rule 2 for the
   OR predicate PREDS.

   3) x OR (!x AND y) is equivalent to x OR y.  */

static bool
simplify_preds_3 (pred_chain_union *preds)
{
  size_t i, j, n;
  bool simplified = false;

  /* Now iteratively simplify X OR (!X AND Z ..)
       into X OR (Z ...).  */

  n = preds->length ();
  if (n < 2)
    return false;

  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      pred_info x;
      pred_chain *a_chain = &(*preds)[i];

      if (a_chain->length () != 1)
	continue;

      x = (*a_chain)[0];

      for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
	{
	  pred_chain *b_chain;
	  pred_info x2;
	  size_t k;

	  if (j == i)
	    continue;

	  b_chain = &(*preds)[j];
	  if (b_chain->length () < 2)
	    continue;

	  for (k = 0; k < b_chain->length (); k++)
	    {
	      x2 = (*b_chain)[k];
	      if (pred_neg_p (x, x2))
		{
		  b_chain->unordered_remove (k);
		  simplified = true;
		  break;
		}
	    }
	}
    }
  return simplified;
}

/* The helper function implements the rule 4 for the
   OR predicate PREDS.

   2) ((x AND y) != 0) OR (x != 0 AND y != 0) is equivalent to
       (x != 0 ANd y != 0).   */

static bool
simplify_preds_4 (pred_chain_union *preds)
{
  size_t i, j, n;
  bool simplified = false;
  pred_chain_union s_preds = vNULL;
  gimple *def_stmt;

  n = preds->length ();
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      pred_info z;
      pred_chain *a_chain = &(*preds)[i];

      if (a_chain->length () != 1)
	continue;

      z = (*a_chain)[0];

      if (!is_neq_zero_form_p (z))
	continue;

      def_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (z.pred_lhs);
      if (gimple_code (def_stmt) != GIMPLE_ASSIGN)
	continue;

      if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (def_stmt) != BIT_AND_EXPR)
	continue;

      for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
	{
	  pred_chain *b_chain;
	  pred_info x2, y2;

	  if (j == i)
	    continue;

	  b_chain = &(*preds)[j];
	  if (b_chain->length () != 2)
	    continue;

	  x2 = (*b_chain)[0];
	  y2 = (*b_chain)[1];
	  if (!is_neq_zero_form_p (x2) || !is_neq_zero_form_p (y2))
	    continue;

	  if ((pred_expr_equal_p (x2, gimple_assign_rhs1 (def_stmt))
	       && pred_expr_equal_p (y2, gimple_assign_rhs2 (def_stmt)))
	      || (pred_expr_equal_p (x2, gimple_assign_rhs2 (def_stmt))
		  && pred_expr_equal_p (y2, gimple_assign_rhs1 (def_stmt))))
	    {
	      /* Kill a_chain.  */
	      a_chain->release ();
	      simplified = true;
	      break;
	    }
	}
    }
  /* Now clean up the chain.  */
  if (simplified)
    {
      for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
	  if ((*preds)[i].is_empty ())
	    continue;
	  s_preds.safe_push ((*preds)[i]);
	}

      preds->release ();
      (*preds) = s_preds;
      s_preds = vNULL;
    }

  return simplified;
}

/* This function simplifies predicates in PREDS.  */

static void
simplify_preds (pred_chain_union *preds, gimple *use_or_def, bool is_use)
{
  size_t i, n;
  bool changed = false;

  if (dump_file && dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "[BEFORE SIMPLICATION -- ");
      dump_predicates (use_or_def, *preds, is_use ? "[USE]:\n" : "[DEF]:\n");
    }

  for (i = 0; i < preds->length (); i++)
    simplify_pred (&(*preds)[i]);

  n = preds->length ();
  if (n < 2)
    return;

  do
    {
      changed = false;
      if (simplify_preds_2 (preds))
	changed = true;

