.\" $NetBSD: sqlite3.1,v 1.1 2017/03/11 16:29:51 christos Exp $
.Dd December 16, 2012
.Dt SQLITE3 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm sqlite3
.Nd A command line interface for SQLite version 3
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Op Ar options
.Op Ar databasefile
.Op Ar SQL
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm
is a terminal-based front-end to the SQLite library that can evaluate
queries interactively and display the results in multiple formats.
.Nm
can also be used within shell scripts and other applications to provide
batch processing features.
.Pp
To start a
.Nm
interactive session, invoke the
.Nm
command and optionally provide the name of a database file.
If the database file does not exist, it will be created.
If the database file does exist, it will be opened.
.Pp
For example, to create a new database file named "mydata.db", create
a table named "memos" and insert a couple of records into that table:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
$ sqlite3 mydata.db
SQLite version 3.1.3
Enter ".help" for instructions
sqlite> create table memos(text, priority INTEGER);
sqlite> insert into memos values('deliver project description', 10);
sqlite> insert into memos values('lunch with Christine', 100);
sqlite> select * from memos;
deliver project description|10
lunch with Christine|100
sqlite>
.Ed
.Pp
If no database name is supplied, the
.Em ATTACH
sql command can be used
to attach to existing or create new database files.
.Em ATTACH
can also be used to attach to multiple databases within the same
interactive session.
This is useful for migrating data between databases,
possibly changing the schema along the way.
.Pp
Optionally, a SQL statement or set of SQL statements can be supplied as
a single argument.
Multiple statements should be separated by semi-colons.
.Pp
For example:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
$ sqlite3 -line mydata.db 'select * from memos where priority > 20;'
text = lunch with Christine
priority = 100
.Ed
.Ss SQLITE META-COMMANDS
The interactive interpreter offers a set of meta-commands that can be
used to control the output format, examine the currently attached
database files, or perform administrative operations upon the
attached databases (such as rebuilding indices).
Meta-commands are always prefixed with a dot
.Dq \&. .
.Pp
A list of available meta-commands can be viewed at any time by issuing
the '.help' command.
For example:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
sqlite> .help
\&.databases List names and files of attached databases
\&.dump ?TABLE? ... Dump the database in an SQL text format
\&.echo ON|OFF Turn command echo on or off
\&.exit Exit this program
\&.explain ON|OFF Turn output mode suitable for EXPLAIN on or off.
\&.header(s) ON|OFF Turn display of headers on or off
\&.help Show this message
\&.import FILE TABLE Import data from FILE into TABLE
\&.indices TABLE Show names of all indices on TABLE
\&.mode MODE ?TABLE? Set output mode where MODE is one of:
csv Comma-separated values
column Left-aligned columns. (See .width)
html HTML <table> code
insert SQL insert statements for TABLE
line One value per line
list Values delimited by .separator string
tabs Tab-separated values
tcl TCL list elements
\&.nullvalue STRING Print STRING in place of NULL values
\&.output FILENAME Send output to FILENAME
\&.output stdout Send output to the screen
\&.prompt MAIN CONTINUE Replace the standard prompts
\&.quit Exit this program
\&.read FILENAME Execute SQL in FILENAME
\&.schema ?TABLE? Show the CREATE statements
\&.separator STRING Change separator used by output mode and .import
\&.show Show the current values for various settings
\&.tables ?PATTERN? List names of tables matching a LIKE pattern
\&.timeout MS Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds
\&.width NUM NUM ... Set column widths for "column" mode
sqlite>
.Ed
.Sh OPTIONS
.Nm
has the following options:
.Bl -tag -width abcdefghij
.It Fl init Ar file
Read and execute commands from
.Ar file ,
which can contain a mix of SQL statements and meta-commands.
.It Fl echo
Print commands before execution.
.It Fl header
Turn headers on.
.It Fl noheader
Turn headers off.
.It Fl column
Query results will be displayed in a table like form, using
whitespace characters to separate the columns and align the
output.
.It Fl html
Query results will be output as simple HTML tables.
.It Fl line
Query results will be displayed with one value per line, rows
separated by a blank line.
Designed to be easily parsed by scripts or other programs
.It Fl list
Query results will be displayed with the separator (|, by default)
character between each field value.
.It Fl separator Ar separator
Set output field separator.
Default is
.Dq | .
.It Fl nullvalue Ar string
Set
.Ar string
used to represent
.Dv NULL
values.
Default is
.Dq \e
(empty string).
.It Fl version
Show SQLite version.
.It Fl help
Show help on options and exit.
.El
.Ss INIT FILE
.Nm
reads an initialization file to set the configuration of the
interactive environment.
Throughout initialization, any previously specified setting can be overridden.
The sequence of initialization is as follows:
.Bl -enum
.It
The default configuration is established as follows:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
mode = LIST
separator = "|"
main prompt = "sqlite> "
continue prompt = " ...> "
.Ed
.It
If the file
.Pa ~/.sqliterc
exists, it is processed first.
can be found in the user's home directory, it is
read and processed.
It should generally only contain meta-commands.
.It
If the
.Fl init
option is present, the specified file is processed.
.It
All other command line options are processed.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Lk http://www.sqlite.org/
.Sh AUTHORS
This manual page was originally written by Andreas Rottmann
.Aq rotty@debian.org ,
for the Debian GNU/Linux system (but may be used by others).
It was subsequently revised by Bill Bumgarner
.Aq bbum@mac.com .