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.\"     from: @(#)en.4	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
.\"
.Dd February 5, 2019
.Dt EN 4 vax
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm en
.Nd Xerox 3 Mb/s Ethernet interface
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Cd "en0 at uba0 csr 161000 vector enrint enxint encollide"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
NOTE: This driver has not been ported from
.Bx 4.4
yet.
.Pp
The
.Nm en
interface provides access to a 3 Mb/s Ethernet network.
Due to limitations in the hardware,
.Tn DMA
transfers
to and from the network must take place in the lower 64K bytes
of the
.Tn UNIBUS
address space, and thus this must be among the first
.Tn UNIBUS
devices enabled after boot.
.Pp
Each of the host's network addresses
is specified at boot time with an
.Dv SIOCSIFADDR
.Xr ioctl 2 .
The station address is discovered by probing the on-board Ethernet
address register, and is used to verify the protocol addresses.
No packets will be sent or accepted until
a network address is supplied.
.Pp
The interface software implements an exponential backoff algorithm
when notified of a collision on the cable.
This algorithm uses a 16-bit mask and the
.Tn VAX-11 Ns 's
interval timer in calculating a series
of random backoff values.
The algorithm is as follows:
.Bl -enum -offset indent
.It
Initialize the mask to be all 1's.
.It
If the mask is zero, 16 retries have been made and we give
up.
.It
Shift the mask left one bit and formulate a backoff by
masking the interval timer with the mask (this is actually
the two's complement of the value).
.It
Use the value calculated in step 3 to delay before retransmitting
the packet.
.El
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
.Bl -diag
.It en%d: output error.
The hardware indicated an error on
the previous transmission.
.It en%d: send error.
After 16 retransmissions using the
exponential backoff algorithm described above, the packet
was dropped.
.It en%d: input error.
The hardware indicated an error
in reading a packet off the cable.
.It en%d: can't handle af%d.
The interface was handed
a message with addresses formatted in an unsuitable address
family; the packet was dropped.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr inet 4 ,
.Xr netintro 4
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
driver appeared in
.Bx 4.2 .
.Sh BUGS
The device has insufficient buffering to handle back to
back packets.
This makes use in a production environment painful.
.Pp
The hardware does word at a time
.Tn DMA
without byte swapping.
To compensate, byte swapping of user data must either be done
by the user or by the system.
A kludge to byte swap only
.Tn IP
packets is provided if the
.Dv ENF_SWABIPS
flag is defined in
the driver and set at boot time with an
.Dv SIOCSIFFLAGS
.Xr ioctl 2 .