      /* Now iteratively simplify X OR (!X AND Z ..)
       into X OR (Z ...).  */
      if (simplify_preds_3 (preds))
	changed = true;

      if (simplify_preds_4 (preds))
	changed = true;
    }
  while (changed);

  return;
}

/* This is a helper function which attempts to normalize predicate chains
  by following UD chains.  It basically builds up a big tree of either IOR
  operations or AND operations, and convert the IOR tree into a
  pred_chain_union or BIT_AND tree into a pred_chain.
  Example:

  _3 = _2 RELOP1 _1;
  _6 = _5 RELOP2 _4;
  _9 = _8 RELOP3 _7;
  _10 = _3 | _6;
  _12 = _9 | _0;
  _t = _10 | _12;

 then _t != 0 will be normalized into a pred_chain_union

   (_2 RELOP1 _1) OR (_5 RELOP2 _4) OR (_8 RELOP3 _7) OR (_0 != 0)

 Similarly given,

  _3 = _2 RELOP1 _1;
  _6 = _5 RELOP2 _4;
  _9 = _8 RELOP3 _7;
  _10 = _3 & _6;
  _12 = _9 & _0;

 then _t != 0 will be normalized into a pred_chain:
   (_2 RELOP1 _1) AND (_5 RELOP2 _4) AND (_8 RELOP3 _7) AND (_0 != 0)

  */

/* This is a helper function that stores a PRED into NORM_PREDS.  */

inline static void
push_pred (pred_chain_union *norm_preds, pred_info pred)
{
  pred_chain pred_chain = vNULL;
  pred_chain.safe_push (pred);
  norm_preds->safe_push (pred_chain);
}

/* A helper function that creates a predicate of the form
   OP != 0 and push it WORK_LIST.  */

inline static void
push_to_worklist (tree op, vec<pred_info, va_heap, vl_ptr> *work_list,
		  hash_set<tree> *mark_set)
{
  if (mark_set->contains (op))
    return;
  mark_set->add (op);

  pred_info arg_pred;
  arg_pred.pred_lhs = op;
  arg_pred.pred_rhs = integer_zero_node;
  arg_pred.cond_code = NE_EXPR;
  arg_pred.invert = false;
  work_list->safe_push (arg_pred);
}

/* A helper that generates a pred_info from a gimple assignment
   CMP_ASSIGN with comparison rhs.  */

static pred_info
get_pred_info_from_cmp (gimple *cmp_assign)
{
  pred_info n_pred;
  n_pred.pred_lhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (cmp_assign);
  n_pred.pred_rhs = gimple_assign_rhs2 (cmp_assign);
  n_pred.cond_code = gimple_assign_rhs_code (cmp_assign);
  n_pred.invert = false;
  return n_pred;
}

/* Returns true if the PHI is a degenerated phi with
   all args with the same value (relop).  In that case, *PRED
   will be updated to that value.  */

static bool
is_degenerated_phi (gimple *phi, pred_info *pred_p)
{
  int i, n;
  tree op0;
  gimple *def0;
  pred_info pred0;

  n = gimple_phi_num_args (phi);
  op0 = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, 0);

  if (TREE_CODE (op0) != SSA_NAME)
    return false;

  def0 = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (op0);
  if (gimple_code (def0) != GIMPLE_ASSIGN)
    return false;
  if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (gimple_assign_rhs_code (def0)) != tcc_comparison)
    return false;
  pred0 = get_pred_info_from_cmp (def0);

  for (i = 1; i < n; ++i)
    {
      gimple *def;
      pred_info pred;
      tree op = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, i);

      if (TREE_CODE (op) != SSA_NAME)
	return false;

      def = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (op);
      if (gimple_code (def) != GIMPLE_ASSIGN)
	return false;
      if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (gimple_assign_rhs_code (def)) != tcc_comparison)
	return false;
      pred = get_pred_info_from_cmp (def);
      if (!pred_equal_p (pred, pred0))
	return false;
    }

  *pred_p = pred0;
  return true;
}

/* Normalize one predicate PRED
   1) if PRED can no longer be normlized, put it into NORM_PREDS.
   2) otherwise if PRED is of the form x != 0, follow x's definition
      and put normalized predicates into WORK_LIST.  */

static void
normalize_one_pred_1 (pred_chain_union *norm_preds,
		      pred_chain *norm_chain,
		      pred_info pred,
		      enum tree_code and_or_code,
		      vec<pred_info, va_heap, vl_ptr> *work_list,
		      hash_set<tree> *mark_set)
{
  if (!is_neq_zero_form_p (pred))
    {
      if (and_or_code == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
	push_pred (norm_preds, pred);
      else
	norm_chain->safe_push (pred);
      return;
    }

  gimple *def_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (pred.pred_lhs);

  if (gimple_code (def_stmt) == GIMPLE_PHI
      && is_degenerated_phi (def_stmt, &pred))
    work_list->safe_push (pred);
  else if (gimple_code (def_stmt) == GIMPLE_PHI && and_or_code == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
    {
      int i, n;
      n = gimple_phi_num_args (def_stmt);

      /* If we see non zero constant, we should punt.  The predicate
       * should be one guarding the phi edge.  */
      for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
	  tree op = gimple_phi_arg_def (def_stmt, i);
	  if (TREE_CODE (op) == INTEGER_CST && !integer_zerop (op))
	    {
	      push_pred (norm_preds, pred);
	      return;
	    }
	}

      for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
	  tree op = gimple_phi_arg_def (def_stmt, i);
	  if (integer_zerop (op))
	    continue;

	  push_to_worklist (op, work_list, mark_set);
	}
    }
  else if (gimple_code (def_stmt) != GIMPLE_ASSIGN)
    {
      if (and_or_code == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
	push_pred (norm_preds, pred);
      else
	norm_chain->safe_push (pred);
    }
  else if (gimple_assign_rhs_code (def_stmt) == and_or_code)
    {
      /* Avoid splitting up bit manipulations like x & 3 or y | 1.  */
      if (is_gimple_min_invariant (gimple_assign_rhs2 (def_stmt)))
	{
	  /* But treat x & 3 as condition.  */
	  if (and_or_code == BIT_AND_EXPR)
	    {
	      pred_info n_pred;
	      n_pred.pred_lhs = gimple_assign_rhs1 (def_stmt);
	      n_pred.pred_rhs = gimple_assign_rhs2 (def_stmt);
	      n_pred.cond_code = and_or_code;
	      n_pred.invert = false;
	      norm_chain->safe_push (n_pred);
	    }
	}
      else
	{
	  push_to_worklist (gimple_assign_rhs1 (def_stmt), work_list, mark_set);
	  push_to_worklist (gimple_assign_rhs2 (def_stmt), work_list, mark_set);
	}
    }
  else if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (gimple_assign_rhs_code (def_stmt))
	   == tcc_comparison)
    {
      pred_info n_pred = get_pred_info_from_cmp (def_stmt);
      if (and_or_code == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
	push_pred (norm_preds, n_pred);
      else
	norm_chain->safe_push (n_pred);
    }
  else
    {
      if (and_or_code == BIT_IOR_EXPR)
	push_pred (norm_preds, pred);
      else
	norm_chain->safe_push (pred);
    }
}

/* Normalize PRED and store the normalized predicates into NORM_PREDS.  */

static void
normalize_one_pred (pred_chain_union *norm_preds, pred_info pred)
{
  vec<pred_info, va_heap, vl_ptr> work_list = vNULL;
  enum tree_code and_or_code = ERROR_MARK;
  pred_chain norm_chain = vNULL;

  if (!is_neq_zero_form_p (pred))
    {
      push_pred (norm_preds, pred);
      return;
    }

  gimple *def_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (pred.pred_lhs);
  if (gimple_code (def_stmt) == GIMPLE_ASSIGN)
    and_or_code = gimple_assign_rhs_code (def_stmt);
  if (and_or_code != BIT_IOR_EXPR && and_or_code != BIT_AND_EXPR)
    {
      if (TREE_CODE_CLASS (and_or_code) == tcc_comparison)
	{
	  pred_info n_pred = get_pred_info_from_cmp (def_stmt);
	  push_pred (norm_preds, n_pred);
	}
      else
	push_pred (norm_preds, pred);
      return;
    }

  work_list.safe_push (pred);
  hash_set<tree> mark_set;

  while (!work_list.is_empty ())
    {
      pred_info a_pred = work_list.pop ();
      normalize_one_pred_1 (norm_preds, &norm_chain, a_pred, and_or_code,
			    &work_list, &mark_set);
    }
  if (and_or_code == BIT_AND_EXPR)
    norm_preds->safe_push (norm_chain);

  work_list.release ();
}

static void
normalize_one_pred_chain (pred_chain_union *norm_preds, pred_chain one_chain)
{
  vec<pred_info, va_heap, vl_ptr> work_list = vNULL;
  hash_set<tree> mark_set;
  pred_chain norm_chain = vNULL;
  size_t i;

  for (i = 0; i < one_chain.length (); i++)
    {
      work_list.safe_push (one_chain[i]);
      mark_set.add (one_chain[i].pred_lhs);
    }

  while (!work_list.is_empty ())
    {
      pred_info a_pred = work_list.pop ();
      normalize_one_pred_1 (0, &norm_chain, a_pred, BIT_AND_EXPR, &work_list,
			    &mark_set);
    }

  norm_preds->safe_push (norm_chain);
  work_list.release ();
}

/* Normalize predicate chains PREDS and returns the normalized one.  */

static pred_chain_union
normalize_preds (pred_chain_union preds, gimple *use_or_def, bool is_use)
{
  pred_chain_union norm_preds = vNULL;
  size_t n = preds.length ();
  size_t i;

  if (dump_file && dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "[BEFORE NORMALIZATION --");
      dump_predicates (use_or_def, preds, is_use ? "[USE]:\n" : "[DEF]:\n");
    }

  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      if (preds[i].length () != 1)
	normalize_one_pred_chain (&norm_preds, preds[i]);
      else
	{
	  normalize_one_pred (&norm_preds, preds[i][0]);
	  preds[i].release ();
	}
    }

  if (dump_file)
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "[AFTER NORMALIZATION -- ");
      dump_predicates (use_or_def, norm_preds,
		       is_use ? "[USE]:\n" : "[DEF]:\n");
    }

  destroy_predicate_vecs (&preds);
  return norm_preds;
}

/* Return TRUE if PREDICATE can be invalidated by any individual
   predicate in USE_GUARD.  */

static bool
can_one_predicate_be_invalidated_p (pred_info predicate,
				    pred_chain use_guard)
{
  if (dump_file && dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "Testing if this predicate: ");
      dump_pred_info (predicate);
      fprintf (dump_file, "\n...can be invalidated by a USE guard of: ");
      dump_pred_chain (use_guard);
    }
  for (size_t i = 0; i < use_guard.length (); ++i)
    {
      /* NOTE: This is a very simple check, and only understands an
	 exact opposite.  So, [i == 0] is currently only invalidated
	 by [.NOT. i == 0] or [i != 0].  Ideally we should also
	 invalidate with say [i > 5] or [i == 8].  There is certainly
	 room for improvement here.  */
      if (pred_neg_p (predicate, use_guard[i]))
	{
	  if (dump_file && dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)
	    {
	      fprintf (dump_file, "  Predicate was invalidated by: ");
	      dump_pred_info (use_guard[i]);
	      fputc ('\n', dump_file);
	    }
	  return true;
	}
    }
  return false;
}

/* Return TRUE if all predicates in UNINIT_PRED are invalidated by
   USE_GUARD being true.  */

static bool
can_chain_union_be_invalidated_p (pred_chain_union uninit_pred,
				  pred_chain use_guard)
{
  if (uninit_pred.is_empty ())
    return false;
  if (dump_file && dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)
    dump_predicates (NULL, uninit_pred,
		     "Testing if anything here can be invalidated: ");
  for (size_t i = 0; i < uninit_pred.length (); ++i)
    {
      pred_chain c = uninit_pred[i];
      size_t j;
      for (j = 0; j < c.length (); ++j)
	if (can_one_predicate_be_invalidated_p (c[j], use_guard))
	  break;

      /* If we were unable to invalidate any predicate in C, then there
	 is a viable path from entry to the PHI where the PHI takes
	 an uninitialized value and continues to a use of the PHI.  */
      if (j == c.length ())
	return false;
    }
  return true;
}

/* Return TRUE if none of the uninitialized operands in UNINT_OPNDS
   can actually happen if we arrived at a use for PHI.

   PHI_USE_GUARDS are the guard conditions for the use of the PHI.  */

static bool
uninit_uses_cannot_happen (gphi *phi, unsigned uninit_opnds,
			   pred_chain_union phi_use_guards)
{
  unsigned phi_args = gimple_phi_num_args (phi);
  if (phi_args > max_phi_args)
    return false;

  /* PHI_USE_GUARDS are OR'ed together.  If we have more than one
     possible guard, there's no way of knowing which guard was true.
     Since we need to be absolutely sure that the uninitialized
     operands will be invalidated, bail.  */
  if (phi_use_guards.length () != 1)
    return false;

  /* Look for the control dependencies of all the uninitialized
     operands and build guard predicates describing them.  */
  pred_chain_union uninit_preds;
  bool ret = true;
  for (unsigned i = 0; i < phi_args; ++i)
    {
      if (!MASK_TEST_BIT (uninit_opnds, i))
	continue;

      edge e = gimple_phi_arg_edge (phi, i);
      vec<edge> dep_chains[MAX_NUM_CHAINS];
      auto_vec<edge, MAX_CHAIN_LEN + 1> cur_chain;
      size_t num_chains = 0;
      int num_calls = 0;

      /* Build the control dependency chain for uninit operand `i'...  */
      uninit_preds = vNULL;
      if (!compute_control_dep_chain (ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun),
				      e->src, dep_chains, &num_chains,
				      &cur_chain, &num_calls))
	{
	  ret = false;
	  break;
	}
      /* ...and convert it into a set of predicates.  */
      bool has_valid_preds
	= convert_control_dep_chain_into_preds (dep_chains, num_chains,
						&uninit_preds);
      for (size_t j = 0; j < num_chains; ++j)
	dep_chains[j].release ();
      if (!has_valid_preds)
	{
	  ret = false;
	  break;
	}
      simplify_preds (&uninit_preds, NULL, false);
      uninit_preds = normalize_preds (uninit_preds, NULL, false);

      /* Can the guard for this uninitialized operand be invalidated
	 by the PHI use?  */
      if (!can_chain_union_be_invalidated_p (uninit_preds, phi_use_guards[0]))
	{
	  ret = false;
	  break;
	}
    }
  destroy_predicate_vecs (&uninit_preds);
  return ret;
}

/* Computes the predicates that guard the use and checks
   if the incoming paths that have empty (or possibly
   empty) definition can be pruned/filtered.  The function returns
   true if it can be determined that the use of PHI's def in
   USE_STMT is guarded with a predicate set not overlapping with
   predicate sets of all runtime paths that do not have a definition.

   Returns false if it is not or it cannot be determined.  USE_BB is
   the bb of the use (for phi operand use, the bb is not the bb of
   the phi stmt, but the src bb of the operand edge).

   UNINIT_OPNDS is a bit vector.  If an operand of PHI is uninitialized, the
   corresponding bit in the vector is 1.  VISITED_PHIS is a pointer
   set of phis being visited.

   *DEF_PREDS contains the (memoized) defining predicate chains of PHI.
   If *DEF_PREDS is the empty vector, the defining predicate chains of
   PHI will be computed and stored into *DEF_PREDS as needed.

   VISITED_PHIS is a pointer set of phis being visited.  */

static bool
is_use_properly_guarded (gimple *use_stmt,
			 basic_block use_bb,
			 gphi *phi,
			 unsigned uninit_opnds,
			 pred_chain_union *def_preds,
			 hash_set<gphi *> *visited_phis)
{
  basic_block phi_bb;
  pred_chain_union preds = vNULL;
  bool has_valid_preds = false;
  bool is_properly_guarded = false;

  if (visited_phis->add (phi))
    return false;

  phi_bb = gimple_bb (phi);

  if (is_non_loop_exit_postdominating (use_bb, phi_bb))
    return false;

  has_valid_preds = find_predicates (&preds, phi_bb, use_bb);

  if (!has_valid_preds)
    {
      destroy_predicate_vecs (&preds);
      return false;
    }

  /* Try to prune the dead incoming phi edges.  */
  is_properly_guarded
    = use_pred_not_overlap_with_undef_path_pred (preds, phi, uninit_opnds,
						 visited_phis);

  /* We might be able to prove that if the control dependencies
     for UNINIT_OPNDS are true, that the control dependencies for
     USE_STMT can never be true.  */
  if (!is_properly_guarded)
    is_properly_guarded |= uninit_uses_cannot_happen (phi, uninit_opnds,
						      preds);

  if (is_properly_guarded)
    {
      destroy_predicate_vecs (&preds);
      return true;
    }

  if (def_preds->is_empty ())
    {
      has_valid_preds = find_def_preds (def_preds, phi);

      if (!has_valid_preds)
	{
	  destroy_predicate_vecs (&preds);
	  return false;
	}

      simplify_preds (def_preds, phi, false);
      *def_preds = normalize_preds (*def_preds, phi, false);
    }

  simplify_preds (&preds, use_stmt, true);
  preds = normalize_preds (preds, use_stmt, true);

  is_properly_guarded = is_superset_of (*def_preds, preds);

  destroy_predicate_vecs (&preds);
  return is_properly_guarded;
}

/* Searches through all uses of a potentially
   uninitialized variable defined by PHI and returns a use
   statement if the use is not properly guarded.  It returns
   NULL if all uses are guarded.  UNINIT_OPNDS is a bitvector
   holding the position(s) of uninit PHI operands.  WORKLIST
   is the vector of candidate phis that may be updated by this
   function.  ADDED_TO_WORKLIST is the pointer set tracking
   if the new phi is already in the worklist.  */

static gimple *
find_uninit_use (gphi *phi, unsigned uninit_opnds,
		 vec<gphi *> *worklist,
		 hash_set<gphi *> *added_to_worklist)
{
  tree phi_result;
  use_operand_p use_p;
  gimple *use_stmt;
  imm_use_iterator iter;
  pred_chain_union def_preds = vNULL;
  gimple *ret = NULL;

  phi_result = gimple_phi_result (phi);

  FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_FAST (use_p, iter, phi_result)
    {
      basic_block use_bb;

      use_stmt = USE_STMT (use_p);
      if (is_gimple_debug (use_stmt))
	continue;

      if (gphi *use_phi = dyn_cast<gphi *> (use_stmt))
	use_bb = gimple_phi_arg_edge (use_phi,
				      PHI_ARG_INDEX_FROM_USE (use_p))->src;
      else
	use_bb = gimple_bb (use_stmt);

      hash_set<gphi *> visited_phis;
      if (is_use_properly_guarded (use_stmt, use_bb, phi, uninit_opnds,
				   &def_preds, &visited_phis))
	continue;

      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
	{
	  fprintf (dump_file, "[CHECK]: Found unguarded use: ");
	  print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, use_stmt, 0);
	}
      /* Found one real use, return.  */
      if (gimple_code (use_stmt) != GIMPLE_PHI)
	{
	  ret = use_stmt;
	  break;
	}

      /* Found a phi use that is not guarded,
	 add the phi to the worklist.  */
      if (!added_to_worklist->add (as_a<gphi *> (use_stmt)))
	{
	  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
	    {
	      fprintf (dump_file, "[WORKLIST]: Update worklist with phi: ");
	      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, use_stmt, 0);
	    }

	  worklist->safe_push (as_a<gphi *> (use_stmt));
	  possibly_undefined_names->add (phi_result);
	}
    }

  destroy_predicate_vecs (&def_preds);
  return ret;
}

/* Look for inputs to PHI that are SSA_NAMEs that have empty definitions
   and gives warning if there exists a runtime path from the entry to a
   use of the PHI def that does not contain a definition.  In other words,
   the warning is on the real use.  The more dead paths that can be pruned
   by the compiler, the fewer false positives the warning is.  WORKLIST
   is a vector of candidate phis to be examined.  ADDED_TO_WORKLIST is
   a pointer set tracking if the new phi is added to the worklist or not.  */

static void
warn_uninitialized_phi (gphi *phi, vec<gphi *> *worklist,
			hash_set<gphi *> *added_to_worklist)
{
  unsigned uninit_opnds;
  gimple *uninit_use_stmt = 0;
  tree uninit_op;
  int phiarg_index;
  location_t loc;

  /* Don't look at virtual operands.  */
  if (virtual_operand_p (gimple_phi_result (phi)))
    return;

  uninit_opnds = compute_uninit_opnds_pos (phi);

  if (MASK_EMPTY (uninit_opnds))
    return;

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
    {
      fprintf (dump_file, "[CHECK]: examining phi: ");
      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, phi, 0);
    }

  /* Now check if we have any use of the value without proper guard.  */
  uninit_use_stmt = find_uninit_use (phi, uninit_opnds,
				     worklist, added_to_worklist);

  /* All uses are properly guarded.  */
  if (!uninit_use_stmt)
    return;

  phiarg_index = MASK_FIRST_SET_BIT (uninit_opnds);
  uninit_op = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, phiarg_index);
  if (SSA_NAME_VAR (uninit_op) == NULL_TREE)
    return;
  if (gimple_phi_arg_has_location (phi, phiarg_index))
    loc = gimple_phi_arg_location (phi, phiarg_index);
  else
    loc = UNKNOWN_LOCATION;
  warn_uninit (OPT_Wmaybe_uninitialized, uninit_op, SSA_NAME_VAR (uninit_op),
	       SSA_NAME_VAR (uninit_op),
	       "%qD may be used uninitialized in this function",
	       uninit_use_stmt, loc);
}

static bool
gate_warn_uninitialized (void)
{
  return warn_uninitialized || warn_maybe_uninitialized;
}

namespace {

const pass_data pass_data_late_warn_uninitialized =
{
  GIMPLE_PASS, /* type */
  "uninit", /* name */
  OPTGROUP_NONE, /* optinfo_flags */
  TV_NONE, /* tv_id */
  PROP_ssa, /* properties_required */
  0, /* properties_provided */
  0, /* properties_destroyed */
  0, /* todo_flags_start */
  0, /* todo_flags_finish */
};

class pass_late_warn_uninitialized : public gimple_opt_pass
{
public:
  pass_late_warn_uninitialized (gcc::context *ctxt)
    : gimple_opt_pass (pass_data_late_warn_uninitialized, ctxt)
  {}

  /* opt_pass methods: */
  opt_pass *clone () { return new pass_late_warn_uninitialized (m_ctxt); }
  virtual bool gate (function *) { return gate_warn_uninitialized (); }
  virtual unsigned int execute (function *);

}; // class pass_late_warn_uninitialized

unsigned int
pass_late_warn_uninitialized::execute (function *fun)
{
  basic_block bb;
  gphi_iterator gsi;
  vec<gphi *> worklist = vNULL;

  calculate_dominance_info (CDI_DOMINATORS);
  calculate_dominance_info (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS);
  /* Re-do the plain uninitialized variable check, as optimization may have
     straightened control flow.  Do this first so that we don't accidentally
     get a "may be" warning when we'd have seen an "is" warning later.  */
  warn_uninitialized_vars (/*warn_possibly_uninitialized=*/1);

  timevar_push (TV_TREE_UNINIT);

  possibly_undefined_names = new hash_set<tree>;
  hash_set<gphi *> added_to_worklist;

  /* Initialize worklist  */
  FOR_EACH_BB_FN (bb, fun)
    for (gsi = gsi_start_phis (bb); !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_next (&gsi))
      {
	gphi *phi = gsi.phi ();
	size_t n, i;

	n = gimple_phi_num_args (phi);

	/* Don't look at virtual operands.  */
	if (virtual_operand_p (gimple_phi_result (phi)))
	  continue;

	for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	  {
	    tree op = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, i);
	    if (TREE_CODE (op) == SSA_NAME && uninit_undefined_value_p (op))
	      {
		worklist.safe_push (phi);
		added_to_worklist.add (phi);
		if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
		  {
		    fprintf (dump_file, "[WORKLIST]: add to initial list: ");
		    print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, phi, 0);
		  }
		break;
	      }
	  }
      }

  while (worklist.length () != 0)
    {
      gphi *cur_phi = 0;
      cur_phi = worklist.pop ();
      warn_uninitialized_phi (cur_phi, &worklist, &added_to_worklist);
    }

  worklist.release ();
  delete possibly_undefined_names;
  possibly_undefined_names = NULL;
  free_dominance_info (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS);
  timevar_pop (TV_TREE_UNINIT);
  return 0;
}

} // anon namespace

gimple_opt_pass *
make_pass_late_warn_uninitialized (gcc::context *ctxt)
{
  return new pass_late_warn_uninitialized (ctxt);
}

static unsigned int
execute_early_warn_uninitialized (void)
{
  /* Currently, this pass runs always but
     execute_late_warn_uninitialized only runs with optimization.  With
     optimization we want to warn about possible uninitialized as late
     as possible, thus don't do it here.  However, without
     optimization we need to warn here about "may be uninitialized".  */
  calculate_dominance_info (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS);

  warn_uninitialized_vars (/*warn_possibly_uninitialized=*/!optimize);

  /* Post-dominator information cannot be reliably updated.  Free it
     after the use.  */

  free_dominance_info (CDI_POST_DOMINATORS);
  return 0;
}

namespace {

const pass_data pass_data_early_warn_uninitialized =
{
  GIMPLE_PASS, /* type */
  "*early_warn_uninitialized", /* name */
  OPTGROUP_NONE, /* optinfo_flags */
  TV_TREE_UNINIT, /* tv_id */
  PROP_ssa, /* properties_required */
  0, /* properties_provided */
  0, /* properties_destroyed */
  0, /* todo_flags_start */
  0, /* todo_flags_finish */
};

class pass_early_warn_uninitialized : public gimple_opt_pass
{
public:
  pass_early_warn_uninitialized (gcc::context *ctxt)
    : gimple_opt_pass (pass_data_early_warn_uninitialized, ctxt)
  {}

  /* opt_pass methods: */
  virtual bool gate (function *) { return gate_warn_uninitialized (); }
  virtual unsigned int execute (function *)
  {
    return execute_early_warn_uninitialized ();
  }

}; // class pass_early_warn_uninitialized

} // anon namespace

gimple_opt_pass *
make_pass_early_warn_uninitialized (gcc::context *ctxt)
{
  return new pass_early_warn_uninitialized (ctxt);
}